Today's lesson is about the pneumatic system, as we know pneumatics is using
air to actually perform work, usually it's compressed air so what we normally have is a compressor. In this case
is a pneumatic trainer that we have, it will demonstrate a few of the functions of the
pneumatic system. What you have is an air compressor that's in the back and it takes
atmospheric pressure and compresses it somewhere in the neighberhood of 50 to100 psi and then
actually uses different attributes or different devices to actually do work.
When work we mean talked about actuator such as an air motor which uses
rotational device, a cylinder attack which actually uses a linear motion, this is double acting,
a single acting cylinder and this is another double acting cylinder there.
A few of the components of this trainer, you have the feed, this is where the air is feed from the air
compressor, the air tank which is in the back as well,
to gauge, off here we have another regulator here, this is a push-button
directional control valve, this is a lever directional control valve,
we have a check valve, some gauges, a lubricator, if you want to add oil to the system for lubricating the joints.
You have some flow control valves, these adjust the flow by allowing the cranks here, then you have
another directional control here, the air motor, a cylinder,
double acting cylinder, a singles with the spring and double acting
cylinder there. So and in safety of course anytime you're working on air pressure
you want to make sure that you utilize the proper PPEs make sure you don't spray
the actual air onto a human to clean off the body or your clothes, one because the pressure
that's involved and two because the actual oil that's involved in there. Alright the
first time that we're going to set up will be a look at the single
acting cylinder, this is the one right here, we're going to run it through a directional
control valve, a levered directional control valve, so that we can kind of see how it works, doing the
process, we're connected to the power source here, the power source to the air is off, we put it to the inside of directional
control valve here, connect the one to here and I'm not quite long enough, so
let me see if I can find a longer hose, here we go,
and we'll connect it to the actual cylinder there into the valve and then we'll actually install another here to
act as a muffler or release of the air as the spring forces the air down. So we'll start by turning the air
on. The air pressure is on, you can read the, well we're sitting right about 30 psi and you can check it out there doesn't appear to be
leaks. We will activate the lever and what do we have, we have air coming out the other one. So
what we do is, we kind of push around the connectors and try it again. And you can see the
gauge moving
release the air, the spring releases it back down, go back, the air goes back up, the cylinder goes back up, releases the air
Now in order to add an extra wrinkle to this, we can connect this to a flow control valve.
A flow control valve as you remember actually controls
the flow of how much or how fast
actuator moves, so install it we turned it really down, pretty low.
we interact the lever and watch how slow it moves up. I didn't do anything different, I pushed down on it.
It's the valve control
does the work for us. Crank that up a little bit more and you can see a little bit faster, apply a little bit more
and you can see it goes even faster, so
directional control valve creates the speed at which the cylinder moves up or down.
Ok that's the single acting cylinder now we're going to look at making sure that the system is pressured down
before we start moving anything serving now we'll actually take it and we'll do the actual motor itself
will take our feed that was actually going over to the cylinder, we'll put it into the motor and if you remember
this one here, what happens is when you activate it the air will run through the
veins of the motor, spinning the shaft which you can barely see right there and you
but you barely should be able to hear the actual air as it's escaping through the cylinder so you
turn it back on, we re-pressurize the system, we turn the lever and you can hear air. The air is running through the motor.
Any extra air is being discharged to the muffler therefore spinning, using the veins, to actual spin the actual the motor
so it can actually do work.
Ok. Lastly, we're going to work, we're actually going to show
or demonstrate the use of the double acting cylinder and so what we can do is we can connect to one side,
connect another to the other side
and should be able to see, turn the
pressure back on, should be able to see,
go down, goes up, go down, depending on which position that the directional control valve is in, depends on the work.
What you can do to add an little wrinkle to that, you can add it through a flow control valve
such as this and you can control, see how slow it's going down? The directional control valve is keeping the air from moving so
fastly so that it slows down the actual air. Speed it up a little bit more,
Actually lets try that again,
see how it's being controlled? It goes up fast because we don't have a directional control valve on that mechanism
but we do on it going down, see how slowly its going to go
and what we will do is push it back, we'll speed it up and then you can see
it goes a little faster, a little more fluid motion. Directional control valve, up
back a little bit faster, see if we adjust the motion so there it goes. Alright so briefly that is the pneumatic system, you can
see that the air which is run by an air compressor through a regulator
has a lot of possibilities when it comes to work. Air motors double acting
cylinders and then regular one way cylinders. That concludes today's presentation on the
pneumatic system, the PowerPoint slides are available and at the end you will be able to take your exam. Thank you.