hello students this is Professor Henderson again coming to you again with another lecture
part three of the infection control chapter as always these videos are meant to to deepen your
understanding of the material but they are not meant to replace your reading so today if you
like this video by the way give it a thumbs up so you will never miss another video so we're
talking today about airborne precaution diseases so as a nurse it's important to understand what
disease is falls under airborne and what are some of the personal protective equipment that are
required for caring for patients with the airborne disease so chickenpox which is Ferris Ella that's
transmitted also by airborne so if patient has that they have to have two types of precautions
there be placed on contact precautions in addition to airborne precautions for P's aster is also
patients with herpes zoster are placed on contact precautions in addition to airborne precautions
measles tuberculosis so as we know tuberculosis we have two real E and ninety-five masks at all time
for patients with tuberculosis if the patient has active TB the patient is also placed in a
negative pressure and also cohorting patients with um similar type of diseases so it's important as a
nurse to understand what diseases falls on the airborne and what are the personal protective
equipment that are required to wear and some of these diseases overlap with contact precautions in
addition to airborne precautions so we are talking on this slide here about droplet diseases and
precautions so again it's important to understand what diseases falls on the trap lens the whooping
cough the adenovirus patients with adenovirus is also placed on contact precautions in addition to
droplet precautions scarlet fever the influenza patients with influenza the common flu a place
also in contact precautions in addition to droplet precautions many cocktail meningitis moms
sepsis mycoplasma pneumoniae so we are personal protective equipment and patients that are a place
in droplet precautions have to we're also we're a surgical mass along with standard precautions
now we're talking about contact precautions in this slide so what are some diseases that
falls under contact precautions so we have Mrs a meta saline resistant Staphylococcus aureus
we have VRE we have C deficit c diff toxin RSV the parainfluenza and conjunctivitis also we have skin
infections example examples of skin infections are in Peter lice KB's versus herpes simplex so these
diseases we have to use contact precautions it's important to understand what disease the falls on
the contact precautions and what PPE is required so we have to wear gloves down with every contact
precautions and follow standard precautions in this slide we have to talk a little bit about
the responsibilities of an infection control professional nurse so as a nurse if you work as
an infection control nurse some of the duties and responsibilities of an infection control nurse is
to utilize evidence-based practice in preventing hospital-acquired infections also educate staff
and patient and infection prevention a lot of times the infection control nurse will
conduct in services and these in services are on various topics some of them might be on safety
some might be on hand hygiene some might be on application of personal protective equipment so
on and so forth so the third responsibilities of an infection control nurse is to develop and
review infection prevention control policies and procedures so it's important a lot of facilities
have current power and some of these policies might be updated so as a new infection control
nurse you'll be reviewing those pilots policies and procedures and you will also be updating
these policies and procedures to reflect new changes as the as things evolve and things
change over the years recommend appropriate isolation procedures for specific situations
a monitor antibiotic resistant organism in the institution notify the Public Health Department
on incidents of communicable diseases within the facility so as an infection control nurse
you will be I'm tracking communicable diseases and you will be reporting these communicable
diseases to the center of Disease Control so they it could be a statistic such as an tuberculosis
I have a simple case study here I'm going to read it for you mistress Eldridge is a 63 year
old woman who underwent a total hip replacement Cathy Jackson is a nursing student caring for
mrs. Eldridge on her home held clinical rotation two weeks after the surgery miss mrs. Eldridge
complaints of Tecate that she has increased pain in her left in her hip and low-grade fever Cathy
observes the incision and notes that it is red swollen unwanted touch so critical points what
does the fever erythema warmness at the incision site indicates obviously we can see these
objective symptoms so to speak is pointing at is area a localized infection which is Eldridge's
probably coming down with the localized infections so what should be the next step that the RN should
take based on her clinical findings or assessment so the next step is that the nurse will am after
conducting her physical assessment she's going to call the doctor and inform the doctor of the
clinical presentation and the doctor may order a culture of the on the site the incision site
the doctor may want to start the patient on a a broad-spectrum antibiotics maybe the doctor
may order some pain management for the clients name for interventions that they are introduced
so what are some things you're gonna do for your patient as a nurse the site is swollen and it's
warm to touch and it's red so some things you can do you can elevate that extremity to decrease the
edema you can probably also apply a May you're warm compressor to that sites you can administer
the pain medication as ordered by the physician or also obtain a culture of the incisional sites
and administer the antibiotic as order and also teach your patient about keeping the site clean
and dry to prevent further infection to take the medication as ordered and to observe for
any signs and symptoms of adverse reactions to the medications this slide here talks about
healthcare associated infection so healthcare associated infections or infections that are
core in healthcare facility patient patients at greater risk for healthcare associated infections
of patients that are have multiple illnesses specifically geriatric patients patient that
are pooling that that are not properly nourished patients that have compromised immune systems and
patient with chronic illnesses so what are some examples of healthcare associated infection so
we have here collapse here which is a central line-associated bloodstream infection we have
CAUTI catheter associated urinary tract infection and we have surgical site infections so these are
examples of hospital-acquired infections so these infections can be preventable so if we you know
as nurses if you use proper personal protective equipment if we maintain an sterility when we're
changing or inserting a Foley catheter or if you're doing a dressing on a patient's with a
central line and we're following strict sterility in performing the dress so these infections these
hospital quite infections can significantly significantly be reduced so that is for this
slide so we have types of healthcare associated infections we have the iatrogenic infection so I
had a genic it's from a procedure such as a bronc bronchoscopy or a broad-spectrum antibiotics it's
imperative to practice good infection control practices during every procedure to decrease
the incident of iatrogenic infections exogenous infection is from microorganisms outside the
individual such as the Salmonella the costs freedom and returning of the asparagus so
these are examples of the exogenous infection in the genius infection is when the patient's flora
body normal flora becomes altered and and there is an overgrowth resulting or probably of a yeast
infection or a Staphylococcus or Inter caucus infection so it's important to understand these
different types of hospital-acquired infections and what are the the interventions in terms too
many minimize these types of infections so factors influencing infection prevention and
controlled so we know as we know that patients that are the very young and also the very old
patients that are elderly elderly patients that have immune come immune system is compromised
they're at increased risk for infections and as we know the young when you're very young
your immune system is not fully matured so you're also at increased risk for infections nutritional
status if you're not eating healthy you're not having adequate amount of protein that
also can place you at an increased risk for infection also stress how do you manage stress
it's important stress plays also a huge role in terms of infection so it's important that you
manage your stress effectively and develop effective coping skills to to decrease your
stress levels so certain treatments also can compromise one's immune system and ability to
fight off infection such as chemotherapy patients have cancer and they're receiving chemo therapy or
radiation therapy that also lowers their immune response to fight infections or patients that
are receiving long-term steroid therapy also lower their risk for fighting infection weak
immune system certain diseases like advanced cancers advanced HIV their immune system is