Hello and welcome to today's English lesson my name is Stuart. In today's
lesson we're looking at how we use perfect tenses in English. Let's go to
the intro. Now as I said today's lesson is looking at perfect tenses and we're
going to look at one two three four different perfect tenses we'll look at
the present perfect the past perfect the future perfect and the conditional
perfect sentence now what are perfect tenses well perfect tenses show us a
completed action okay ? And they are formed with the verb have plus the past
participle of the second verb and these are known as compound verbs okay now the
first one we're going to look at is the present perfect and we form this we've
have okay? Have or has according to the subject and we'll look at the example I
have been to Paris on two occasions okay I've been to Paris twice in the past
I'm not saying when I was in Paris or when I went to Paris
I'm just saying that I have been to Paris on two occasions alright completed
actions and Sylvia has broken her arm and can't play in the match again the
completed action her arm is broken she has broken her arm now if we put a time
reference in there we would use the past simple so Sylvia broke her arm yesterday
or I went to Paris last week okay but we don't so we have the present perfect
tense here now the second example is the past perfect and the past perfect is
formed with head plus the past participle the examples let's have a
look when I got to the concert the band had already started alright so I'm
saying that something was completed at a certain point in time there
so when I got to the concert when I arrived at the concert the music had
already started or the band had already started playing we could say all right
so that's how we use the past perfect I thought I had posted the letter but I
was wrong I thought I had done it I thought I had
done it I thought I had posted the letter but I hadn't posted it I was
wrong I made a mistake so I'll have to go back in the future and post the
letter the next example is the future perfect and the future perfect is formed
with will and have plus the past participle examples by the time you
arrive I will have finished my exams in the future completed action in the
future by the time you arrive I will have finished my exam so here we can see
the future perfect we'll have finished I will have finished my exams by the time
you arrive ok and when you take your holidays I will have already returned ok
in the future I will have already returned from my holidays by the time
you take yours or when you take yours okay so the completed actions in the
future now the last example is the conditional perfect and we use this in
the third conditional sentence you probably have studied that already and
we form it with wood and with have wood and have always in that conditional
sentence with if if we hadn't missed the bus we would have arrived on time ok if
we hadn't missed the bus we would have arrived on time and I would have shown
you around if I had been in town so I would have shown you around I would have
shown you the parts of my city that I think you would find interesting ok
that's what I would have done if I had been in town but I wasn't in town
so I couldn't show you around okay it's hypothetical
if we hadn't missed the bus we would have arrived on time again something
that can't take place because it's hypothetical because we did miss the bus
so we didn't arrive on time and again I wasn't in town so I wasn't able to show
you around okay so that's how we use the present
perfect the past perfect the future perfect and the conditional perfect
tense in English I'll leave links down below to other videos I have done on all
of these tenses so you can have a look at those now thanks for watching the
lesson questions or comments please leave them in the section below room to
give the video a thumbs up if you liked it share it with your friends please on
social media I'll see you in the next English lesson have a good day