- Hey guys, my name is Matt Johnson,
and today I want to share with you
how I shoot and edit video footage
that is mixed frame rates.
A lot of you have noticed in my wedding films
and my drone videos that I shoot at
a variety of frame rates,
sometimes at 24 frames per second,
sometimes 30 FPS, 60 FPS, even 1020 FPS.
And a lot of you have been asking me two questions:
first, why do you shoot so many frame rates,
and second: how do you edit
all of those frame rates together
in Adobe Premiere and make them look good?
Well today, I'm excited to say that I'm gonna be sharing
both of those answers with you,
so let's open up Adobe Premiere.
All right, welcome to Adobe Premiere Pro CC 2018.
I'm gonna go up here to Help, About,
and you can see that I'm on version 12.0.0.
If you are on a different version,
it should not matter because
these settings and things I'm gonna be walking you through
apply to pretty much all the versions of Premiere
that I've ever used, so don't stress about that.
Now let's look over here in the project window,
and as you can see, I have imported three video clips.
One is at 23.976 frames per second,
the other one is at 29.97 frames per second,
and the last is at 59.94 frames per second.
So, 24, 30, and 60 FPS, if we're rounding up here
like everybody does.
Now, I am a wedding filmmaker,
and I shoot at a variety of frame rates
throughout the wedding day, and as a rule,
if I am filming anything that has audio in it,
such as a groom reading a letter here, for example,
or a wedding ceremony, or a wedding toast.
Anything that has audio, I want to shoot it at
24 frames per second because that matches up with
the frame rate of my timeline,
which we will discuss in just a moment.
Now, if I'm shooting anything that
does not require audio to be synchronized to the video,
such as groom prep here, for example,
I want to shoot that at 30 frames per second,
and I have two reasons for doing that.
The first is that, whenever you slow down
30 frames per second footage to 24 frames per second,
it makes it look all dreamy and magical.
The other reason that's also more important than that
is that it also takes out any of the bumps, and shakes,
and me getting my camera caught in my beard,
which has happened before.
By shooting at 30 frames per second,
it makes things just a little bit smoother
once you slow it down, and I'm a big fan of that.
I need all the help that I can get in that area.
Lastly, we have 60 frames per second footage here,
which, as you can see, this is the bride and groom together,
and the reason that I want to shoot that
at 60 frames per second
is because it's a very big, emotional moment
and I wanna drag that out as long as possible.
So if they're staring at each other's eyes,
I want them to stare at each other for a long time,
and by shooting at 60 frames per second
and being able to slow that down to 24 frames per second,
it is gonna make that stare long,
and it's gonna look really, really pretty.
Now that I've explained all that,
it is now time for us to create a new timeline
so we can edit these video clips.
But we have an issue, because if I scroll over here,
you're gonna see under video info
that these first two clips are 3840 by 2160, 4K resolution,
but this last clip is 1920 by 1080, 1080p.
How are we gonna create a sequence
that works with both of these?
Well, I have good news for you,
because I have created a video that covers
how to edit videos that are multiple resolutions
in one timeline.
So, I would highly recommend watching that.
I will link to it up here in the corner
and down in the description.
But for the sake of brevity here in this tutorial,
so I don't have to go through all that,
all I'm going to do is I'm going to create a new sequence
and I'm going to upscale my 1080p clips to 4K.
Now, let's make a timeline.
I'm gonna go up here to File, New, Sequence,
and that is gonna open up the new sequence dialogue box,
which is where we're gonna tell Premiere
the video frame rate and resolution
that we want to be editing and exporting our video at.
In this case, we're gonna wanna go to
one of the sequence presets,
and we're gonna select RED R3D.
Even though I did not shoot this video on a Red,
I shot it on an A7S2, that does not matter.
What matters is that in these presets
there are settings that match up
perfectly with these settings
of the video that I shot.
So we're gonna click the little dropdown here for RED R3D,
and we're gonna go down to HD 4K,
and we're gonna select 4K HD 16x9 23.976.
Now, this is the sequence that I'm gonna be editing with,
and I want you to pay attention to the frame rate here,
23.976 frames per second.
Any time that I shoot any video that has audio
that I need to sync up with the lips of the person speaking,
then I want to be shooting at 23.976 frames per second,
because I will not be making this footage slow motion.
