hello everyone how are you today ? This is Marc - I'm doing great thanks for asking
I'm going to visit Milan next weekend - I wonder will it rain ? will it be safe ? in
this lesson I'm going to delve into the difference between going to and will - so
stay tuned - right so be going to and will let's look at first the timeline if you
have a horizontal line I divided it with a vertical line that represents now on
the left hand side you have the past and on the right hand side you have the
future - it will be a cross in the past because it will be a plan for an effect
in the future - I'm going to get to that in just one second - but let's look at
the different types of formulas we have the subject for a positive sentence then
we have be going to - the verb to be you need to conjugate it - then we have
the base of the verb then the object and then the time expression - for a negative
sentence you need the subject first obviously - then you need be plus not so
the verb to be plus not then you need going to then the base of the verb and then
the object for an interrogative sentence you need WH question word if there is
then you need the verb to be then the subject then going to then the base of
the verb and then whatever there's next - so when do we use be going ? first you
need to know that these two tenses can be used
with the first conditional actually they are mostly used with the first
conditional - if you want to watch a lesson on the first conditional you may
click here - now going back to be going to - we use it for plans and intentions so to
talk about an action that was planned previously for a future effect so
for example - I'm going to visit Milan next weekend I said at the beginning
right - so if you have the timeline I have here the horizontal timeline first in
the past I decided I want to visit Milan - then I plan my trip you can see it right
here - this would be now right here would be now and then I visit Milan
I am going to visit Milan in the future - so first I want to visit then I
plan the trip and then I visit Milan - so it's an action that it was previously
planned for an effect in the future - the second usage is for predictions
based on evidence on evidence for example - look at the dog ! it's going to
attack her ! so right now I look at the dog and I'm predicting he is going to
attack a person so I say look at the dog is going to attack her at that moment
it's a prediction based on evidence because I see it happening or for
example I see my neighbor by the window and he is going to buzz me any minute so
I see the neighbor walking and going to buzz me any minute so it's a prediction
on evidence - the last point that I want to mention is GONNA I'm sure you
heard it on songs for example or when people speak colloquially well
GOONA is slang but according to Professor Curzan from University of
Michigan GONNA is taking another meaning - let's take a look at the two examples I
gave you here - if I said I'm going to buy some milk this implies movement came it
implies movement if I said instead I'm gonna buy some milk it implies
commitment - at some time in the future obviously we're talking about the future
so this is more a commitment GONNA and going to implies movement but this is
slang so I I recommend you learn going to - now for will instead we use it for a
future action that I decided at the moment of speaking
just like my timeline we have the horizontal line like before that is
divided in two past and future and the vertical line is now so we have the
cross here at the crossroads of now and the horizontal line and then a cross
in the future so I decide right now let's look at the different types of
sentences so for a positive sentence we need the subject plus will plus the base
of the verb then the object and then whatever the time expression then for a
negative sentence we need the subject plus will plus not so it would be won't
plus the base of the verb plus the object and then the time expression if
any - for interrogative sentence we need the wh question word if any
and we need will then the subject and then the base of the verb and then whatever
it's next - I want to say that will is used when you want to use will is usually
contracted into I'll just like my examples I will explain to you just in a minute
just to remind you that will is used for the first conditional so the first usage
of will is for voluntary decisions and promises - like my example I'll I'll be
careful while in Milan so this is a decision that I'm saying right now for
the future right I'm saying it right now for the future - I'll be careful while in
Milan or He'll help you with your homework
he'll help you with your homework - this is it promise so voluntary decisions and
promises the second usage is for possibility like my example will it rain
in Milan ? I don't know but will it rain ? it could be nice will
it be safe ? this is another example will it be safe ? now
usually it is usually used with think reckon guess etc - for example I think we'll
live on Mars by 2050 - this is a prediction but not based on evidence but
it's just what I think it will happen by 2050 - now the third usage is for habits
that are predictable for example she just won't listen to my advice - she just
refuses to listen to my advice - now the second example John will fall
asleep when watching movies - this is a habit so He watches movies he falls
asleep every time so - John will fall asleep when watching movies now let's
recap ! - in this lesson we talked about the difference between will and be going to
we use be going to for plans and intentions and also for predictions
based on evidence I also talked about gonna watch the lesson again if you missed
that part instead we use will for voluntary positions and promises
possibility and predictions not based on evidence but also we use it for habits
that are predictable that's it for today thank you very much for watching if you
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day and see you next week take care bye bye