SabaaH al-ward! Right now we're going to talk about how to negate verbs in the
future, using the particle لَن. If you watched our video about the future tense,
you know that ordinarily, in order to create an affirmative sentence referring
to the future, we can use one of two particles, we can either use سَـ, which
attaches directly to our default present tense form of the verb, المضارع المرفوع,
or else we can use the particle سَوفَ right before. And they're
identical in meaning. So, some example sentences: 'I will go to the
office.' سأذهب إلى المكتب Or 'you will study.' Now let's say we're speaking to a
woman. You will study now.'
ستدريسن الآن or 'they will travel to Beirut.' let's use سوف for a change of pace.
. سوف يسافرون إلى بيروت
Note that if we're using سَـ or سَوفَ, to talk about the affirmative future, if we
wanted to fully vocalize these sentences for some reason, we would be using our
default form of the present tense, المضارع المرفوع, so سأذهبُ,
ستدرسينَ or سوف يسافرونَ, right? Now if we wanted to turn these affirmative
sentences into negative sentences, what we're going to do is remove سَـ or سَوفَ,
and put لَن in front of the verb. And we need to use لَن in combination with
المضارع المنصوب
Again, we have our three conjugated present tense verb forms, here, مرفوع,
منصوب and مجزوم, so we're going to need to substitute منصوب for مرفوع here
and in most cases the change is going to be pretty minor, right? Just that final
vowel, so instead of سأذهبُ, if I want to say 'no, I will not go
to the office,' I would instead say لَن أذهبَ إلى المكتب
Here instead of سَتدرسين, you will study, I use لَن, and as we
can see here for أنتِ we lose our final 'nuun,' so we're left with just a 'yaa' in
our منصوب form. لَن تدرسي الآن And here, we're going to lose سوفَ, replace
it with لَن,
لَن يسافرون in مرفوع, but we need to replace it with منصوب using
this template again, with our formal word for to do, but we can apply that template
to any other verb, like يسافر or يسافرون, and we wind up with
يسافروا إلى بيروت... لن يسافروا إلى بيروت.
One thing you should be
careful to avoid doing is using لا before سَـ. That's a common mistake, but we
really do need to use the لَن particle and to focus on changing the verb. And
once again, this is a structure that's unique to العربية الفصحى, formal
written Arabic, MSA. Colloquials tend to have other structures, and we talk
about that in our future tense video, and the negation videos a bit. But if you're 38 00:04:34,130 --> 00:00:00,000 writing in formal Arabic, this is how we need to negate the future verbs.