If you shoot it at higher frames per second
and then try to make it slow motion,
everybody's gonna be talking slow,
and it's not going to match up.
So, my recommendation to you is that
any time you shoot anything where you require
the audio to sync up, I recommend shooting at
23.976 frames per second.
But you're telling me, "Matt, I've shot stuff
"at other frames per second.
"I've shot stuff at 30, and 60, and 120.
"Do I still select 23.976?"
Yes, because all of that footage
that you are gonna be making slow motion
at 30 FPS, 60 FPS, 120 FPS, on and on,
we are gonna be turning that into
23.976 frames per second footage
later on in this tutorial.
So, with this preset selected,
we are now ready to begin editing,
so let's go down here to sequence name
and we're gonna name this Framerate Tutorial.
Yeah, that sounds good, let's hit Okay.
Next, let's go over here and start
dragging some clips down to the timeline.
First I'm gonna drag this clip that is
23.976 frames per second, because that matches
the timeline settings here perfectly.
Drag it down, no pop-ups at all.
And man, look at that, that looks really great.
Let's hit play.
As you can see, it's playing smoothly,
it's playing at the exact same frame rate as the timeline,
so it matches perfectly.
Let's shorten this clip down, 'cause it's really long,
so we have room for other clips here.
And let's drag down our 29.97 frames per second clip,
so our 30 FPS clip.
Drag it down here to the timeline, put it over,
and we're gonna hit play.
And as you can see, things look a little stuttery.
It's not quite as smooth,
and the reason for tat is because
we're dropping this 30 frames per second clip
directly onto a 24 frames per second timeline,
and whenever it does that, Premiere has to do
a lot of background math to actually get rid of
six frames every second because
it is trying to make this 30 frames per second clip
24 frames per second.
Next, let's drag the 59.94 frames per second video clip
onto the timeline here and hit play.
And you're gonna see it actually looks really stuttery too
because Premiere is having to drop
over half of the frames to make this work
on a 24 frames per second timeline.
It doesn't look bad, honestly,
but it's not super smooth.
It doesn't look nearly as smooth as
the 4K footage here at 24 frames per second.
That stuff, smooth as butter, I love it.
There isn't really any way you can make
30 or 60 frames per second footage play back smoothly
on a 24 frames per second timeline
unless you make the clip slow motion.
This is why I recommend that
if you are planning on shooting at
higher frame rates than 24 frames per second,
to only shoot them if you are planning on
making the clip slow motion.
Now, I know that there are people out there that say,
"Oh man, you should shoot everything
"at 60 frames per second, it looks awesome!
"You can slow down anything that you want to in post."
And that is true, but the issue that you're gonna run into
is that as soon as you need to play back
any of those 60 frames per second clips in real time
on a 24 frames per second timeline,
they're gonna look jittery, they're gonna look stuttery,
and they're not gonna look as good as
footage that you shot at 24 frames per second.
So, my recommendation to you,
and this is what I follow as well,
be very intentional with the frame rates that you shoot at.
Do not shoot at 60 frames per second because,
oh, man I might wanna slow something down.
No, look at your shot, be decisive and say,
"I'm gonna want this in slow motion in post,
"I'm gonna shoot it at 60.
"I do not want this to be in slow motion in post,
"I'm gonna shoot this at 24."
Be very intentional with that,
because that way your footage is gonna look better
because you made that decision in-camera,
and you were not waiting till post
to make a choice.
One last thing that I'll say is
do not add footage to a timeline
where the timeline frame rate
is higher than the footage frame rate.
So, if you have a timeline of 30 frames per second footage,
do not put a 23.976 clip onto that timeline,
because you're going to deal with Premiere
attempting to create magically out of thin air
six frames, and it's gonna look really weird.
Okay, great Matt, you've rambled about frame rate
for quite a while now, but my clips on my timeline
are still not in slow motion.
So, can we finally cover how to do that?
Yes, yes we can.
You have a couple options here
for how you wanna do that.
Namely, you could right click on
one of your clips on your timeline
and go to speed/duration,
and for a 60 frames per second clip,
you could set it to 40% speed, roughly,
hit Okay, and hit play.
Hey, all right, that's in slow motion,
that doesn't look bad.
