rRght guys a grammar lesson for you today, the present perfect attendance
that you learn at all levels but how many of you get these things wrong for
since ever never adverbs we'll be covering today in our lesson right so
the present perfect it's important to remember that the present perfect is a
present tense it is somehow connected to the present moment to now unlike past
simple that is a finished period of time I'm going to go into more detail in a
moment about that first the structure
the present perfect is formed with have or has depending on your subject i you
we they would be have she he it has now remember we don't always use she he and
it we might say the weather the weather would be it the weather has changed we
might use a name Sabra Sabra has gone to the shops so remember this is a mistake
that students frequently make now after have and has we have the past participle
of the verb now this can also be called the third form so in particular you need
to pay attention to your irregular verbs go went gone be was were bean teach
taught taught now irregular verbs are a bit tricky so what to the end of this
lesson for some very helpful I think lessons on
how to learn irregular verbs so there we are the present perfect half has plus
past participle not of course forgetting that you have your subject and your
object at the end when we talk about the adverbs in a moment I will also be
explaining exactly where you need to put those in a sentence with the present
perfect in question forms you would simply invert the auxiliary verb have
all has with the subject so sabra has gone to the shops has sabra gone to the
shops so that's the question form now when you are answering you could use a
long or short answer often we would use the short answer when we are speaking
has say broke on to the shops yes she has gone to the shops to answer we would
use the auxiliary verb yes she has or no she hasn't yes they have or no they
haven't now is in most structures with the negative form we add not to the
auxiliary verb I haven't gone to the shops she hasn't gone to the shops
don't forget the contraction as well in spoken English it is much more fluent
and natural to use contractions
right so why do we use at the present perfect
when is the correct time to use it well as I said before it is a present tense
and it has to connect to now so when I am referring to
Sabra has gone to the shops it means that it is happened recently and I've
used gone which means she is still there if I say Sabra has been to the shops it
means she has gone and come back so that's an important point to note both
of these are referring to the present time either the situation is still true
or only recently happened so as I said the present perfect explains now the
current situation so I could say I've lost my keys I've lost my keys that
means that my keys are still lost if I use the past simple I lost my keys I
lost my keys then it might be that the situation is not the same I recently
lost my keys they're still lost I lost my keys we don't know if they are lost
still or if I found them now if we look at the present perfect and the past
simple it's important to note that with the present perfect we use unfinished
periods of time I've been to the shops this week I've done my homework today
I've seen Star Wars this month using this emphasizes the fact that the period
of time is not finished and of course today not finished however with the past
simple you would use a finished period of time so instead of this what do you
think we would use that's right last I went to the shops last week I saw Star
Wars last I went to Australia many years ago when
we use finished periods of time we need to use the past simple pay close
attention time periods with present perfect we frequently use full and since
and these you get confused a lot look at my examples I've taught English for
eight years I've taught English for eight years I've taught English since
2009 now in this case it's the same information there's no difference in
meaning but the time phrase that I have used is different depending on for or
since for is for a period of time for eight years for a long time for ages for
many years for a week for a month for a day a period of time it could be
long or short since is a point in time since 2009
since I was a child since I saw you last since last year since last month in this
case we're using the last but it is referring to the start of something a
period of time that has continued up until now for and since so tell me below
how long have you studied English for since when have you studied English try
practicing for and since I want to see some sentences and I will correct them
so we've discussed that the present perfect is connected to now so from one
point until now there is a connection in the same way we would use the present
perfect to describe life experiences basically what you have experienced up
until now in your life if you are talking about somebody that has died or
passed away a nice phrasal verb for you then we would use the past simple I've
been to Australia my grandfather went to Australia he's not alive now so for
people that are living we would use the present perfect to describe life
experiences the people that are not past simple now when we are talking about
life experiences it's important to recognize how we often transition from
the present perfect to the past simple in conversation so if I ask you have you
ever been to England come and gone back then you might say yes I have a short
answer if we're in conversation it's most likely I would want to know more
information at this point I would use the past simple to ask you for more
information Wow when did you go to England who did
you go with what did you do when you were there so we've start with the
present perfect because you don't specify a time you don't say when you
went but we will continue with the past simple to discuss this so have you ever
been to England as I mentioned have you ever been to England we would use ever
when we are referring to your life experiences up until now have you ever
ever is used in questions and you can see there the position
have you ever comes after the subjects in this question but before the main
verb the past participle have you ever have you ever this is a good
game that you could play with friends to practice your present perfect have you
ever ridden a horse have you ever been to England have you ever eaten so much
chocolate you were sick I don't think I've done that yet so ever is for
questions referring to your life experience and this word never it's for
negative answers it is only for answers we would never use it
have you never we would use have you ever no never no never meaning I've
never experienced this in my life have you ever taken drugs no never
it's emphatic its emphasizing the fact that this is something you haven't done
so for me if you said have you ever taken drugs I would say no never
I'm really trying to express that I haven't done this it could also be in
the positive sense have you ever been to Australian no never but I would love to
go now an important point you cannot say I haven't never why it's a double
negative you cannot say I haven't never you can say I haven't no I haven't or no
never but not both we don't have double negatives in
English
a long lesson guys but we're nearly there in spoken English it is much more
natural and you sound more fluent if you use contractions I've been to Spain I
haven't been to Spain you've cooked dinner you've cooked dinner I've you've
we've rave she's he's it's all of this counts
towards you sounded much more natural right guys so I think that brings us to
the end of our present perfect lesson and don't forget guys subscribe so we
can teach you guys a lot more English thank you so much for watching I look
forward to seeing you again very soon lessons to help you improve your English
irregular verbs and the pronunciation of Edie quick the lessons are to keep
learning