Drooling is the flow of saliva outside the mouth.
Drooling can be caused by excess production of saliva, inability to retain saliva within
the mouth, or problems with swallowing.
Frequent and harmless cases are a numbed mouth from either Orajel, or when going to the dentist
office.
Isolated drooling in healthy infants and toddlers is normal and is unlikely to be a sign of
either disease or complications.
It may be associated with teething.
Drooling in infants and young children may be exacerbated by upper respiratory infections
and nasal allergies.
Some people with drooling problems are at increased risk of inhaling saliva, food, or
fluids into the lungs, mainly if drooling is secondary to a neurological problem.
However, if the body's normal reflex mechanisms are not impaired, this is not life-threatening.
Causes Drooling or sialorrhea can happen in sleep.
It is often the result of open-mouth posture from CNS depressants intake or sleeping on
one's side.
In sleep, saliva may not build at the back of the throat, triggering the normal swallow
reflex, thus allowing for the condition.
Stroke and other neurological pathologies Intellectual disability
Cerebral palsy Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract Parkinson's disease
Rabies Mercury poisoning
Drooling associated with fever or trouble swallowing may be a sign of an infectious
disease including: Retropharyngeal abscess
Peritonsillar abscess Tonsilitis
Mononucleosis Strep throat
Exercise can cause a severe amount of saliva build up in the mouth, making it very difficult
to breathe.
A sudden onset of drooling may indicate poisoning or reaction to snake or insect venom.
Some medications can cause drooling as well such as the pain relief medication Orajel,
by mucosa numbness.
Some neurological problems also cause drooling.
Excess Capsaicin can cause drooling as well, an example being the ingestion of particularly
high Scoville Unit chili peppers.
Home care Care for drooling due to teething includes
good oral hygiene.
Ice pops or other cold objects may be helpful.
Care must be taken to avoid choking when a child uses any of these objects.
Drooling is also common in children with neurological disorders and those with undiagnosed developmental
delay.
The reason for excessive drooling seems to be related to
Lack of awareness of the build-up of saliva in the mouth,
Infrequent swallowing, Inefficient swallowing,
Impossibility of swallowing by obstructive diseases,
Impossibility of swallowing by neurodegenerative diseases.
Treatment of excessive drooling is related to these causes:
Increased awareness of the mouth and its functions, Increased frequency of swallowing,
Increased swallowing skill, Diminishing of saliva production by the local
use of botulinum toxin A, Surgical interventions in severe cases.
Treatment A comprehensive treatment plan depends from
the etiology and incorporates several stages of care: correction of reversible causes,
behavior modification, medical treatment, and surgical procedures.
Atropine sulfate tablets are used in some circumstances to reduce salivation.
The same for anticholinergic drugs which can be also a benefit because they decrease the
activity of the Acetylcholine Muscarinic Receptors and can result in decreased salivation.
They may be prescribed by doctors in conjunction with behavior modification strategies.
In general, surgical procedures are considered after proper diagnosis of the cause and evaluation
of non-invasive treatment options.
Some drugs had been used as glycopyrrolate and botulinum toxin A.
History Freuds Theory was that drooling occurs when
in a deep sleep and within the first few hours of falling asleep.
This is why those who are affected by the unfortunate disease suffer severe cases while
napping rather than a nights sleep.
See also Slobbers
References
External links NIH site on drooling
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