Hey friends, I'm back with a new English lesson. In today's English speaking lesson I'm going to teach you
how to use the auxiliary verb, do. Now well in today's English lesson you're going to learn how to
use do, does and did, okay. So to use do, we use it in interrogative sentences. Interrogative
means when you ask a question. For example, do you know him? Now what has happened is,
we generally you know we spoke very informally or colloquially. So we have forgotten how
to use the auxiliary verb, do. What we actually do is, we change our tone, we use a different
intonation and ask, you know him? So the opposite person understands that you're asking a question
but actually that is not the correct way to ask a question. Grammatically to form a correct
interrogative sentence, you put the auxiliary verb, do. So do you know him? Now this is
a simple present tense interrogative statement. So when you ask a question in the simple present
tense, you have to use the auxiliary verb, do. Okay now moving on to the next example,
does he work? This is also a simple present tense but we use does for the third person
singular like he, she, it. So I do, you do, he, she does, we do, and they do. There is
no difference between do and does. They both play the role of, or they both are used in
the simple present tense interrogative statement but does is used for the third person. So
he, here is a third person. So you use does. You cannot say, do he work? You can say do
they work? But for a third person please remember you say does he work? Alright so for the simple
present tense interrogative statement, you use do. For I, you, we, they and for the third
person you use does, i.e. for he, she or it, okay.
Did he come yesterday? Now when you ask a question about something relating to the past,
you will use did. Did is the past form of do. Now when you use, did, please remember,
the main verb, always comes in the present or the base form. You cannot say, did he came?
Or did he went? This is wrong because the auxiliary verb or what we can generally the
supporting verb is already in the past tense. So the verb following it always has to come
in the present. So did he come yesterday? This is your simple, this is your simple past
question. Did he come yesterday? Now I hope this is very clear to you. Please remember,
we use do, does or did for interrogative statements in the present and past respectively. I'm
gonna be back and show you more uses of the auxiliary verb, do.
Now let's take a look at do in negative sentences. We use do, when we want to make a negative
statement. For example, I don't know him. So this is a simple present negative statement.
Now what happens is, a lot of people don't use don't and they say I am not know him or
I not know him, which is wrong. You have to use don't in a negative statement for a simple
present tense. Similarly in my next example, he doesn't work. This is also a simple present
but like I said in my earlier examples in interrogative. We use does or doesn't in case
of a third person. Okay so he doesn't work not he not work. This is wrong. Friends, again
please remember do and does or don't and doesn't both are simple present tense use for interrogative
or negative. The only difference is, do is used for I, you, we, they and does is used
for he, she, it, okay. Moving on to the next example, he didn't come
yesterday. Now I’m talking about something in the past. I'm making a negative statement.
So I have to use the auxiliary did which is, did not, okay. So for the simple past, he
did not come. Again please remember, the verb comes in the present form. So please don't
say, he didn't came or he didn't went, he didn't come.
So we took a look at how do is used in negative and interrogative sentences. Now let's see
how we use the auxiliary verb to emphasize an affirmative statement. An affirmative statement
is nothing but a positive statement. For example, you do look tired. Now I can even say, you
look tired but when I want to emphasize, I'll say, you do look tired. So I'm emphasizing
and telling you, that you do look tired. Similarly in my next example, I told him not to go but
he did go. Now here I can even say, I told him not to go but he went. So I'll say but
he went but because I want to emphasize and say despite telling him not to go, he did,
I'll say, I told him not to go but he did go. Please remember the verb after did is
always in the present tense. So but he did go.
Okay now let's take a look at the next condition, imperative sentences. Now what are imperative
sentences? Imperative sentences are basically sentences when you make requests, commands
or orders. You do have a subject like here you have, you, I. here there are no subjects.
So for example, a teacher shouts at her students and tells him, " leave my class." so she says,
“get out of my class." she doesn't say, you get out, she says, get out. So that's
an imperative sentence. She’s making an order and there is no subject, alright. So
here I have two examples, the first one, do be quiet. Now here I can even say, be quiet
but you know when I am persuading an imperative sentence or a request or a command or an order,
it's similar to this you're emphasizing. You’re sounding more persuasive, you say, okay, I'm
gonna be back soon, so do be quiet. Okay so when you persuade someone in an imperative
sentence, you use do. Please remember in imperative sentences, we never use does. It’s always
do. In my next example, do come on time for the meeting. Well, I can even say, come on
time for the meeting tomorrow but when I'm emphasizing, I'm persuading or convincing,
I say, do come on time for the meeting. Now let's take a last condition and how to
use do. Now we also do, when we want to avoid, the repetition of a verb in a sentence. For
example, my friend says, she sings well! Maria sings well and when I agree, I say yes, she
does. Well instead of saying, yes she sings well or just simple, you know, yeah. I say,
yeah she does. So here does, because it's the third person. Now the verb, is sings.
Okay so instead of saying, yes she sings well, does is avoiding the repetition of sings,
fine. In my next example, he likes chocolates, now here the verbs is likes. He likes chocolates
and so do you. So instead of saying, and you like chocolates too, you can say, so do you.
So the auxiliary do is replacing the previous verb, likes in the sentence. So you can say,
so do you. In my third example, do you know him? Instead of saying, yes, I know him, you
say, yes, I do. So here, you is replacing the verb know, that means you do not repeat
the verb, you say, yes I do. or for example, I say, my friend works very hard, so you say,
so do I. so that means you’re replacing do with the previous verb works in this sentence.
So friends this brings me to the end of this lesson, please remember to use do, does and
did correctly. Let’s take a quick recap, we use as an auxiliary verb in negative sentences,
in interrogative, to emphasize and affirmative statement, to avoid repetition of a previous
verb and imperative sentences. I hope you find this lesson useful, please do put in
your comments and queries, if any. I'm gonna be back very soon, till then take care and bye