- [Voiceover] So let's say you were to go to a restaurant
and just out of curiosity you want to see
what the makeup of the ages at the restaurant are.
So you go around the restaurant
and you write down everyone's age.
And so these are the ages of everyone
in the restaurant at that moment.
And so you're interested in somehow presenting this,
somehow visualizing the distribution of the ages,
because you want just say, well,
are there more young people?
Are there more teenagers?
Are there more middle-aged people?
Are there more seniors here?
And so when you just look at these numbers
it really doesn't give you a good sense of it.
It's just a bunch of numbers.
And so how could you do that?
Well one way to think about it,
is to put these ages into different buckets,
and then to think about how many people
are there in each of those buckets?
Or sometimes someone might say
how many in each of those bins?
So let's do that.
So let's do buckets or categories.
So, I like,
sometimes it's called a bin.
So the bucket, I like to think of it more of as a bucket,
the bucket and then the number in the bucket.
The number in the bucket.
Number, I'll just write the number, oops.
It's the, oops.
It's the number (laughing),
it's the number in the bucket.
Alright.
So let's just make buckets.
Let's make them 10 year ranges.
So let's say the first one is ages zero to nine.
So how many people...
Why don't we just define all of the buckets here?
So the next one is ages 10 to 19,
then 20 to 29, then 30 to 39,
and 40 to 49, 50 to 59,
let me make sure you can read that properly,
then you have 60 to 69.
And I think that covers everyone.
I don't see anyone 70 years old or older here.
So then how many people fall into
the zero to nine-year-old bucket?
Well it's gonna be one, two, three,
four, five, six people fall into that bucket.
How many people fall into the...
How many people fall into the 10 to 19-year-old bucket?
Well, let's see.
One, two,
three.
Three people.
And I think you see where this is going.
What about 20 to 29?
So that's one, two, three,
four, five people.
Five people fall into that bucket.
Alright, what about 30 to 39?
We have one, and that's it.
Only one person in that 30 to 39 bin or bucket or category.
Alright, what about 40 to 49?
We have one, two people.
Two people are in that bucket.
And then 50 to 59.
Let's see, you have one, two people.
Two people.
And then finally, finally, ages 60-69.
Let me do that in a different color.
60 to 69.
There is one person, right over there.
So this is one way of thinking about
how the ages are distributed, but let's actually
make a visualization of this.
And the visualization that we're gonna create,
this is called a histogram.
Histogram.
We're taking data that can take on
a whole bunch of different values,
we're putting them into categories,
and then we're gonna plot how many
folks are in each category.
How big are each of those?
How big are each of those categories?
And actually, I wrote histogram.
I wrote histograph, I should have written histogram.
So a histogram. So let's do this.
Alright.
So on this axis, let's see, the largest category has six.
So this the number, number of folks.
And it's gonna go one, two, three,
four, five, six.
One, two, three, four, five, six.
This is the number.
And on this axis I'm gonna make the buckets.
The buckets, and let me scroll up a little bit.
Now that I have my data here,
I don't have to look at my data set again.
So I have one bucket.
This is going to be the zero to nine bucket,
right over here.
Zero to nine.
Then I'm going to have the three...
Actually, let me just plot them,
since I have my pen that color.
So in zero to nine there are six people.
Zero to nine, there are six people.
So I'll just plot it like that.
And then we have the 10 to 19.
There are three people.
So 10 to 19, there are three people.
So I'll do a bar, like this.
Then, 20 to 29, I have five people.
20 to 29, which is gonna be this one,
just getting, I'm writing too big.
So 20 to 29 is gonna be this bar.
There's five people.
Five people there.
So it'll look like this.
I should have made the bars wide enough
so I could write below them.
But I've already, that train has already left.
(laughing) Alright, alright.
Then 30 to 39, I'll try to write smaller.
30 to 39, that's gonna be this bar right over here.
We have one person.
One person.
And then we have 40 to 49.
We have two people.
40 to 49, two people.
So, it looks like this.
40 to 49, two people.
Almost there. 50 to 59.
We have two people.
50 to 59, we also have two people.
So that's that right over there.
That's this category.
And then finally, 60 to 69 we have one person.
60 to 69, we have one person.
We have one person.
And what I have just constructed,
I took our data.
I put it into buckets that are kind of representative
of the categories I care about.
Zero to nine is kind of young kids.
10 to 19, I guess you could call them adolescents
or roughly teenagers, although, obviously
if you're 10 you're not quite a teenager yet.
And then all the different age groups.
And then when I counted the number in each bucket
and I plotted it, now I can visually get a sense
of how are the ages distributed in this restaurant.
This must be some type of a restraunt
that gives away toys or something,
because there's a lot of younger people.
Maybe it's very family-friendly.
So every adult that comes in,
maybe there's a lot of young adults with kids,
or maybe grandparents up here,
and they just bring a lot of kids to this restaurant.
So it gives you a view of what's going on here.
Just a lot of kids here, a lot fewer senior citizens.
So once again, this is just a way of visualizing things.
We took a lot of data that can take multiple data points.
Instead of plotting each data point,
like we might do in a dot plot,
instead of saying how many one-year-olds are there?
Well there's only one one-year old.
How many three-year-olds are there?
There's only one three-year old.
That wouldn't give us much information.
We would just have these single dots
if we were doing a dot plot.
But as a histogram, we're able to put them into buckets.
Everybody was like, hey, you know generally
between the ages zero and nine we have six people.
And so you see that plotted out, just like that.
And obviously this doesn't apply just to
ages of people in a restaurant,
it applies to all sorts of data that you might
want to collect and observe.