In this video, the finds of archaeologists who were able to change the view of history are
awaiting for you! Ancient people tens of thousands of years ago already knew how to create glue,
and in ancient Egypt they smoked tobacco! Watch the video to the end and you will see - the Roman
weapon of intimidation, the ceremonial burial of a lynx and the first Philistine cemetery! And you
will find out how each of these finds could change history! Hi Friend. You are on the KirTop channel.
Celtic Hybrid Cemeteries
Until recently, scholars thought that there were no hybrid monsters or chimeras in Celtic mythology
during the Iron Age. A recently excavated grave in Dorset has cast doubt on this and
suggests that the Celts had their own mythological creatures that they recreated in real life. The
discovery was made in the so-called Duropolis, where archaeologists found transformed animal
skeletons during excavations: a cow with horse legs, sheep with a bull's head and, strangestly,
a woman's skeleton, mostly composed of animal bones. Archaeologist Paul Cheetham believes that
skeletons (including female ones) were once sacrifices that were made during ceremonies.
Neanderthal glue For a long time,
it was believed that Neanderthals were simply not as smart or as advanced as Homo Sapiens,
but recent discoveries have cast doubt on this assumption. In June 2019, archaeologists uncovered
evidence of Neanderthals using a primitive type of glue on their tools. The find is between 55,000
and 40,000 years old, making it one of the oldest examples of the use of glue for assembling tools.
The glue was made predominantly from pine resin, but sometimes it also contained beeswax.
It was poured into a recess in a wooden stick, and then a flint blade was fixed in it and the glue
was allowed to harden. This is not the first find of its kind, and it helps reinforce the belief
that the practice was widespread among early humans. This also means that there
is now growing evidence that Neanderthals could start a fire when they needed it.
Roman weapon of intimidation A recent discovery suggests
that the Romans used psychological intimidation methods in war, firing slingshots at the enemy.
They used a hand-held throwing weapon called the Fustibal, with which they could throw lemon-sized
stones over long distances. Excavations at Burnswark Hill in Scotland have unearthed a
very distinctive stone slingshot shell with holes about 5mm in diameter drilled in the center. After
researching them, scientists agreed that 1800 years ago the Romans used them to intimidate the
enemy, since when such a projectile was flying, it should have emitted a sharp whistling sound.
"Extraterrestrial" sarcophaguses from the underground temple
Not far from Giza, archaeologists have discovered a mysterious ancient burial.
The burial was found 12 miles from the Great Pyramids at Giza. It consists of 24 sarcophaguses,
weighing 100 tons. Scientists note that cutting on hard Aswan granite is done very efficiently,
with an accuracy of microns. The found twenty-four boxes made of
granite ˈɡranət have a length of about 4m, a width of a little over 2m, and a height of a little
less than 3.5m. The weight of each, according to a rough estimate, is not less than 65t, and together
with a lid, it is about 100t. These boxes are set inside "crypts" carved into the limestone rock.
It is not clear who and how placed the sarcophaguses weighing 100 tons
in the crypts, in a confined space. It would take hundreds of slaves to transport them.
But it is impossible to place these slaves next to the crypt niche niCH . Without the help of special
mechanisms and machines, they cannot be placed. Some of the sarcophaguses are in a very narrow
side niche, where a maximum of 20 people can fit and more: the floor of the niche is
a meter and a half below the floor level of the main corridor. That is, the sarcophagus
had to be not only somehow dragged into a niche, but also carefully lowered to the very same
one and a half meters down, without breaking. The discovery of strange granite boxes raised
a number of questions among scientists, to which there is still no clear answer. The walls of the
granite boxes are perfectly fitted and polished both outside and inside. These boxes are made to
the highest level of modern space technology. The ancient Egyptians simply could not have
the technology to make these structures. The inner part of the "sarcophagus" is
also affected. Its walls are perfectly polished here too.
How were such internal corners made? The lids to the side walls of the "sarcophagus" fit perfectly,
without the slightest gaps or deviations. And the surface polish is just mirror-like.
Egyptologists have put forward a version that the boxes found are nothing more
than sarcophaguses for the burial of sacred bulls, and were made by the Egyptians by hand.
The world famous Swiss writer and ufologist Erich von Daniken suggested that the sarcophaguses were
made to bury the remains of monsters that were filled with bitumen bəˈt(y)o͞omən .
