Welcome to Sage Audio. Today let’s look at How to Make Clean Vocals in 10 Steps. But first,
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Start with De-clicking
For this video let’s look at getting a vocal as spectrally and dynamically balanced as possible.
Let’s start by removing vocal clicks or the unwanted mouth sounds that a mic often
picks up during a performance. To do this I can either use the RX De-Click plugin and
set the algorithm to multi-band random click, or I can use Spiff by Oeksound.
Let’s use Spiff’s remove mouth clicks preset, and modify it slightly to better suit our vocal.
Clean Vocal EQ
Next, I want to use an EQ to remove aspects of the vocal that I want less of,
or that make it sound unbalanced. I removed low-frequency rumble and hum
with a 12dB/octave filter and dipped a little at 250 Hz. to reduce masking.
I found nasally tones right below 1kHz, and also some excessive sibilance at 13.1kHz. Let’s listen
to these bands being introduced and notice how the vocal becomes slightly more balanced.
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Use Split Band De-essing
Continuing our subtractive processing, let’s introduce a de-esser to attenuate high frequencies
in a program-dependent way. I’m using a high shelf filter to attenuate 6.6kHz and above, and a bell
filter to attenuate a small area where I found excessive sibilance - only by a couple dB on each.
Like the EQ, this will help to balance
the frequency spectrum of the vocal - let’s take a listen.
Introduce Harmonics to the Vocal
It may seem counter-intuitive to saturate a vocal if I want it to sound cleaner,
but harmonics will improve the signal-to-noise ratio and make the vocal sound fuller. With
this PSP saturator, I used subtle settings and a modern tape algorithm.
Additionally, I drove the input into the saturator a little, before compensating with the output.
Let’s listen and notice how the vocal sounds clearer, and slightly louder.
Use a Subtle Vocal Rider
Before I compress the vocal, there’s one more thing I want to do, which is
to introduce a vocal rider - this plugin uses lookahead to alter the level of the
vocal based on a pre-set target. As a result, the vocal’s dynamics will be more balanced.
This reduces the need for aggressive compression,
which would impart a distinct, often unwanted timbre onto the vocal.
Let’s listen and notice how although the effect is subtle, the vocal is more controlled.
Utilize Clean Compression
When I want a clean-sounding vocal but need to compress, I like to use the FF-Pro-C2 and
choose the clean algorithm, with a soft-knee and look-ahead. This reduces any coloration
or timbre changes to the vocal, while still attenuating the signal as needed.
Oversampling will also help to keep a clean sound by reducing aliasing distortion. Let’s
take a listen and notice how the compressor doesn’t change the sound, just the dynamics.
Insert Upward Compressor
An upward compressor will compress from the noise floor up - since we improved
our signal-to-noise ratio in chapter 4, we can use this afterward to amplify
quieter details without worrying too much about added noise. Also,
it helps control dynamics, without the need for more peak-down processing.
Let’s listen and notice how the vocal sounds more detailed, dynamically controlled,
and how the noise floor stays roughly the same due to the harmonics we introduced earlier.
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Attenuate Resonances with Soothe 2
The original vocal contains resonances that were likely exacerbated by some of
our processing - with that in mind, I like to save Soothe 2 for later on in the chain to ensure these
resonances are attenuated. In this instance, I found the low mids to mids were the problem areas.
That said, I emphasized these ranges with the pre-eq,
and attenuated. Let’s listen to how the processor improves the vocal,
and also enable the delta function so we can hear what exactly is being removed.
Amplify Desired Frequencies
Last up in terms of processors, I like to add one more EQ to shape the overall sound. Some low
rumble was reintroduced from our processing, so I’ve attenuated that with a high-pass,
before lowering 250Hz. very slightly to again reduce masking in the higher frequencies.
I dipped some mids again, but then amplified 3.5kHz to increase the vocal’s presence,
and included a shelf above 10kHz to introduce some air to the vocal.
Having an EQ at the very end of the chain gives you
a lot of control over the final spectral balance of your vocal.
Let’s take a listen to how this clarifies the vocal.
Introduce Volume Automation
Last up let’s use volume automation - volume automation affects the fader, which routing-wise
is placed after all of my inserts, now is a good time to introduce it. If you were to do
this before inserting plugins, any changes might be negated or altered by the plugins.
With this automation, I can fine-tune the final volume of each section. Let’s listen to the final
result, and keep in mind that this chain sets you up perfectly to add your final creative
processors, like reverb, delay, chorusing, and whatever temporal processor you want to use.
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with the link in the description. Thank you so much for watching.