Hello everyone!
I'm Nick Shepherd, welcome to my channel.
This is the second video in the series on how we join sentences together using 'linkers'.
Here are the linkers we're looking at today: we're looking at the 'time' linkers, 'when',
'before', 'after' and 'while'.
Hope you enjoy it!
Right, let's get started.
We'll start off with 'before' and 'after'.
Here's a picture of Billy.
Billy's gone to bed but he's made a mistake because he's still got his hat on!
'No, Billy, take your hat off before you go to bed!'
Here's Billy again, making yet another mistake, an even bigger one (!) and he's having a shower
and he's put his clothes on first!
'No, Billy, get dressed after you have a shower!'.
Now let's move on to 'when' and 'while'.
Sue, Jack and the children have been away on holiday and they're just coming home and
here they are arriving and 'Sue, Jack and the children came home' And here's the second
sentence 'they saw that they front door was open'.
Now, we could join those two sentences together with 'when' or 'while' but which one?
Well, I'll tell you.
'When Sue, Jack and the children came home they saw that the front door was open'.
'When' is like a falling object but I'll explain that later!
Now, what happened?
Here's another picture and we can see somebody taking stuff from their house and in the background
we can see them having a nice time, swimming in the sea and I'll write two sentences.
First of all 'somebody broke in' and 'they were away on holiday'.
Now we can join those two sentences together using 'when' or 'while', which one?
Well this time it's going to be 'while', here we go 'somebody broke in while they were away
on holiday'.
Don't worry about the bird, flying along there just to show continuity, I'll explain that
later.
Sorry about the drawings, they're not very good - Caroline didn't do the falling object
or the bird, sorry that was me!
And what happened when they moved into the house?
Well, here's another picture and 'Sue phoned the police' and the second sentence 'Jack
looked to see what had be stolen'.
Now we can join those two sentences together again, they're both happening at the same
time so is it going to be 'when' or 'while'.
Well, it will be 'while' and here we go 'Sue phoned the police, while Jack looked to see
what had been stolen'.
Here's my bird again flying past to give the idea of continuity and I'll talk about that
in a minute.
Ok, is that all?
Err, nearly!
We've still got the summary.
First of all we'll start off with the 'before' and 'after' and here's a drawing that I filmed
myself doing and I speeded it up, it's not very good I'm afraid, I'm sorry that Caroline
didn't do it!
Erm, so first of all there's 'now' in the middle (6 o'clock) on the left there's Pete.
'Pete arrived before Susan got there' so he's looking relaxed and peaceful.
He's before Six.
Here's Sam - 'Sam arrived after Jane left', he's five minutes late and she left.
So that's the difference there before 'before' and 'after'.
Now let's move over to 'when' and 'while'.
'I was asleep when the phone rang' and the falling object is like an interruption, something
that breaks into something else that's happening.
And the last sentence 'she watched the baby while it slept' and here's a little bird flying
along there (my terrible drawing again) and that shows the continuity that you get with
'while'.
All right, that's all!
Bye for now!
Hope you found it useful!