There is evidence that in the 19th century, the French archaeologist Auguste Mariet really
discovered bitumen and bones of various animals in the sarcophagus. From scorpions to bulls.
Daniken put forward his version on the basis of ancient texts, which said that "hybrid deities"
do not revive. According to the texts, these hybrids were created by "gods". People humiliated
them, but were afraid to touch them. After the disappearance of the gods, the hybrids died of
natural causes. Ostensibly for the burial of their remains, sarcophaguses were made.
Brainless man The scientific world was shocked
by a sensation that could become the loudest at the beginning of the 21st century. We are talking
about a new kind of man - Homo naledi. His remains were found in a cave near Johannesburg. This
creature amazed anthropologists. Ancient man is as if assembled from parts of two "constructors".
One belongs to the Australopithecines, who lived about 2 million years ago, the other to the erect
homo erectus, who lived on Earth about 1.5 million years ago, and the feet are the same as those of
modern humans. The brain is almost as small as that of the Australopithecus ˌôstrəlōˈpiTHəkəs .
By the way, that's why the scientist Lee Berger who found him called him "brainless."
Homo naledi immediately hit the 2015 Science Achievement Chart. But the main intrigue remained:
how old is he? If he lived about three million years ago, then his unusual features reflect
the variety of paths that evolution took in the era of the emergence of the genus Homo.
And then it can be built into the evolutionary tree. But if the bones are much younger,
then this can confuse scientists. How was this "young" creature able to preserve the primitive
features of its ancestors who lived several million years ago? By the way, most scientists
were inclined to date in millions of years. And now the date is announced. It sounded like
a thunderbolt from the clear anthropological sky: Homo naledi existed about 253 thousand years ago!
Several modern dating methods converged on this figure at once. So the error is
practically out of the question. It turns out that these strange creatures with signs
of Australopithecus roamed the earth at the same time as people who had practically modern brains.
Orkney Temple Since the Pictish era,
the Orkney Islands have been sparsely populated and almost unimportant nationally. However,
in the preceding Iron Age, the Orkney Islands were the site of one of the most advanced settlements
in Britain. The purpose of the structures found during the excavations of this settlement is still
disputed, and many of its mysteries continue to baffle archaeologists. By Iron Age standards,
its central structure was gigantic - 25 meters long and 20 meters wide. The walls were also
huge - more than five meters thick. They are still more than 1 meter high. Despite the size
of the building, the interior was only 6 meters wide. This is because there was another thick
wall inside, taking up most of the interior space. In the main room, most of the space was occupied
by a large fire pit in the center, around which there were large chest-of-drawers, the purpose
of which is unknown. The roof was perhaps the most impressive part of this structure.
It was made from slabs of stone that were laid out in perfect squares. The space between the
inner and outer walls was carefully paved and may have been covered, creating an inner corridor that
led around the inner space. The unusual building has led many to assume that it was some kind of
temple, but its true purpose remains unknown. The presence of colored stones
randomly scattered across the floors of the two buildings only adds to the mystery.
Painted Rock of Gelta In the early 200s,
Roman soldiers worked in a quarry in Cumbria, collecting stones for the construction
of Hadrian's Wall. While they were there, they decided to leave a memory behind them,
carving messages in stone. These inscriptions were officially discovered in the 1500s by William
Camden, one of the earliest modern historians, and his friend Julius Cotton. Thereafter,
the site that became known as the "Painted Rock of Gelt" was mentioned several times during the 1700s
and 1800s. But the graffiti was never properly documented. Since then, erosion has destroyed some
of the messages, rendering some of them illegible. The site was easily accessible to the public until
the road collapsed in the 1980s. Now it is almost impossible to get to it. The rock was recently
visited by archaeologists from the University of Newcastle, who had to descend 9 meters
to reach it. Fearing that the unique graffiti would be completely destroyed due to erosion,
archaeologists made 3D models of them so that future historians could study the inscriptions.
Ceremonial burial of a lynx Inventing the collection of the Illinois Museum
of Indian Artifacts, anthropologist Angela Perry found a box labeled "puppy" believed to contain
dog bones excavated from a Hopewell culture mound. It turned out that the bones actually belonged
to a lynx cub. This discovery was notable for two reasons: it was the only decorated wild cat burial
found in North America, and the only animal that was buried alone in its own burial mound.
Since this lynx was only a kitten at the time of death, anthropologists suspect it was a pet.
Inside the mound, they also found a necklace that Peri believes served as a collar for a cat.
