hello everyone and welcome back to
english with lucy today i have a video
for you on shoulda woulda and kuda or
actually should've would've and could've
now i cannot claim any of the glory for
this video this video idea was from my
husband-to-be he was listening to the
shoulda woulda coulda song on holiday
and had a brainwave and told me that i
should make this video and i can't
believe i haven't made it before these
are such important words that you must
learn to use should have would have and
could have a past modal's used
hypothetically and this can be quite
confusing so i'm really happy that i can
take the time today to clarify it for
you ah and don't forget there is a quiz
at the end of the lesson and i'm very
much looking forward to seeing your
answers in the comment section down
below quickly before we get started i
would just like to thank the sponsor of
today's video it's lingo de with the
language sprint do you want to rapidly
improve your speaking skills your
confidence and boost your fluency what
if i told you you could do this in just
three months and earn up to a 100%
refund this opportunity is called the
language sprint promotion previously
known as then in go to language marathon
you can join the sprint in english
french spanish german and business
english you take a class every day for 3
months that's 30 classes per month if
you do the super sprint or there is the
option of the standard sprint which is
15 classes per month
I've tried lingo to myself and I was
blown away by the experience lingo des
is also now an authorized linguist kill
agent for Cambridge Assessment English
which is incredible if Cambridge
approves they're pretty good all
teachers are qualified native speakers
and you take classes at your convenience
anytime anywhere as long as you have a
stable internet connection group sizes
are small with an average class size of
just three students you study a
structured curriculum and all of your
learning materials are provided this
sprint starts on the
29th of January 2020 and finishes on the
27th of April 2020 you have to
participate in an agreed number of
classes every month in order to succeed
you can only take one class per day
every day now originally lingo de we're
going to close the gates to the sprint
on the 19th of December but they've
decided to give you more time so now you
can sign up until the 27th of January
after registering for the sprint you
automatically sign up for a three-month
long subscription but you can get a 10
euro discount on your first month of the
sprint by using my code last call six
upon registration you agree to make one
payment a month for three months
breaking down the initial cost however
if you complete the Sprint by following
the rules and attending and
participating in every class you will
receive a 100% refund how motivating is
that for a language challenge study hard
enough get your money back graduates of
previous lingo de language challenges
have said that properly reading the
rules is the key to getting that refund
more than 20,000 students have
participated in six similar lingo de
language challenges over the past three
years for many it has completely
transformed their lives allowing them to
advance in their career travel all over
the world and meet new people they've
shared their life-changing experience
with lingo de and you can read about it
on their website I've got some posts
linked down below I'd also encourage you
to visit their Instagram page where you
can read more inspiring stories so do
you want to transform your speaking
skills and your confidence quickly click
on the link in the description box and
use my code last call six for 10 euros
off your first month's right let's get
back to the lesson should have would
have and could have we often use these
words to express regret to show that we
are unhappy with a decision or action
and wish that we had done something
differently
I'm going to give you a brief overview
so you get a general understanding and
then we're going to look a little bit
deeper into shoulda woulda coulda should
have would have and code
what's the difference between should've
would've could've and should have would
have and could have well apostrophe ve
is just the contracted form of half it
makes it easier to say shoulda woulda
and khuda' is slang do not use it in an
English exam for my initial examples I'm
going to use driving exams because I
found learning to drive to be very very
difficult I really really struggled and
I know a lot of you struggle with
English so I think it's a similar
concept I found it very difficult to
learn to drive and I failed my first two
driving exams I do think that learning
to drive is like learning a language
you can't just study loads and pick it
up in one day it's a slow process and
some people are naturally better at it
than others
but nearly everyone is capable of
learning to drive confidently and almost
everyone is capable of learning to speak
English confidently so let's look at an
action or decision and its outcome the
action is that I didn't practice enough
I didn't practice enough the outcome I
failed my driving test I failed my
driving test I didn't practice enough so
I failed my driving test this is totally
true it's exactly what happened my
driving instructor was disappointed in
me and he said you should have practiced
more you should have practiced more we
use should have and past participle when
something would have been a good idea
but we didn't do it
practicing more would have been a good
idea but I didn't do it and he said to
me you should have practiced more he
also said you could have practiced more
but you didn't
you could have practiced more but you
didn't we use could have and past
participle when something was possible
in the past but we didn't do it it was
possible for me to practice more but I
didn't do it I was able to practice more
I had the ability to practice more but I
didn't he also said to me if you had
practiced more you would have passed the
exam if you had practiced
more you would have passed the exam we
use would have and past participle as
part of the third conditional if plus
past perfect if you had practiced then
would have and past participle you would
have passed this is used to describe a
