(soft piano music)
>> Narrator: In his letter to the board of trustees,
Mr. Johns Hopkins stipulates that the medical school
will be part of the hospital, making Johns Hopkins
a teaching hospital.
At the opening of the university, its first president
decrees small class to enhance the education it provides.
Pathologist William Henry Welch launches
the first postgraduate medical training program
in the country.
William Henry Welch becomes the medical school's first dean.
William Osler is the first director
of the Department of Medicine and the key developer
of the School of Medicine's first curriculum.
Among other requirements, she sets the country's
strictest admission standards and stipulates
that women will be admitted on a equal basis as men.
The founding four physicians and other faculty
welcome the first class, consisting of 18 students
including three women, a phenomenal rarity
at a time when women were barred from most medical schools.
William Halsted introduces an operative course
for third-year medical students,
developing new surgical techniques.
The first graduating class of the school of medicine
includes 14 men and one woman.
Osler insists on teaching medical students, residents,
and fellows at the bedside, which becomes
one of his greatest contributions
to American medical education.
Harvey Cushing, a protege of William Halsted,
opens the first experimental surgery lab in the nation.
Procedures pioneered here would become standard practice
in other medical schools.
The 337 page Flexner Report cites the medical school
as the exemplar of medical education,
launching a nationwide reform.
Founded by medical illustrator, Max Brodel,
it is the first of its kind in the country,
providing profound insights on anatomy
and operative procedures previously unavailable.
Considered the mother of occupational therapy,
Eleanor Clarke Slagle becomes the director
of the the Department of Occupational Therapy.
Under the direction of Adolf Meyer,
the world's first psychobiologist,
the clinic launches a brilliant teaching program,
linking psychiatry with neurology.
Working in the laboratory of William Henry Howell,
Jay McLean discovers a substance in the liver
that stops blood from coagulating,
which proves vital for preventing dangerous blood clots.
32 medical seniors, physicians, and other personnel
open the first university-affiliated medical unit
to enter World War I.
While serving in France, the 30 surviving students
received their medical degrees in April 1918.
The opening of a multi-million dollar 14-building college
is based on the principles of the Johns Hopkins Hospital
and School of Medicine.
The Wilmer Eye Institute opens
the first university eye clinic to combine patient care,
research, and teaching under one roof.
Home of the Institute of the History of Medicine
and the Department of the History of Medicine,
it is the first academic department of medical history
in the English-speaking world.
This pioneering heart surgery gives birth
to the field of cardiac surgery.
A year later, Blalock and Taussig would publish
their landmark paper in JAMA.
Arnold Rich publishes The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis,
establishing a foundation for understanding
and treating tuberculosis.
School of Medicine graduate, Vernon Mountcastle,
revolutionizes neuro-anatomy through the discovery
of the column-like structure of cells
in the human brain.
This, along with other breakthroughs,
earn Mountcastle the title of Father of Neuroscience.
Victor McKusick, a 1946 graduate of the School of Medicine,
founds the division of medical genetics
in the Department of Medicine.
The life-saving technique, cardiopulmonary resuscitation
is invented by James Jude, William Kouwehhoven,
and Guy Knickerbocker.
First intensive care unit in the U.S.
is established by Peter Safar at what is now
the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center.
Working with collaborators at the applied physics lab,
Wilmer Director, Arnall Patz, and others
pioneer the use of argon laser in diabetic retinopathy,
age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma.
Levi Watkins, Jr. is the first African-American intern
in surgery and later becomes the first black
chief resident in cardiac surgery.
In 1980, he performed the world's first implantation
of an automatic heart defibrillator in a patient.
Mario Amzel and Roberto Poljak are the first
to uncover the structure or part of an antibody's
antigen-binding site, the molecule that helps
the human immune system fight off infection.
Paul Sponseller develops the modern surgical approach
to spine problems related to Marfan's
and Loeys Dietz syndromes.
Pediatric geneticist and cardiologist, Hal Dietz,
identifies a connective tissue protein
as the culprit responsible for the serious
and often fatal genetic disorder, Marfan's Syndrome.
Researchers discover that hemispherectomy
and ketogenic diets are effective treatment
for refractory epilepsy.
Pediatric hematologist, George Dover,
introduces and first effective treatment
for sickle cell anemia disease pain crises, hydroxyurea.
Donald Price genetically engineers a mouse model
of Lou Gehrig's Disease that helps to define
the pathogenesis of the disease.
Lloyd Minor discovers superior semi-circular
canal syndrome.
He would go on to develop a canal-plugging surgery
to treat it.
Peter Pronovost creates a simple five-item
checklist protocol that greatly reduces infections
when inserting a central venous catheter
and launches his work in the prevention
of patient-related harms.
Robert Montgomery lays out the blueprint
for first five-way donor kidney swap
among 10 individuals, pairing altruistic donors
and incompatible recipient pairs.
The new "Genes to Society" curriculum courses focus on,
among other things, how each organ system
is affected by genetic inheritance, biology,
social and cultural factors.
Ginette Okoye and Sewan Kang create the Ethnic Skin Program
to care for and research dermatologic conditions
that preferentially affect patients
with darker skin pigmentation.
A surgical team led by Andy Lee treats wounded warrior
using an innovative treatment to prevent rejection
of the new limbs.
The Proteum becomes a resource for scientists
in every biomedical field.
Hopkins researchers contribute to a breakthrough study
linking Zika virus and microcephaly.
Foundational work for harnessing immune responses
to fight cancer by Drew Pardal and Hopkins colleagues
leads to foundation of the Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute
for Cancer Immunotherapy.
For 125 years, contributions great and small
have propelled us to where we are now
and new milestones are being created every day.
(soft instrumental music)
Congratulations Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,
where tradition meets innovation.