Or let's press ctrl+z or cmd+z if you're on a Mac,
and we'll go back, and let's press the R key,
which is going to bring up the rate stretch tool here,
and I can click on the end of this clip,
and I can start to drag it out.
That doesn't look bad.
Still slightly stutery that way.
But I have a better way to do things.
You do not need to go through that.
And this is my favorite way
to make my clips slow motion.
First we're gonna go down here to the timeline,
we're gonna select all the clips
that we had already added,
and we're going to press the delete key,
'cause we do not need those clips anymore.
Second, I'm gonna go up here to the Project window,
and you're gonna see that I have my three clips here
with the three separate frame rates.
And what I first want you to know is that
this is one of the first things that I do
any time I am editing a video in Premiere.
So, I go out and I shoot a big event,
I import all the footage into Premiere,
now I do this step.
I'm gonna go to my first clip in my footage
and I'm gonna select it.
Then I'm gonna go to the last clip in my footage,
I'm gonna hold down the shift key,
and I'm gonna click, and that is gonna select
all of the clips.
So imagine that there are hundreds of clips that I've shot.
I want them all selected.
Next, I'm going to right click on
the name of any one of these clips, it does not matter,
and that's gonna bring up this right click menu,
and I'm gonna go down to Modify, Interpret Footage,
and that's gonna bring up the Modify Clip dialogue box.
Next, I'm gonna go over here to frame rate,
and as you can see, it currently says
"Use Frame Rate from File."
Instead, we want to select "Assume this frame rate,"
and we're gonna type in 23.976.
So, instead of Premiere reading the frame rates
that every single individual video file
is reporting that it has,
instead it's gonna view all of the individual video clips
as being at 23.976 frames per second.
Next we're gonna click Okay.
Now look over here at our frame rates.
Instead of them being different,
now they all say 23.976 frames per second.
How cool is that?
Now let's go and select one of these video clips.
This is the one that was already 23.976 frames per second.
So, by changing those settings,
it actually did nothing to it,
and it's still playing back smoothly.
We'll shorten that down a bit.
Next, let's look over here at
our 30 frames per second footage.
I'm gonna drag this down on the timeline.
And as you can see, it is a little bit longer than
what it was before.
It's a little imperceptible,
but I'm gonna hit play on this here.
Wait for me to get focused.
And you can see that things are slightly slower.
It feels just slightly different,
and I'm a big fan of how that looks.
Lastly, let's go over here to our
60 frames per second clip
and we're gonna drag that to the timeline.
And, as you can see, it got significantly longer.
Look at that.
So, let's go here and hit play,
and oh my gosh, look at that!
It's so smooth, it looks incredible!
I love the slow motion!
Oh my gosh, it looks great!
And we did not have to take a ton of steps to do it.
It was just a few clicks and all of our clips
were made slow motion.
I absolutely love this technique
for making slow motion footage.
Makes my job and my life so much easier.
To Premiere, all of these clips are now
23.976 frames per second, so whereas I started with
24, and 30, and 60 frames per second clips,
all of them, to Premiere, are now the same,
and they look great.
That's it, thank you so much for watching.
I hope this video's been helpful to you
and given you some great insight into
how to edit video clips that are at varied frame rates.
As I mentioned earlier, I have another video that details
how I edit videos that have varied resolutions.
So, between these two videos,
you should be pretty covered
as far as resolution and frame rate go.
Pretty excited about that.
I will link to the resolution video up in the corner
and down in the description of this video.
I also have three other videos
all about my export settings that I use
whenever I'm exporting to YouTube,
Vimeo, Facebook, or Instagram,
and at different resolutions.
So, if you wanna export at 4K,
or 1080, or Instagram resolution,
'cause it actually has a resolution,
I will link to those down in the description as well.
As always, if you have any questions or comments,
please feel free to leave one below
or get in touch with me through my website, whoismatt.com.
It is also a behemoth help to me
if you would consider liking this video
and subscribing if you wanna see
more videos like this in the future.
I also have links down in the description of this video
if you wanna check them out.
The link to my Instagram, and my Facebook,
and how to sign up for one-on-one consulting with me,
and how to sign up for my newsletter,
and links to my wedding film production company.
All that is down in the description of this video.
Thank you so much for watching,
and have a great day.