Hey how's it going I'm Marc - there are many English books however none of them
may be helpful Jennifer wants a big wedding meanwhile her fiance wants a small
private one learning how to use an iPhone is difficult for my mother buying
it for her birthday was a mistake indeed it was only a small gift but it was
gratefully received nonetheless in this lesson we're going to take a look at
conjunctive adverbs so stay tuned
right conjunctive adverbs let me tell you that I've already talked about
conjunctions if you want to watch all those lessons you may click here so
let's start by describing adverbs adverbs are words that modify verbs
clauses sentences adjectives or even other adverbs if you want to watch a
lesson on adverbs you may click here conjunctive adverbs are adverbs that
join two clauses together these clauses are independent ones we can mention
accordingly additionally besides instead likewise
however rather still etc I'm going to post a graph listing all the conjunctive
adverbs on my community section so you can download it when we talk about
conjunctive adverbs it's important to say that punctuation is extremely
important a semicolon or period what is a semicolon it's this sign this one or
period period is used at the end of the first independent clause at the end of
the first independent clause then follows a conjunctive adverb followed by
a comma so the formula would look like first Clause semicolon or period plus
conjunctive adverb plus comma plus second clause so let's list some
examples first one following a semicolon there are many English books semicolon
however which means by contrast none of them may be helpful so you can see the
first Clause right there are many English books then we need the
conjunctive adverb however which means by contrast and then the second clause
none of them may be helpful let's look at another example you need to stop
watching TV that much semicolon otherwise which means differently you'll
become blind this is also an example of yes the first conditional so you
see you need to stop watching TV that much this is the first clause and so the
condition otherwise otherwise you'll become blind and this is the result if
you want to watch lessons on the first conditional you may click here so let's
look at yet another example I'd like to invite you out for dinner semicolon
unless which means except you had other plans already this is also an example of
the second conditional if you want to watch a lesson on the second conditional
you may click here however this is yes the condition I'd like to invite you out
for dinner and then the result unless you have other plans already so I'd like
I would like and then had past simple for our next group let's listen ones that
follow a period Jennifer wants a big wedding period meanwhile which means at
the same time her fiance wants a small private one so you can see Jennifer
wants a big wedding is the first clause then we have the conjunctive adverb
meanwhile then it follows a comma her fiance wants a small private one the
second clause let's look at another example I've decided to quit my job I've
decided to quit my job period furthermore which means in addition
comma I have exhausted all the options so you can see I've decided to quit my
job which is the first clause and then we have a period then we have
furthermore which is a conjunctive adverb comma and then we have the second
clause and for the last example my son was supposed to go out with John last
night period instead the conjunctive adverb which means as an alternative
comma he chose to stay in the second clause now I'm going to erase this and
we're going to look at yet other two uses of conjunctive adverbs so let's
look at other uses if the break of the main clause is weak then do not use
commas what do I mean by this so let's look at my introductory example learning
how to use an iPhone is difficult for my mother okay
buying it for her birthday was a mistake indeed so you can see that here indeed
which means certainly doesn't have a comma before it why because the main
clause is weak so we need this adverb or this conjunctive adverb so buying it for
her birthday was a mistake indeed certainly right so it reinforces buying
it for her birthday so the main clause let's look at yet another example
driving to work during a blizzard is hard I will therefore without a comma I will
therefore which means consequently call a taxi tomorrow
so therefore which is the adverb here is is needed in the sentence without it it
would be weak the sentence so we need to reinforce I will therefore consequently
call a taxi tomorrow so the last point that I want to talk about is that
conjunctive adverbs are also used at the end of a clause don't forget to use a comma
before it so my introductory example was it was only a small gift but it was
gratefully received nonetheless so here nonetheless which means however is
preceded by a comma so we have a comma right there so let's look at the last
example of this lesson after playing chess with his friends
Sean was too proud to admit defeat he did admit he wasn't concentrated however
so however means yet it's the same thing and it's preceded by a comma so we can
even use nonetheless like here or therefore or indeed it's a conjunctive adverb
but remember to use a comma before it okay if you want to use it at the end of
the sentence I will cite a quotation by Henry Rollins just to give you another
example I try to be well-informed I don't know
how well I do all the time but I try nonetheless so that's it for today if
you have any questions comments or if you want to post your own example you
may do so under this video if you haven't subscribed to my channel I
suggest you do if you want to share the lesson please do I will really
appreciate it having said that I will see you next week with a new English
lesson take care bye bye