the iotabury class now designated as the
guevla class is little known but it is a
noteworthy figure of the swedish navy
four corvettes of this class have broken
many grounds in the naval history of
sweden
until the wispy class emerged they were
the most advanced surface combatants of
this baltic country
now we are investigating the otabori
class a small book that summarizes the
history of modern swedish navy
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[Music]
indeed the ottobar class has been
present in the swedish navy's essential
milestones over the past 40 years
these small fast and deadly surface
combatants were the first of the swedish
navy in many areas
the events that prepared the emergence
of the iotabury class date back to the
late 1960s
due to its highly strategic position
sweden was under the threat of soviet
invasion during the first cold war but
this country which had 450 295 square
kilometers of area had a critically
small population
to balance the massive soviet army
sweden had built up one of the most
powerful air forces in the world
also in contrast to the limited human
power of the country the swedish army
was sizable
protecting over 3200 kilometers of
coastline was another problem
so stockholm had also built up a
relatively big navy consisting of major
surface combatants
it was an unbearable burden for sweden
in terms of economy and human resources
so in the late 1960s stockholm decided
to follow the norwegian way and began to
replace its major surface competence
with fast attack craft equipped with
torpedoes and anti-ship missiles
as a first step hms utahlong cruiser was
decommissioned and sold to chile in
1971.
during the 1970s sweden built no new
frigate or destroyers to replace the old
ones
in 1982 the last holland and osteoporin
destroyers and wisby-class frigates were
decommissioned
but a year earlier the soviet whisky
class submarine s-363 unofficially named
as u-137 by the swedish had run aground
outside scarce kruna in 1981.
it was not the first
since the early 1960s both soviet and
nato submarines had occasionally
violated swedish territorial waters and
these incidents would continue after
1981
but the s-363 showed that the swedish
navy was seriously lacking in its
anti-submarine warfare shortly sw
capacity
but as mentioned before in 1982 sweden
now had only missile boats as the
surface combatants
so stockholm decided to modify the
previous white attack 81 missile boat
project
the new vessel would now be a small sw
corvette the fruit of this project hms
stockholm was laid down in 1982 and
commissioned in 1986.
her sister hms malmet was also taken
into service in the same year
the stockholm class vessels were the
same size and appearance as missile
boats but they had high asw capability
which other small size corvettes of that
time didn't
in the early 1980s israel had modified
some of its r4 class missile boats for
the asw missions
but the stockholm class had been
designed as an asw corvette from the
beginning
however after a short time the naval
engineers met the new technologies such
as waterjet's propulsion systems which
offered higher shallow water operation
capability and stealth ship design
so sweden decided to develop new
corvettes which incorporate these
features
also the pizza class torpedo boats were
close to the end of their useful lives
thus stockholm initiated the kkv 90
project to replace them the fruit of
this program hms yotavori was laid down
on february 10 1986 launched on april 13
1989 and commissioned on february 15
1990 but due to the prolonging trials
the corvette did not become fully
operational until 1991.
the last corvette hms sans one was
launched in 1991 and commissioned in
1993.
initially the swedish navy planned to
have six utimori class vessels but the
collapse of the soviet union in 1991
changed the threat perceptions and the
car screw in a varvat a b shipyard
today's sub cocoons only built four of
them
stockholm canceled the construction of
the last two corvettes hms helsin bori
and hms hermessond
also sweden had already launched the
highly advanced experimental stealth
surface combatant hms milga in 1991.
the experience gained from this ship
paved the way for the development of the
wisby-class corvette
the first vessel of this class hms wispy
was laid down in 1995.
so to continue building the otobori
class lost its meaning
the hull is made of steel the
superstructure is made of aluminum
alloys
the radar cross-section and infrared
signature of the vessel are
significantly low
it has a fin stabilizer for better
seawardiness
but the yotamori class is designed for
particularly literal water operations
so these corvettes have water jets which
offers high speed and better
maneuverability on shallow waters
the otabari class is the first surface
combatant of the swedish navy with this
type of propulsion system
hms yotobori and hms kalmar were
decommissioned and mothballed in 2007.
