Ahlan wa sahlan! Right now, we're going to talk about the future tense, what we
call in Arabic المستقبل. In this video, we're going to assume that you
already know how to conjugate a present tense verb in Arabic. You should already
have studied the video, the previous video about how to conjugate the present
tense, or maybe you've learned from another source. If you know how to
conjugate a present tense verb, it's gratifyingly simple to form the future
tense in Arabic. We do that by adding a particle at the beginning of a present
tense verb in فصحى, MSA, it's going to be سَـ, in Masri, Egyptian dialect, that's
going to be a حَـ, and in Shaami, Levantine, we have a choice of either حَـ
or رَح. So for example, if we take a present tense sentence, like 'I'm going to the movies,'
أذهب إلى السينما
أذهب إلى السينماز All I need to do to turn this into future tense is to add a
seen-fatha at the beginning of the verb. سأذهب إلى السينما,
'Iwill go to the movies,' or 'I'm going to go to the movies.
Note that the 'siin' connects to the letter that follows it. In Egyptian we
have something very similar, right? If we want to say the same sentence, in
Egyptian, of course we're going to use the Egyptian colloquial verb for
going, we're not going to say أذهب, I might say باروح السينما, right 'I'm going to
the cinema,' I go, present tense. And in the future, we're going to drop that
بـ prefix that we see on most present tense verbs and I'm going to add that
حَـ. حَاروح السينما.
Note that the حَـ also connects. We don't really have standardized forms for writing dialect, there are conventions
but there aren't really, there isn't one single grammar that will tell you the
correct way to write dialect. There is some flexibility, but this is typically
what we see, is that حَـ is going to connect to the verb that follows. And in
Shaami, we're going to see essentially the same thing: let's use رَح
instead of حَـ... well let's start with the present tense.
باروح عَ السينما. Remember we have that عَ conjunction in Shaami that we
don't in Masri, باروح عَ السينما, I'm going right now, again we drop that
'baa' prefix, and we're going to add رَح instead.
Notice that in Shaami, we're not going to connect that رَح, it's going to sort
of be a standalone particle. It's a little bit different. Again, there's no
rulebook that's going to tell you that this is correct, but if you're reading
someone's Facebook page and they're writing in Syrian dialect, for example
you're likely to see that رَح as a separate particle, it's just an emerging
convention that we see. One more thing, sometimes in فصحى, instead of سَـ, you're
going to see a particle سَوفَ, and if you see سَوفَ instead of سَـ, it is going to
stand alone, kind of like رَح in Shaami.
سَوفَ أذهب إلى السينما There is no difference in meaning between these
between any of these, actually, right? They're all exactly equivalent in
meaning. I will go, I'm going to go. Also note that unlike a lot of other European
languages, we aren't going to use the verb for 'going' to situate another verb
in the future tense. That's strictly a convention of certain other languages,
but you're never going to do that really in Arabic. We're going to use one of
these particles, so pick the one of the dialect you're learning, or if you're
learning فصحى just use that فصحى, and remember that we always tack it on
to the beginning of a present tense verb. and that is it! 48 00:04:53,409 --> 00:00:00,000 That's the future tense.