Discovered Most horrible and fascinating planet in the universe
So basically this is a rogue planet. This object is located 20 light-years
away from the sun and doesn't have its own star. We could say it is an orphan.
However, even if there is no star lighting it up, the sky is not as dark as it may seem.
Bright flashes light it up every now and then. This rogue planet is
12 times more massive than Jupiter, and its magnetic field is 200 times more powerful,
and this is what creates such amazing phenomena, like, for example, northern lights.
In this video, you will find out how a planet can be ice cold and extremely hot at the same time,
and that there are planets in which rain falls upside down.
And, most importantly, we will understand that we live in a crazy, beautiful universe.
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First thing first: which planet do you think is the most fascinating one?
Let's take a look at this one.
Planet Earth.
This is a mind-blowing planet, it is really a piece of art.
On his surface, you can find a lot of water, as well as mountains and rocks.
The temperature on this planet is quite acceptable and it seems to have developed
all the conditions to support life, but, most importantly, this is
the only planet on which you can find Coke. That's what makes it even more beautiful.
The inhabitants of planet earth take everyday pictures of landscapes and
panoramic views and share them with friends on social media.
Who knows what would happen if those inhabitants, called humans,
knew that there is actually a better planet where they can take selfies.
Cherry Blossom
This planet is known as Cherry Blossom,
and if we could travel to this giant planet, we would see a world still glowing from the heat
of its formation with a colour reminiscent of a dark cherry blossom, a dull magenta.
This is exactly what Michael McElwain, from NASA Discovery Team, said.
Cherry blossom planet,’ also known as exoplanet GJ 504B is supposedly the youngest & smallest planet
discovered around a star that resembles a sun (similar to our solar system.)
Look at it! It's so pinky! Imagine taking a picture of its surface. It would hit differently.
Cherry blossom lies something like 57 million light-years away from the Earth,
and it is orbiting the star Gliese 504, also called 59 Virginis.
Mega Saturn
But another fascinating planet could be Mega Saturn.
It is located about 400 light-years from us. It is called so because, just like Saturn,
it shows rings. But...they are huge rings. The gas giant's rings are almost 200 hundred times
bigger in size than those Saturn. They are so huge that, seen from earth,
this planet completely eclipses its host star when it crosses our line of sight.
Even if you had the fastest of rockets, it will take you more than two years to reach one of the
edges of its rings. But what a view, from there! Can you imagine? You would wake up and,
looking up, you would see such rings covering the sky completely. What a dream!
HD 131399AB
Another fantastic view, however, could be given by the planet HD 131399AB,
situated 320 light-years from us. What makes this planet so special is the fact
that it is orbiting a triple star system. Imagine you orbiting three Suns,
instead of just one. This would affect seasons,
day and night, and our orbit would be really different from what we are used to here on Earth.
In general, such planets are destined to take unpredictable paths and then leave the system.
Maybe, it will eventually become a rogue planet. This is because orbits in a triple star system
are really chaotic and unstable, and basically, everything could happen.
You should know that, on this planet, you would wait something like a hundred years for
all the stars to settle, and therefore you would have a complete sunset every century.
And you should of course wait the same amount of time to have one night.
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What about the surfaces of exoplanets?
Are there some strange exoplanets with unusual surfaces?
Well, for example, we could start from Venus in our solar system.
Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is Earth’s closest
planetary neighbour. It’s one of the four inner, terrestrial (or rocky) planets,
and it’s often called Earth’s twin because it’s similar in size and density.
These are not identical twins, however – there are radical differences between the two worlds.
Venus has a thick, toxic atmosphere filled with carbon dioxide and it’s perpetually shrouded in
thick, yellowish clouds of sulfuric acid that trap heat, causing a runaway greenhouse effect.
It’s the hottest planet in our solar system, even though Mercury is closer to the Sun.
Surface temperatures on Venus are about 900 degrees Fahrenheit (475 degrees Celsius) – so hot!
The surface is a rusty colour and it’s peppered with intensely crunched mountains and
thousands of large volcanoes. Scientists think it’s possible some volcanoes are still active.
