If time travel is possible,
why haven't we met a single time traveler yet?
And if we did meet one,
how would we know they weren't faking it?
In 1998, a gentleman
by the name of John Titor
arrived from the future.
Or so he said.
In his timeline, as he claimed,
General Electric had managed to invent
time travel in the year 2034.
He even showed and described
his time traveling device in great detail.
And then Titor vanished,
as abruptly as he appeared.
Did he finish his mission?
Or was he real at all?
If we were able to prove
that someone has traveled from a different time,
it would be very cool for science.
Although it might overwrite
Albert Einstein's theory of relativity.
Einstein approached time as a fourth dimension.
Space is a three-dimensional spectrum
that provides us with length, width and height.
Time offers direction.
Together, they form a space-time continuum.
And it can be affected by gravity.
According to Einstein's theory of relativity,
gravity is a curve in space-time.
And technically, because space and time are one,
gravity could bend time as well as space.
But you'd need something really, really big
to notice any changes in the movement of time.
If you somehow managed
to get yourself close to a black hole,
like Sagittarius A,
you'd be experiencing time at half-speed
compared to people on Earth.
This is because Sagittarius A
packs a mass of four million suns
into an infinitely dense point,
creating a very strong gravitational field around it.
Another way to travel in time
is to move really fast.
The closer you get to the speed of light,
the slower time passes for you.
If you were a passenger on a train
that somehow could travel at 99% of the speed of light,
for every year you spent on the train,
223 years would have passed back at the station.
That would make you a time traveler into the future.
Titor claimed that this little machine
is what made time travel possible in any direction.
The C204, as he called it, allowed him
to manipulate gravity with the help
of two microsingularities that were packed inside.
It also had gravity sensors
to lock the machine and time traveler
in a fixed place in space.
Titor had this machine installed in a car,
pretty much like the good old, time-traveling DeLorean did.
But it would only take him as far as
60 years from his time.
Proving that someone really is a time traveler
might be even harder than time travel itself.
Time travelers could make predictions about the future,
show their futuristic technology,
or even undergo some genetic testing
to support their story.
Maybe the best way to prove time travel is real
would be to take you with them on their next adventure.
Of course, there are easier ways
to prove the possibility of time travel.
In 2009, the world-famous
theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking
threw a party.
Not just any party,
but one to which only future time travelers were invited.
Hawking didn't send off invitations until after the party.
He believed that if travelers from the future
arrived before the invitation was released,
that would prove that time travel will become possible one day.
He sat there waiting for hours,
but nobody showed up.
That doesn't mean time travel is impossible.
There is a chance that time travelers from the future
will learn to use wormholes, or "bridges" in space-time.
We haven't seen one of those yet, but...
the theory of general relativity predicts that they exist.
The biggest problem with wormholes
is that they're microscopic and collapse too quickly
for a human traveler to go through.
But maybe the reason nobody attended Hawking's party
is that time traveling might not be that precise.
Maybe the guests from the future did arrive,
but they were too late for the party.
Or maybe going back in time
is strictly prohibited for time travelers,
because if they do,
they might change their timeline completely.
Perhaps they are just trying to avoid the risk
of spreading any diseases from the far future onto us.
Or maybe the information about time traveling
is so highly classified that
only a few people would be trusted with it.
Maybe traveling back into time isn't possible after all.
Maybe time can only move forward and never backwards.
Maybe John Titor was one big lie.
We have a few more years until 2034 to find out.
In a way, we already have time travelers in our lifetime.
Astronauts on the International Space Station
are moving at 8 km/sec (5 mi/sec).
This makes them age slower,
although the difference is measured in hundredths of a second.
But if you're listening,
you're invited to a reception for time travelers
hosted by Stephen Hawking.
The party will take place at the University of Cambridge, UK,
on June 28, 2009.
No RSVP required.
And hey, if you have a chance to jump in a spaceship
and enjoy the time traveling effects of a black hole,
Just make sure to not fall into that gravitational monster.
But that's a story for another WHAT IF.