However, zooarchaeologist Melinda Zeder puts forward a different hypothesis.
She believes the lynx had a much more symbolic status for Hopewell culture
and may have symbolized a connection with nature.
A pot with holes - an ancient Roman garden trick When excavating gardens in various places of
the Roman Empire, archaeologists found buried ceramic pots with punched holes.
Experts call them ollae perforatae - perforated olla, or simply a pot with holes.
These olls are pots specially designed for gardening. They were produced in large quantities,
apparently throughout the Roman world, so there are many variations of them. Most often,
holes were made in them before firing, but there are samples in which holes were
drilled after they were taken out of the oven. But why do clay pots need holes in the bottom?
The answer to this question is simple. These pots were used by the ancient Romans
for breeding plants. They, together with the plant, were planted in the ground of the garden,
burying them almost completely. This was especially convenient if the plant was
to be dug up again in the future - for example, for transplanting or selling.
Dozens of these pots have been found in the gardens of Pompeii and neighboring villas,
such as the Villa Poppei in Oplontis. They are known to us not only from the Vesuvius region, but
also from Egypt, Greece, Britain, Jericho, Petra. They were also used in the beautiful Hadrian
Gardens at Tibour and Libya at Prima Porta. These are the prototypes of peat pots from Ancient Rome.
Swedish buddha It is now widely
known that the Vikings were active in trade and had their trading posts from Ireland to Russia,
and also reached the markets in Baghdad and Egypt. However, nothing shows the adventurous
spirit of the Vikings more than a series of finds made on Helgo Island in Sweden.
Helgo was home to a busy Viking trading post for much of the early Middle Ages,
so items from literally all over the world are found on this Swedish island today.
For example, a statue of Buddha, the top of an Irish bishop's staff, and a ladle from North
Africa were found. It is speculated that the bishop's ladle and staff were captured during
the raids because the Vikings often plundered territories from Ireland to Egypt, but the
Buddha statue must have been traded for something. Made in Indian Kashmir around the sixth century,
the statue was probably purchased somewhere along the trade route
between the Middle East and Russia, where Vikings often traveled to trade, raid, or even join the
Varangian Guard in Constantinople. The unusual statue was probably brought by someone to Helgo
and sold to a local resident. The find confirmed what some historians suspected: the Viking trade
routes stretched much further than previously thought. Although they mostly did not make it to
the markets in India, the Vikings often traded with the Arabs, who in turn traded with India.
First Philistine cemetery The Philistines were mysterious ancient people,
mentioned in the Bible (it is described that they were the sworn enemies of the Israelites). In our
time, some historians consider the Philistines to be a marine people, which probably originated
from the Aegean Islands. The Philistines disappeared around the eighth century AD,
and after them almost nothing has survived. Archaeologists recently announced the discovery
of a Philistine cemetery, where more than 150 graves and countless artifacts have been found.
The cemetery was actually discovered 30 years ago, but excavations took a very long time. This
discovery shows that the Philistines were not hostile to "cultural manifestations":
they were buried with jewelry adorned with jugs filled with aromatic oils or wine, and weapons.
Ancient Egyptian tobacco
One of the strangest archaeological discoveries of the past few decades occurred in Munich,
Germany, in 1992. Dr. Svetlana Balabanova performed a chemical test on some ancient
Egyptian mummies that belonged to the king of Bavaria. To her surprise, she found traces of
nicotine and cocaine on them. In ancient times, they could only be found in America. Since then,
various hypotheses have emerged to try and explain how these tracks appeared. The most plausible is
that the "ancestors" of these substances existed in Eurasia at that time, but have become extinct
to this day, just like the ancient Roman plant Sylphium. However, later research has shown that,
in theory, the ancient Egyptians could have reached America across the ocean.
Archaeological finds and ancient images of Hatshepsut's voyage to Punt have revealed
complex naval infrastructure, including harbors, building materials, and the remains of the oldest
marine vessels ever discovered. Extant images of Egyptian ships show vessels over 21 meters
in length carrying more than 200 sailors along with goods that could only be found
along the African coast. That is, apparently, ancient Egypt could trade over long distances.
There is another very curious fact. In 1909, the Arizona newspaper reported that two researchers,
funded by the Smithsonian Institution, had discovered caves in America that contained
Egyptian-style artifacts. However, there is no evidence today, and the Smithsonian
has no record of such a discovery. Share this video with your friends,
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