Hello aviators, Sky here and today we can finally fly to South America.
Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica went through a huge number of
difficulties and invested a lot of effort into a creation of their first regional jet airliner.
ERJ did not remain in debt.
Turning this creator and its homeland into one of the world leaders of the aviation industry.
Welcome to Brazil. Welcome to Embraer.
Embraer Regional Jet or ERJ,
a regional passenger aircraft family developed by the Embraer aviation conglomerate in the 1990s.
The family includes basic commercial airliners and
indirectly business jets and military modifications. It is quite successful: by 2018 more than
1,200 planes have been delivered to the customers. The history of this aircraft is somewhat similar to the history of its Canadian
competitor and it began as always from the economy.
In the 1970s the world was shaking from an active rise in fuel prices and
oil embargo, the Islamic Revolution, a drop in demand and other features of that time.
But the 80s for the time of price roll back when the value of barrel during several years dropped from
$35 to $10.
This led to serious economic crisis in the countries' suppliers of energy resources, wars in the Middle East and so on.
Yes, we like to say that we have to learn the lessons of history,
but in practice we never do. However, for some people, it was a problem and for others good news:
cheap oil means cheap fuel.
In the 1980s a new age of rapid growth of air transportation began
especially the regional flights
In addition the bonus were the fact that the old Giants, Douglas and Boeing, made their planes bigger and did not offer
modern models to replace their old planes. Well, Airbus did not produce small planes at all at that time.
Of course this market could not stay empty.
Customers wanted new original jet airliners and new companies started to answer their demand.
One of these manufacturers was Canadair, or now Bombardier.
This task was not very difficult for them. On the basis of the Challenger 600 business jet,
Canadian engineers created their own regional jet and in the 1990s the CRJ plane practically dominated the market
The Brazilian aviation conglomerate Embraer at the time was working mostly on light civilian and military
aircraft, but even the Brazilians actively developed technology and planned to enter the world of larger commercial and business transportation.
The first step on this path was made in 1989 when during the Paris Air Show
Embraer announced the development of their own regional jet, but unlike Bombardier, Embraer at that time did not have any
medium-sized business jets on which they could base any plane.
However, engineers did not develop the plane from scratch and took Embraer
120 Brasilia as the best model. This small turboprop airliner was created fairly recently and had quite a good performance.
It was decided to replace turboprop engine by the jet ones,
extend the fuselage to accommodate 50 passengers and adopt the airframe to a high flight speed.
Exotic was the location of the engines: in the nacelles integrated into the wing.
At the same time, it was supposed to cost about eleven million dollars,
nearly 20% cheaper than the Canadian CRJ.
The future Embraer 145 Amazon was planned to take off in 1991.
However, such a concept did not last long.
Unification of course is good but the jet plane with straight wings and
engines inside those wings. Too exotic for a commercial aircraft of the late 20th century.
Due to this exotics, for a long time the company could not find buyers for these new planes.
The problem was bigger: they could not even find
subcontractors for the project including the engines suppliers
As a result in 1991 instead of the first flight the plane went into the wind tunnel.
Based on the results of the research it was decided to mount the engines on the pylons under the swept wing
But there was a new problem:
aircraft like the E-Jet or SSJ100 are
criticized for their engines being too low above the ground, and this is the same scheme on a very small 50 seat aircraft.
So the 145's landing gear was greatly increased in order to rise the plane.
This scheme was also controversial, and it was also rejected
The race for new and original airframes was stopped by the aerodynamics and economic loss.
Eventually the engines went to their place on the tail
By the time the design was finalized new problems appeared.
Brazil faced a serious economic crisis. Budget cuts also affected the financing of the state-owned aircraft manufacturer and
in 1994 a decision of
Privatisation was made 80 percent of shares entered the free market while the government retained 20 percent of shares nevertheless
forming a black equity holding
Finally the plane made its maiden flight in
1995 at the time the model has the portfolio of 18 orders with an option for another
16 not impressive and the production plan assumed the release of 29 planes in
1997 reaching the rate of 48 planes per year by 1999
But the flight tests were full of pleasant surprises
The aircraft proved to be very good
fuel efficiency was 7 percent higher than
Previously planned which in addition to a low price allowed umbra to gain this and demand in
1996 when EMB 145 was certified the company already had fill orders
for 62 planes and options for
280
Few words about the design
Boring for the most part. It's an ordinary mode original passenger aircraft with a low wing and T tail
engines rolls-royce AE SOC 0-7 originally developed by the North American division of the British company
Such engines are used by all ERG planes as well as for example some Cessna business jets
The aircraft cabin has a width of 200 10 centimeters and head of 183 centimeters
Which makes it one of the narrowest in the class even the closer of fabric CRJ cabin is bigger
But I have to note that the cabin lad is three seats in a row
not four it makes the plane some kind of a mini bus but the individual space is slightly larger and
Yes there may be a question: the video is about ERJ. Why is our hero called EMB 145?
