elevated intraocular pressure and its treatment elevated eye pressure ocular
hypertension is defined as a health condition in which the eye pressure is higher than
21 millimeters hg in addition to other conditions that must be fulfilled and will be presented later
and in the context it must be mentioned that there is a fluid in the eye produced by ciliary bodies
similar to water and called aqueous humor and the function of this fluid is limited to
nourishing the eye and maintaining its pressure through its flow to the front part of the eye
behind the cornea and in front of the iris through a spongy network called the trabecular meshwork
and if the eye is healthy and intact a small amount of this fluid will enter the eye in
exchange for an equal amount of it flowing out of the eye and most of this fluid flows out
through a drainage angle in the front iris and this equal flow contributes to maintaining the
stability of the pressure inside the eye in some cases an imbalance in this flow may occur which
leads to the accumulation of fluid inside the eye causing an increase in intraocular pressure
symptoms of raised eye pressure the rise in intraocular pressure is not accompanied
by any symptoms or signs therefore it is usually recommended to conduct periodic eye examinations
to ensure that the pressure is within the normal range and high intraocular pressure
is one of the most important risk factors for developing a disease called glaucoma or glaucoma
and this disease is represented by damage to the optic nerve in addition to loss of field of vision
in the context we mention the conditions that must be met to diagnose high eye pressure
the intraocular pressure is more than 21 milliliters of mercury
in one or both eyes no signs of glaucoma appear when a visual field examination is performed
nerve fibers and optic disc are not damaged the drainage corners in the eye are not damaged
not having any health problems that may cause high eye pressure such as uveitis
causes of high eye pressure the imbalance in the drainage of fluid inside the eye causes
an increase in intraocular pressure due to a defect in the channels that drain fluid from
the eye where the eye produces fluid naturally but it cannot be drained which leads to an
increase in this fluid in the eye and thus high intraocular pressure
which increases the chance of developing glaucoma or glaucoma knowing that there are many
cases in which the intraocular pressure rises without developing into the stage of glaucoma
and to return to talking about high intraocular pressure it should be noted that in some cases
ciliary bodies produce large amounts of aqueous mixture this increases its amount in the eye
which leads to an increase in pressure inside the eye factors that increase the risk of high
eye pressure although high eye pressure affects people of all ages there are many factors that
increase the risk of developing it including a family history of glaucoma or high eye pressure
age over 40 years having diabetes the incidence of severe myopia belonging to the african race
take some types of medication such as steroids the eye was injured incidents of certain health
conditions such as syndrome cluttering dye pigment dispersion syndrome and the arc of the cornea
corneal arcus and the syndrome desquamation false reduction of blood pressure diagnosis of elevated
eye pressure ophthalmologists conduct tests to be able to measure the pressure inside the
eye in addition to other tests to diagnose and evaluate the condition these tests are mentioned
below visual acuity test aims at conducting this test to assess vision in principle and the optics
specialist to conduct this examination request from the patient reading letters using the schema
examination of the front of the eye the front of the eye that includes the cornea anterior chamber
iris and lens is subjected to this examination using a special microscope called a slit lamp
optic nerve examination this is to detect damage or disorders affecting the optic nerve and
pictures of the front surface of the optic nerve may be taken as a future reference for comparison
later tonometry nose one of the methods used to measure the pressure inside the eye through a tool
known as a scale of tension in english tonometer where the patient is placed in the eye of a drop
of narcotic and apply light pressure on the eye examination of visual range visual field testing
conducted this test to examine the peripheral vision and aims to exclude any disturbances in the
field of vision due to the incidence of glaucoma as there may be a need to repeat this examination
in the case of low probability of infection damaged glaucoma 2 can test procedure time one
in a year but in the event of a high risk of this damage it should be performed regularly every two
months and it is performed by an automatic machine for the visual field gonioscopy
test is conducted to examine the discharge of the eye angle to determine whether the angles
are open or closed or narrow to the exclusion of other cases that may lead to high pressure in the
eye and as this test put a certain lens in the eye corneal thickness examination patchymetry
this test is performed by a probe installed in front of the cornea to determine its thickness
as the thickness of the cornea contributes to determining the pressure inside the eye more
accurately as a cornea that is thinner than normal may give false low pressure readings
while a thicker cornea may give false high pressure readings treatment of high eye pressure
the main goal of treating high eye pressure is to prevent the development of the condition of
developing glaucoma or damage to the optic nerve as the doctor begins to follow the treatment plan
directly for people who are most vulnerable to glaucoma and accordingly it can be said that the
treatment of high eye pressure varies from person to person based on the health condition when the
eye pressure exceeds 21 milliliters of mercury the doctor may be satisfied with monitoring without
resorting to the use of any drug treatments while he may prescribe drug treatments in other cases
depending on the risk factors of the patient and the results of his examinations
and it is worth noting that in the absence of prescription drug treatments it is worth
directing the victim to continuous monitoring medical follow-up some cases of high intraocular
pressure require re-evaluation and medical examinations periodically and continuously
especially for people prone to developing glaucoma as they must measure eye pressure frequently
and eye pressure is evaluated based on the following instructions if the intraocular pressure
is 28 milliliters of mercury or more the doctor usually resorted in these cases to the use of drug
treatments and the patient must see a doctor after a month of using the drug to investigate
the effectiveness of the drug in reducing eye pressure and to detect any side effects that
may be they are caused by the treatment and in case the treatment has proven effective other
appointments are scheduled to review the doctor and evaluate the case every three to four months
in the event that the intraocular pressure ranges between 26 to 27 milliliters of mercury
the doctor prescribes treatment and the examination is repeated after several weeks
if the pressure remains within three degrees of the first reading the doctor sets periodic
appointments every three to four months in which the intraocular pressure readings in the second
visit are less than the reading at the first visit the doctor determines periodic reviews
at longer periods it may be at least once a year and during these visits the visual field and the
optic nerve are also examined in the event that the intraocular pressure ranges between 22 to
25 millimeters hg the examination is repeated within two to three months and if the pressure
is within three degrees of the first reading the doctor sets the other appointment after six months
and the examination includes testing of the optic nerve and the visual field pharmacological
treatments in some cases the physician prescribes as previously mentioned medicinal treatments
topical eye drops to help reduce pressure inside the eye and in some cases the doctor
prescribes several types of drugs at the same time and the doctor often recommends using the
drops in one eye to check the effectiveness of the drug in reducing pressure inside the eye
and in case the treatment has proven effective the doctor recommends using it in both eyes and
it is worth noting that medical follow-up should begin immediately after starting the treatment
and the date of visits is determined based on the type of drops the patient uses as some of
them do not show their effectiveness until after six to eight weeks such as latano prost trava
but usually the first visit is after three to four weeks from the start of treatment
in order to ensure the effectiveness of the drug and not cause any side effects as mentioned
previously and if these conditions are met the doctor sets another appointment for the
visit after two to four months in the event that this type of drops does not meet these conditions
the doctor will prescribe another type of them advice for patients with high eye pressure some
lifestyle changes may contribute to balancing eye pressure and improving eye health in general some
tips that can be followed by eye pressure patients are mentioned exercise exercising
increases blood flow to all parts of the body including the optic nerve and retina
follow a healthy diet to improve the general eye health practice relaxation exercises and
avoid exposure to tension and stress as stress is one of the factors that increase the risk
of high eye pressure so it is recommended to practice meditation and yoga exercises
raise the head level during sleep and this helps reduce eye pressure during sleep
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