situation that didn't happen and to
imagine the results of this situation
now let's look a little deeper and
analyze some more examples let's take a
look at should've as I said before we
use should have and past participle when
something would have been a good idea
but you didn't do it when we use it to
talk about someone else it's like giving
advice an example you should have asked
me I have loads of butter I'm sort of
giving advice here next time they need
butter they should call me because I
have loads when we use it to talk about
ourselves
it's like expressing regret an example I
should have asked before going home
early I'm expressing regret I regret
leaving early without permission now
there is another use for should have and
past participial slightly less common
but important all the same it's used to
talk about something that if everything
has gone as expected we think has
already happened now we aren't a hundred
percent certain that everything has gone
as expected so instead of using the
present perfect or the past simple we
use should have this will be much more
clear in an example I'll give that next
but just a quick note we often use
should have in this way with by now
first example William should have
finished work by now if everything is as
expected
Will has finished work or George's bus
should have arrived by now if everything
is as expected
George's bus has arrived now there is
another context for this we can use this
to talk about something that would have
happened if everything went as expected
but it hasn't I'm standing on a train
platform
I'm waiting for a train to leave but it
hasn't I could say the train should have
left by now
now what about shouldn't have and the
past participle we use this to talk
about something that wasn't a good idea
but we did it anyway for example I
shouldn't have called my ex-boyfriend
last night this is just an example don't
worry I'm not calling ex-boyfriends I
knew it was a bad idea but I did it
anyway and I regret it or another common
one oh you shouldn't have bought us
gifts a very common expression when you
give someone a gift is oh you shouldn't
have that's their response to the gift
this means you really didn't need to it
wasn't expected it's a positive response
not a negative one so don't worry if
someone says you shouldn't have when you
give them something
now what about could have and the past
participle we use could have and the
past participle when something was
possible in the past but you didn't do
it for example I could have gone to work
but I decided to stay in bed and watch
Love Actually I watched that the other
day it's so good going to work was
possible but I didn't do it
or I could have studied more but I was
too busy partying it was possible for me
to study more but I didn't we also used
could have and the past participle when
we are trying to make a guess about
something that happened in the past this
is hypothetical we don't know if what we
are saying is true or not it's just our
opinion for example if somebody asks why
is James so late to this meeting we
could offer various opinions he could
have overslept he could have missed the
bus he could have mysteriously died all
very valid opinions so what about
couldn't have plus the past participle
this means that something wasn't
possible in the past even if we had
wanted to do it for example I couldn't
have left any earlier it was impossible
for me to leave any earlier or a really
nice one she couldn't have been happier
with her present it was impossible for
have been any happier you often hear a
lot of married couples saying I couldn't
have asked for a better husband or I
couldn't have asked for a better partner
in crime that seems to be something that
everyone's saying all the time in crime
I'm sure I've said it somewhere on my
Instagram now let's discuss would have
and the past participle
if plus past perfect and then would have
on the past participle we're describing
a situation that didn't happen and
imagining the result of the situation if
she had refused a starter she would have
had room for dessert or a negative
version if I hadn't gone to university I
wouldn't have become a doctor there is
another use of would have and the past
participle we use it to talk about
something we wanted to do but didn't
it's very similar to the third
conditional but we don't use an if
clause an example I would have visited
you more often but I was too busy with
work or she would have texted me but her
phone was out of battery right I hope
that is clear now for you if it's not
feel free to ask any questions down
below in the comment section but before
you do that we have a quiz very
important again I'd love you to share
your answers or try and correct as many
as I can but feel free to correct each
other so for these it's a
multiple-choice quiz and you have to
pick the best fit sometimes there are
multiple options but I want the best fit
number one you seen him in the
supermarket he was with me you seen him
in the supermarket he was with me is it
couldn't have shouldn't have or wouldn't
have
number two yes I know I studied last
night but I did an escape room instead
yes I know I studied last night but I
did an escape room instead is it could
have should have or would have number
three I being happy to have you stay why
didn't you ask I been happy to have you
stay why didn't you ask is it could have
should have or would have number four
you left the party so early it was
really rude you left the party so early
it was really rude is it couldn't have
shouldn't have or wouldn't have and the
last one number five if you had trained
more thoroughly you completed the
marathon if you had trained more
thoroughly you completed the marathon is
it could have should have or would have
right that's it for today's lesson don't
forget to share your test results down
below if you are interested in the
language sprint and want to sign up you
can click on the link in the description
box and use my code last call six for a
10 euro discount on your first month
don't forget to connect with me on all
of my social media I've got my facebook
my Instagram my Twitter and my personal
channel called Lucy Bella Elle
I will see you soon for another lesson
[Music]