The neurons is that the plane was on the child of Embraer's first and the family began to form only in the late
1990s during the development of the modifications they created a brand and prior original jet and the model started to receive
ERJ names
So now we have reached the family. Let's take a look at the younger brother the
ERJ-135 entered Alliance in 1999
It is 95% unified with the older brother and has a 3.54 meter shorter fuselage
accommodating 37 passengers
After some time the middle browser ERJ 140 appeared with the capacity of 44 passengers
At first loop the solution is very strange so the 7 seats for one plane and 54 seconds are enough
Where does this guy want to fit?
The point is not the model line
but the indignant pilots the fact is the main regional jet market with the United States and
The major airlines there had found a new way to save money
Instead of using the main aircraft parks they outsourced apart of the role to regional airlines
Generally to their own subsidiaries in the trick was the regional crews had lower salaries
Which made it possible to cut the cost of Airlines?
But this little administrative magic was worth disliked by the pilots of the major airlines
Who lost their earnings because of those tricks?
As a result of the epic story the airlines and pilot unions came to an agreement called the scope clause
unlimited the number of different sized
Aircrafts in the airline parks to the white were on which planes and which pilots will fly in
The segments of regional air travel this limitation has affected the number of aircraft with the capacity of 50 passengers
To overcome this limitation airlines wanted to get a plane with the capacity a little less
Which causes the creation of 44 seats ERJ 140?
However, this focus did not work for Embraer the plane was created in 2001
Conceding with the September 11 terrorist attacks the US aviation market has declined
practically canceling the demand for this model
Only about a hundred ERJ 140 were delivered
But the Brazilians were not discouraged at the beginning of the new century
they created several military and transport modifications and
most importantly
Developed a business version of their ERJ 135
Named legacy 600 this aircraft can accommodate up to 13 passengers and has a range of approximately
5,600 kilometers in fact with this modification the history of Embraer
Executive jets began which now has a whole model line
Another interesting episode in the history of this family was the adventures of Brazilians in China
while trying to enter the growing Chinese market and Embraer stablished a joint venture with HMC
corporation the new company worked on assembling of the ERJ-145
moreover the Chinese have achieved quite a decent localization
It was the so-called complete knockdown or CKD assembly scheme
Nevertheless Embraer has not gained much demand from local operators
work of the joint venture continued until 2016
During this time 4 ERJ-145 and 5 legacy 650 have been created here
in the video about the ERJ airliners
I did not say anything about the accidents and some of you were outraged
But if you are waiting for blood and fire in the ERJ history
Then I have to disappoint you the aircraft got in a lot of troubles and seven planes left the service after that
But with all those accidents
Embraer ERJ did not kill a single person
Yes more than 1200 aircrafts over 20 years of intensive operations zero victims
High-quality excellent service and good design or maybe it was the giant cheese's who knows
But the fact remains zero an excellent figure for the statistics
However, there's one very unpleasant episode in
2006 in the metaclass region of Brazil the Boeing 737 and legacy 600 crossed their wings
Boeing lost the left wing console and crashed ending hundred fifty-four lives a
legacy was very lucky it hid the unfortunate airliner who is its wingtip lost it of course and
Received damage to its tail but still successfully made an emergency landing after
The repairs the plane returned to operation and yes, it's still flying
Despite all the difficulties during the development the ERJ 145 and his
Modifications have become a very successful family low catalog prices and high economic performance have made them very popular
But nothing is eternal and the wave which once gave the birth to small jet airliners rolled back dragging them alone
Fuel price in mm
Loss again as a result the turboprop regional aircrafts gained high demand their engines are much more
economical and the lowest PTIN comfort in flight are not so important on the short roll
Despite the fact that officially Embraer continued the ERJ production
The factory is occupied mainly by the legacy 600 and 650 business yet
But Embraer of course did not give up its position
already in the middle of 2000
Brazilians delivered the new flagship E-Jet family
those planes felt good and
Replacing the old generation they do not intend to live
Into the history of probably the main regional airliner we will dive the next time
But all the success in the industry Embraer owes to the ERJ family
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Fast flights and soft landings to you