so the swedish navy has redesignated the
remaining two corvettes hms gavel and
hms sans one as the gavel class
therefore we will now proceed with the
definition of the gavla class
the complement of the gavel class is 40
percent the corvette has a length of 57
meters a beam of 8 meters and a drought
of 2 meters
its fully loaded displacement is 400
tons
the propulsion system consists of 3 2
800 horsepower mtu 16v 396 tb94 diesel
engines and two kamewa
805326 waterjets
its maximum speed is 32 knots
the range is over 3 700 kilometers in
other words two thousand nautical miles
the gambler class has eight rbs 15
anti-ship missiles one 57 millimeter sak
mark iii and one 40 millimeter l70 gun
four 400 millimeter torpedo tubes and
two 12.7 millimeter machine guns
it also has the capability of launching
depth charges and laying c mines
saab carkins modernized hms scheduler
and hms salesman in 2019 and 2020 and
equip them with a new and advanced
combat system
the combat management systems of these
corvettes can evaluate one or more
threats and automatically initiate
appropriate countermeasures or weapon
systems without human control
the gh band cgraf 150 hc radar of the
gebla class has a range of 150
kilometers and it can simultaneously
track more than 30 air targets and more
than 50 surface targets
the corvette also has the pn 61
navigation and 9 gr 400 fire control
radars that are i-band
the sd-2400 towed medium frequency
variable depth sonar has replaced the
former
tsm-2643 salmon of the gelatos
the shallow water's performance of the
new sonar is much higher than the
previous one the corvette can deploy the
sd-2400 during the high-speed
maneuvering or stop
the sonar has omni and sector
transmission electronic map overlay
sound propagation model advanced
tracking and detection
for the detection of the moored and
bottom mines the gela class has been
equipped with the bow mounted simrad
sa950 active high resolution multi-beam
sector scanning sonar these corvettes
have the multi-ammunition soft-kill
system shortly mass for self-defense
systems
it can protect the vessel from anti-ship
missile attacks by launching decoys that
operate in all relevant wavelengths of
the electromagnetic spectrum such as
ultraviolet electro optical laser
infrared and radar
the rbs 15 mark ii has an advanced
guidance system that allows radar seeker
to be used effectively even when the
missile conducted ag erasing maneuvers
it has a composite fuselage which
reduces the radar cross-section and
infrared signature
the mark ii variant of the rbs 15 which
is a 200 kilogram high explosive blast
and pre-fragmented warhead can reach a
range of 150 kilometers
the 57 millimeter sak mark 3 has a rate
of fire of 200 rounds per minute and a
maximum effective range of 17 000 meters
the gun housed inside the stealthy
turret can be operated by either a three
person crew manually or by radar
direction
the 40 millimeter l70 gun is housed
inside a glass reinforced plastic turret
and it has a practical rate of fire of
300 rounds per minute
its maximum effective range is 12 500
meters against surface targets and 6 900
meters for air targets
the former asw 601 incident weapon of
the gavila class is a unique asw system
as mentioned before the rogue submarines
have accidentally or purposely violated
the swedish territorial waters
the swedish navy needed a new type of
asw weapon to avoid a big international
crisis
this system would not sink the invader
but force it to surface
saw ballforce dynamics developed the lls
920 alma to answer this requirement
its advanced variant asw 601 has nine
barrel grenade launchers adjusted
automatically depending on target data
from sensors like sonar
the 5.7 kilogram asw grenades have a
range of 450 meters
their shape charged warheads penetrate
the submarine's pressure hull
these small holes do not destroy the
target but force it to surface
the asw 601 can also launch counter
measure decoys
the system has been dismounted from the
gavila class but it can easily be fitted
again on demand
there are four 400 millimeter torpedo
tubes all on the starboard side and one
pair is abreast the bridge and the other
pair on the quarter deck
they launch the tp-45s aft at an angle
about 20 degrees to the center line
this homing torpedo has a speed of 35
knots and a range of nearly 20
kilometers
following the 2006 lebanon war hms gavel
and hms salesman took part in the united
nations operations off the coast of
lebanon in 2006 and 2007 respectively
the swedish ground troops and combat
aircraft had been deployed and even
fought abroad before
but this mission has made the gevlaklas
the first modern swedish surface
combatant which participated in sea's
military operation
the gavla class also participated in the
submarine hunt in the swedish
territorial waters in 2014.
on october 17 the swedish navy launched
a large military operation to search for
an allegedly damaged rogue submarine in
columbus fjarden the stockholm
archipelago
the intelligence had intercepted
encrypted transmissions sent on an
emergency radio frequency used by
russian units
the so-called message had been sent to
the russian baltic fleet headquarters in
kaliningrad meanwhile the russian oil
tanker anna's concord was spotted
outside stockholm
she should have been the mother ship of
smaller underwater vehicles for a
possible rescue operation
another russian vessel equipped with a
submarine holding bay rv professor
logachev research ship was also in the
area
besides various sources claimed that
there was a visual evidence for the
submarine
the fourth naval warfare flotilla of the
swedish navy including the gela class
corvettes searched for six days but
could not find it
since the end of the first cold war the
surface fleet had shrunk from 34
warships to only 9.
sweden had retired the c212 maritime
patrol asw aircraft locally designated
as sh-89 in 2005 without replacement
the aw109s of the navy locally
designated as hkp-15b had limited asw
capability
so this incident convinced the swedish
parliament of the necessity of
increasing the defense budget
but as you might have noticed we used
the word allegedly claim and so-called
russia had denied its involvement in the
incident from the beginning
in 2019 some swedish newspapers
published a different story
this one had not been at all what it
seemed
according to the information from the
official authorities the allegedly
visual evidence had belonged to a
swillian workboat
also the intercepted transmissions had
come from a malfunctioned sauna buoy
despite the truth behind this incident
the increasing russian aggression is a
reality
so the alleged submarine hunt in 2014
acted as a catalyst for the swedish
politicians to accept this fact
and the gela class was also present at
this momentous milestone
these corvettes achieved many
technological firsts in the swedish navy
they took part in sweden's first
overseas naval operation the gerla class
has given 110 percent to protect its
country's territorial waters
maybe these corvettes don't have
brilliant combat achievements but the
gela class deserves to be a legend in
swedish naval history
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