- Secrets are all around us.
You're probably keeping a secret right now.
When we keep a secret,
we're often trying to protect something.
Maybe we're trying to protect
ourselves and our reputation,
or what other people think of us,
or maybe we're trying to protect
someone we care about.
But when we hold back from other people,
it's not always protecting the thing
that we're hoping to protect,
and it often brings harm
to our personal health and wellbeing.
That can feel really isolating,
and it can feel like it's something
you should be ashamed of.
And feelings of shame are one of
the most toxic emotions
that we can have for our health.
When we feel ashamed,
we feel like we're a bad person
and that there's nothing
we can do to change that.
But also, that secret is gonna be
on your mind quite frequently,
and your mind is gonna return
to that secret time and time again.
We're living with those secrets alone in our thoughts,
and when we choose to be alone with something,
we often don't develop the healthiest way
of thinking about that thing.
Once you better understand
how your secrets are hurting you,
you can have a better sense of
how you can cope with them.
My name is Michael Slepian.
I'm a professor at Columbia,
and I study the psychology of secrecy.
My book is called "The Secret Life of Secrets:
How Our Inner World Shape Well-Being,
Relationships, and Who We Are."
Not all secrets are bad,
sometimes secrets are good
and sometimes we feel good
about the secrets we're keeping:
surprise parties, announcing a pregnancy,
proposing marriage to someone,
or maybe it's a sense of status
that comes from having a workplace secret.
What makes something a secret
is when you intend to hold back
this particular information from one or more people-
and we can distinguish secrecy from privacy.
Privacy is not a specific intent
to hold information back,
but it's just needing to be comfortable enough
in the moment to reveal something sensitive.
And our secrets can range from
totally trivial to troubling.
When I first started this research,
one of the most important questions
to understand is what do people keep secret?
We didn't even have a good understanding of that.
And so I asked a couple thousand people,
'What's the secret you're currently keeping?'
And we found 38 different categories,
and we know that these 38 categories
of secrets are really comprehensive
because when I ask someone open-ended,
'What is the secret you're currently keeping?'
92% of the time,
it fits one of the 38 categories from the list-
and 97% of people say they have
at least one of the secrets
from the list right now.
And the average person
has 13 of those secrets
at any given moment in time.
The top five most common secrets are about:
lies we've told,
romantic desire,
our finances and money,
sexual behavior,
and what I call 'extra-relational thoughts,'
where you're in a romantic relationship with someone
and you're having some romantic thought
about another person.
Other common secrets are:
family secrets,
secret ambitions,
secret beliefs,
secret discontents, whether at work,
social life, romantic life,
or our physical appearance.
I forgot what my last item was.
Oh yeah, cheating.
A secret can harm you,
unfortunately so many ways,
in that even if you're not hiding
the secret in a given moment,
it still could be burdensome to you.
It could still be harming your well-being
and that's because people frequently
feel ashamed of their secrets,
isolated with their secrets,
inauthentic for keeping those secrets.
And when the secret deals
with something that is an ongoing struggle
or something we're trying to figure out,
when we're alone with something,
we tend to not figure it out.
We're more likely to ruminate on that thing-
and rumination is not just repetitive thinking,
it's repetitive negative thinking.
So it's all too easy to find
the worst way to think about a secret
when we're alone with it.
Psychologist John Cacioppo said something
once to the effect of,
"Loneliness is so harmful to your health
that it's equivalent to smoking
a pack of cigarettes a day."
And it just goes to show you
that social relationships are such
a huge part of life
and feeling satisfied with that life.
And when we choose to keep a secret
in a very small way
or sometimes big way,
we're choosing loneliness.
We're choosing to be alone with something.
But we don't have to be.
It's all too easy to forget about
the other side of secrecy
which is that sharing a secret
with another person is a profound act of intimacy.
If it takes courage to reveal something to someone,
they'll recognize that.
When you make yourself vulnerable
or when you place your trust in another person,
this is the stuff of intimate relationships,
and revealing these kinds of things
is how we become known.
Mutual disclosure with others
is one of the strongest predictors
of relationship strength.
It can feel really good
to reveal a secret to someone.
It can feel really good
to have that weight lifted from your shoulders,
but it turns out,
that's not what is helpful
about revealing a secret.
It's not that moment of catharsis.
It's what happens after that,
because the average person
responds in a helpful way.
The prototypical experience people have
with confiding a secret is a helpful one.
And that might be in part
because we've chosen our confidants carefully,
but it's also because there's so much
that other people can offer
that are really hard to find on our own.
Someone can validate your experience
or express sympathy and say,
"That must be so hard,
or I'm here for you,"
or give guidance or advice or emotional support.
These are things that are
so hard to find on our own,
but are really easy
for someone to provide to us.
And so often, that's what
makes revealing a secret beneficial.
If you ask a young child
to tell you what a secret is,
they might tell you that
it's something you would only share
with your best friend.
They understand secrets are meant to be shared.
This is how we get close to people.
This is how we become known.
This is how we get help.
And when you choose to keep a secret,
you are forgoing all those benefits.
You don't have to share it
with the person you're keeping it from,
but talking about it with someone else
often is so profoundly helpful.
It deepens that relationship,
and gets you the help that you need.