Assalamu alaikum, welcome everyone! Today inshaAllah we'll
be talking about triangles of the neck. Before we start, I would advise you to
grab a pen or a pencil and draw each step with us, so you practice and learn
at the same time. In this topic you have to focus on the borders of each triangle
as well as their contents.So in this video you'll learn only one rectangle
that summarizes ALL six triangles of the neck, and visualizes them! So in the neck
we have two compartments on each side, or triangles: anterior and posterior. They
are separated by a muscle called: sterno-cleido-mastoid on each side of the neck.
The posterior compartment can be divided into two triangles: occipital and
supraclavicular. Whereas the anterior triangle is divided into four triangles:
submental, submandibular, carotid, and muscular triangle. A total of six
triangles we will be discussing in this video. Now let's start by drawing our
schematic draw with a rectangle and define its borders. We have up here that rami of
the mandible: left and right rami, and here we have trapezius muscle: right and
left also. And this lower border is formed by the left and right clavicles,
joined at the middle by the manubrium. Now in the upper part of this rectangle
we will draw a black structure which represents the hyoid bone. And here will
draw sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle, which divides the neck into anterior and
posterior triangles, as we said previously. Then a muscle will intersect
sterno-cleido-mastoid on both sides. This is omohyoid muscle. Now we can see
that omohyoid has two bellies: inferior and superior one, which will contribute
to divide the posterior triangle and anterior triangle,
respectively. Now this line represents the midline of the neck, passing through the
hyoid bone. And the last pair of muscles contributing in
forming triangles of the neck are: digastric muscles, left and right.
Digastric also has two bellies posterior and anterior one. By that our rectangle and
all triangles of the neck are ready and well defined. Now let's name the borders
of each triangle. We will start by two triangles present in the posterior
compartment.1- supraclavicular triangle, and the borders are: clavicle,
sternocleidomastoid, and inferior belly of omohyoid. 2- occipital
triangle, the borders are: trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and inferior body of
omohyoid. Now let's move to the anterior compartment.
3- muscular triangle, the borders are: midline, sternocleidomastoid, and superior
belly of omohyoid. 4- carotid triangle: posterior belly of digastric,
sternocleidomastoid, and superior belly of omohyoid.
5- submandibular triangle: posterior belly of the digastric, anterior belly of
digastric, and the mandible. 6- the single triangle, submental triangle,
the borders are: anterior belly of right and left digastric, and the hyoid bone.
Now for the contents, we will mention the most important structures present within
each triangle. We will start from submandibular triangle and move
anti-clockwise. In the submandibular triangle we have:
submandibular gland, facial artery and vein, and hypoglossal nerve. In the
muscular triangle, and as the name implies, we have three strap muscles
which are: sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid, plus thyroid and
parathyroid glands. In the Supraclavicular triangle we have: subclavian artery and
vein. In the occipital triangle we have: roots forming the brachial plexus,
accessory nerve, and lesser occipital nerve from the cervical plexus. In the
carotid triangle we have carotid sheath, it has internal and common carotid
arteries, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve. And last triangle which can't be
seen in the lateral view is: submental triangle. It has submental vessels branch
from facial artery, and some lymph nodes. And all these triangles have groups of
lymph nodes scattered everywhere in the neck. This is it for the neck and it's
triangles. Hope you enjoyed! Please give us your feedback so we improve in the
next videos. And don't forget to Like and subscribe to get our new videos and explanations.