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hi everybody welcome back to top words
my name is alicia and in this episode
we're going to talk about 10 words for
injuries so let's get started
break fracture
the first word is break or fracture so
these two verbs are used interchangeably
actually they both refer to a broken
bone or a fractured bone so two pieces
of bone become separated or a bone
becomes broken so fractured it comes
apart so to break a bone in present
tense is i broke a bone in past tense
fracture is a regular verb which means
the past tense is fractured so in a
sentence i broke my wrist when i fell
snowboarding
that's true
that's true i broke my wrist when i fell
snowboarding and that inspired today's
lesson
spraying
the next word is spraying spraying to
spraying something refers to a refers to
hurting or to injuring a ligament so a
ligament are these sort of like fibrous
things like kind of
they connect they're the parts of the
body inside your body they connect bones
to muscles or bones to or to like organs
they hold the parts of the body together
inside so a sprain is damaged to a
ligament a sprain so we can say
for example to sprain a part of the body
a specific part of the body
some common examples come from sports
injuries like he sprained his ankle
playing basketball last week or i
sprained my wrist
working in the garden or something i
don't know but i think a sprain happens
when you
push the like the joint or you push that
part of the body
beyond the possible or the reasonable
range of motion so my example sentence i
already said it but he sprained his
ankle at the basketball game last week
bruise
the next word is bruise bruise so a
bruise refers to taking like a taking an
impact something that's not a sharp
impact it's usually like a blunt impact
i suppose i don't know kind of depends
but anyway a bruise we can use it as a
noun or as a verb actually
to bruise something means you damage
usually like this the a certain area of
skin
and blood collects under the skin
creating like a black or blue or maybe
even like greenish color purple maybe to
use it as a noun we can say that that
spot is a bruise we refer to that
damaged area as a bruise to use it as a
verb however we can say i bruised my arm
or i bruised my leg so to bruise
something means to cause damage but it's
like under the skin we can see the color
change because of the damage the blood
collecting there so that's to bruise
something in a sentence i bruised my arm
when i ran into the door
cut
the next word is cut cut so cut is done
with a sharp object a cut a cut refers
to an injury
which causes blood to emerge usually
unless it's a very shallow cut shallow
is the opposite of deep so a cut is
caused by a sharp object so a knife is
probably the most common thing that
comes to mind when talking about cuts
though another very common type of cut
is is called a paper cut as a noun so uh
if you've ever tried to
take a piece of paper and the
piece of paper has kind of
made a small cut on your hand that's
called a paper cut a paper cut so
it's that kind of slice motion that
injures the body is a cut all right in a
sentence be careful not to cut yourself
when using a knife
wound
the next word is wound wound so a wound
is just a place of injury on the body
we have a couple of different words we
can use to be specific about wounds
they're like an open wound and a closed
wound i suppose you could say but
usually people say things like don't
touch open wounds so an open wound is
usually like a fresh wound so something
has been recently damaged on the body
recently injured and the wound is fresh
maybe we can see blood or maybe we can
see into the body or something that's
considered an open wound so a closed
wound would be perhaps a wound which has
been fixed by a doctor or for small
wounds like maybe
the body has created a new layer over
the top of the wound that's called a
scab you you scabs you
but that's that's not an open wound then
but we should still care for it so a
wound is a place on the body that is
injured in some way a wound that's used
as a noun we can also use wound as a
verb which means
to hurt something like um i wounded my
arm but wound is not so common i think
in everyday speech instead we use the
verb hurt i hurt my arm but i'll talk
more about this later so in a sentence
don't touch open wounds
injure
the next word is injure injure so i've
been talking a little bit about the word
injure to injure means to hurt a part of
the body so to injure your arm to injure
your head to injure your neck these mean
uh to take damage on that part of the
body to injure something um so it's
typically a bad thing to injure
something
the noun form of this word is injury
injury so i have an injury we use this
word more with uh like perhaps sports i
guess military i guess so um but for for
every day like just small
i don't know for small injuries i
suppose like paper cuts for example or
like maybe a cooking
accident um i suppose we don't really
say injury we will say we'll use the
verb um hurt actually again i'll talk
about that word a little later but
injury injury is damaged taking damage
to a part of the body in a sentence she
injured her shoulder this morning
tear
the next word is tear tear be careful
this word is spelled t-e-a-r it looks
like tear
but used as a verb it is tear tear to
talk about an injury so a tear if you
can imagine like a piece of paper when
we want to
separate it into two pieces we can tear
the piece of paper now imagine that same
idea but with a muscle in the body so a
muscle tear refers to that kind of
damage to the muscle so quite painful i
think you can imagine so to tear a
muscle uh requires yeah some serious
recovery time i imagine i have never
torn a muscle yeah that's a good point
the past participle form is torn torn
have you ever torn a muscle
uh or in the past tense the past tense
is tor i tore my shoulder muscle last
week i don't know
awful awful in a sentence tearing a
muscle is painful
pull
pull pull so we use pull again with
muscles but this is different from tear
so tetera muscle refers to this kind of
break motion so to pull a muscle means
to stretch a muscle too much so it's the
muscle is like just taken beyond
uh its limits essentially and so it kind
of causes some discomfort there's kind
of a bad feeling in the muscle
uh in a sentence i think i pulled a
muscle ouch
dislocate
dislocate dislocate so here we see the
word locate referring to location and
dis this which means not in other words
so to dislocate something
refers to removing a part of the body
from its correct position and shifting
it slightly so this is something that
you hear uh with joints so a joint
is a part of the body where two things
come together so for example a shoulder
we can talk about the shoulder and
dislocate together so if we say a
sentence like i think i dislocated my
shoulder maybe the correct position of
part of the shoulder is to fit into
another bone like this but maybe
dislocating the shoulder means like it
moved this way or i don't know how to
dislocate a shoulder but either way the
correct position is here the dislocated
position is maybe here or here i don't
know
so the bone is not broken there's no
crack there's no break there it's just a
shift in position so the word we use is
dislocate to dislocate something in a
sentence he dislocated his shoulder and
popped it back into place
hurt
hurt to hurt something i've talked about
this verb a few times already in this
lesson but to hurt means to injure or to
wound it's like the very general verb
that we can use to describe all damage
to the body so hurt generally means kind
of a small injury like ah i hurt my
finger i slammed it in the door or i
think i hurt my arm playing tennis last
week we usually use this for kind of
minor injuries not such big injuries so
in this case for example if i say i hurt
my wrist it sounds a little too minor
actually this is probably a more severe
injury i would probably say yeah i i
broke my wrist i would use something
very specific instead of hurt to prefer
more generally to just small everyday
damage to the body you can say hurt
we also use this word to refer to pain
in the body too like ow my arm hurts ow
my wrist hurts instead of saying painful
we use the verb hertz more often so it's
less natural to say my wrist is so
painful instead we say my wrist hurts it
hurts is better than painful
so try that out in a sentence
i hurt myself a lot
on accident so those are 10 words you
can use to talk about injuries i hope
that that's helpful for you and now you
have some specific vocabulary to talk
about the various ways we can damage our
body if you have any questions or
comments or if you want to share about a
time you were injured please let us know
in the comments section below this video
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resources thanks very much for watching
this episode of top words and i will see
you again soon bye bye
it's kind of a terrible image
a terrible image
i'm very sorry okay we can call that a
noun
we can call that a noun this is a noun
no it's a purple noun
i gave myself a purple noun when i ran
into the door
[Music]
you