Kepler-10B
Going out of our solar system, we find planets such as Kepler 10B,
560 light-years away from us. It is way hotter than Venus,
and its effective temperature (which means, its surface temperature) it's estimated to
be 3 times that of Venus. It is literally a giant hell furnace, with 1500 degrees celsius.
Of course, we couldn't resist there, not even for a second! The planet is so hot
because the planet is 20 times closer to its host star than Mercury is to our sun.
The discovery is significant because it is the first rocky exoplanet discovered
until January 2011, and also the smallest of the exoplanets discovered until that date.
Data on mass, diameter and revolution were obtained by studying the luminous eclipses and
gravitational perturbations of the star around which the planet orbits.
Gliese 581 C
Astronomer Udry discovered, in 2007, a cool planet, called Gliese 581 c.
It is an exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf Gliese 581, which is a faint
star in the Libra constellation, about 20 light-years away from us.
It is classified among the super earth, and what makes it so special
is that it is considered to orbit into the habitable zone of its planetary system.
It constantly shows one side to its host star, just as the moon does with the Earth.
This phenomenon is known as “tidal lock”.
The models developed on the evolution of the orbit of Gliese 581 c over time suggest that the tidal
warming resulting from the lock would play an important role in the geology of the planet.
Such models predict that tidal warming would fuel a surface heat flux
three times greater than that exerted by Jupiter on its satellite Io, resulting in significant
geological activity possibly characterized by plate tectonics and intense volcanism
If you land on the light side of it, temperatures are so hot that you would probably instantly melt,
but on the other side, temperatures are so cool that you would probably instantly...freeze.
This means that, even if the planet is said to be Habitable,
only a tiny strip on its surface would be good for life as we know it to grow and develop.
It has indeed an unusual surface!
But don't worry, one day we will develop a technology to both reach that planet
and be able to survive there. I mean, once we landed on that strip, everything will be fine.
Instead, what are the planets with the most extreme weather conditions?
Here on Earth, we can have rain, storms, snow,
Earthquakes, tsunamis and so on. On earth, it rains water.
But what if I told you that this is not the only option?
Slasher Planet
In this image, the nightmare world of HD 189733 b
is the killer you never see coming. To the human eye, this far-off planet looks bright blue.
But any space traveller confusing it with the friendly skies of Earth would be
badly mistaken. The weather in this world is deadly. Its winds blow up to 5,400 mph (2 km/s)
at seven times the speed of sound, whipping all would-be travellers in a sickening spiral around
the planet. And getting caught in the rain on this planet is more than an inconvenience; it’s
death by a thousand cuts. This scorching alien world possibly rains glass—sideways—in its howling
winds. The cobalt blue colour comes not from the reflection of a tropical ocean, as on Earth, but
rather a hazy, blow-torched atmosphere containing high clouds laced with silicate particles.
In its atmosphere, there is a lot of silicates. Under the influence of the heat given by the
nearby star, they evaporate and produce gas clouds which, after cooling down, produce precipitations.
On this planet, you would find yourself dealing with a cascade of blue drops of glass.
That's why astronomers refer to it as the slasher planet.
HAT-P-7B
But this is not the end of the story. On this planet, called Sapphire Slasher,
or HAT-P-7B, something unusual happens as well. Guess what?
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It rains diamonds.
Unfortunately for us humans, it’s 1,000 light-years away.
HAT-P-7b is a tidally locked planet, with the same side always facing its star.
We expect clouds to form on the cold night side of the planet, but they would evaporate quickly
on the hot dayside….These results show that strong winds circle the planet, transporting
clouds from the night side to the dayside. The winds change speed dramatically, leading to huge
cloud formations building up then dying away. However, observing HAT-P-7b through a telescope
might be the closest we’ll ever get to it: The exoplanet’s surface temperatures reach
4,532 degrees Fahrenheit, and it’s wracked by violent windstorms.
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This was pretty much what we had to say about these unusual exoplanets.
As you can see, in the end, the universe is always more creative than we expect.
Our craziest fantasies are nothing compared to what we can actually discover
studying the universe. This is exactly what
makes it beautiful, and unique. And, as long as we are able to observe
and be amazed by such things, we can definitely tell we've been lucky.
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