the russian ciws is less deadly than you think
the cortex close in weapon system ciws is a modern naval air defense gun missile system deployed by
the russian navy its export version is known as kashtan with nato designation kadz n1 kashtan the
cortek is found on the russian aircraft carrier admiral kuznetsov kirov class battle cruiser
newt strashumi class frigate and the people's liberation army navy sovremony class destroyers
and other modern designs typically deployed as a combined gun and missile system it provides
defense against anti-ship missiles anti-radar missiles and guided bombs
the system can also be employed against fixed or rotary wing aircraft or even surface vessels
such as fast attack boats or targets on shore the core tick will be replaced in russian navy service
by the panzer mciws which uses similar rotary cannons but different missile and radar systems
the weapon is a modular system consisting of a command module and typically two combat modules as
in the case of the two subremini class destroyers taitsoo and ningbo in chinese service although
the number can be as many as eight in the case of admiral kuznetsov the command module detects and
tracks threats distributes targeting data on the combat modules and interrogates iff of approaching
threats the command module has a 3d target detection radar and an all-weather multi-band
integrated control system depending on the number of installed combat modules the system can engage
multiple targets simultaneously the combat modules automatically track using either radar
electro-optronic control system or both and then engages targets with missiles and guns
the combat modules are typically equipped with two gsh 30k six barrel 30 millimeter rotary cannons
fed by a linkless feeding mechanism and two 9m 311 missile launchers equipped with four ready-to-fire
missiles each and fed by a reloading system storing 32 missiles and ready to launch containers
the missiles used in the cortek are the 9 m311 missiles which is also used on the 9k 22 tembuska
the 9m311 is a sack loss guided missile however it is steered automatically by the command module
the warhead weighs 9 kilograms and is either laser or radiofused the warhead is a continuous
rod warhead with a steel cube fragmentation layer the detonation of the warhead will form a complete
circle of fragmentation that is 5 meters in radius and damage or destroy anything in that circle the
guns used in the cortex are the gsh 30k six barrel 30 millimeter rotary cannon individually each
gsh30k has a higher rate of fire compared to other guns used by other ciws such as the gau-8 on the
goalkeeper and the m61 vulcan on the phalanx along with the high rate of fire the fair heavy round
used by the cortic is comparable to the dpu rounds of the gau-8 avenger although the muzzle velocity
is slightly lower partially offsetting the high caliber and rate of fire a close-in weapon system
is a point defense weapon system for detecting and destroying short-range incoming missiles and enemy
aircraft which have penetrated the outer defenses typically mounted shipboard in a naval capacity
nearly all classes of larger modern warships are equipped with some kind of ciws device there are
two types of ciws systems a gun based ciws usually consists of a combination of radars computers and
a rapid firing multiple barrel rotary cannons placed on a rotating turret missile-based ciws
use either infrared passive radar esm or semi-active radar terminal guidance to guide
missiles to the targeted enemy aircraft or other threats in some cases ciws are used on land to
protect military bases in this case the ciws can also protect the base from shell and rocket fire
the ak-630 is a soviet and russian fully automatic naval close-in weapon system
based on a six-barreled 30 millimeter rotary cannon
in 630 six means 6 barrels and 30 means 30 millimeters it is mounted in an enclosed
automatic turret and directed by mr 123 radar in television detection and tracking the system's
primary purpose is defense against anti-ship missiles and other precision guided weapons
however it can also be employed against fixed or rotary wing aircraft ships and other small
craft coastal targets and floating mines once operational this weapon system was rapidly adopted
with up to 8 units installed in every new soviet warship and hundreds produced in total
the complete weapon system is called a213 vimple-a which comprises the ak-630m
gun mount mr12302 fire control radar system and sp-521 electrical optical tracker a single mr123
radar system can simultaneously control two guns either two 30 millimeter gun mounts or two 57
millimeter gun mounts or one 30 millimeter gun and one 57 millimeter gun the radar system can engage
aerial and surface targets at four kilometers and five kilometers respectively the electro optical
system can detect an mig-21 sized aerial target seven kilometers away while torpedo boat size
surface targets can be detected at a range of up to 70 kilometers features include surveillance and
tracking modes high jamming immunity laser range finder and tv optical sight it is in
operation on almost all russian navy ships from fast attack boats to the kirov battle cruiser
the gun mount is fully automated and can also be remotely controlled by an
operator from either the control console or via a remotely mounted
gun sight it is a higher firing rate than both the goalkeeper and philanths
ciws models they are often mounted in pairs with as many as four pairs mounted on the larger ships
providing an effective point of defense layer however like all gum based ciws they suffer
from the short engagement times and the need for multiple volleys to effectively eradicate a threat
short range the maximum effective range of a gun system is about 5 000 meters
systems with lighter projectiles have even shorter range the expected real-world kill
distance of an incoming anti-ship missile is about 500 meters or less still close enough to cause
damage to the ship's sensors or communication arrays or to wound or kill exposed personnel
thus some ciws like russian kashtan and pansier systems are augmented by installing the close
range sams on the same mount for increased tactical flexibility limited kill probability
even if the missile is hit and damaged this may not be enough to destroy it entirely or
to alter its course even in the case of a direct hit the missile or fragments from it may still
impact the intended target particularly if the final interception distance is short
this is especially true if the gun fires kinetic energy only projectiles
in 1983 a decision was made to update the design and modify the ak-630 system to include a second
gun mounted above the first which provides 10 000 rpm in total the ak-630m12 roy was
roughly the same size and weight allowing installation in existing ak-630 mounts
though the system proved to be successful the ak-630m12 roy was not accepted for production
due to the maturity of a combined missile and gun system then designated the three m87 cortec but
later called kashtan a derivative of ak-630m was developed for lightcraft and this system was named
as ak-306 externally the air-cooled ak-306 can be distinguished from the ak-630 by the
absence of the water cooling system internally the ak-306 used electricity to power the automatics
instead of using the exhaust this version also lacked radar control being only optically guided
hence making it less of an anti-missile weapon and more of a surface-to-surface
weapon and the designation of the overall system is consequently changed from a213
vimple-a to a219 the design started in 1974 and the system was accepted into service in 1980 when
production was completed in 1986 125 systems were in service thanks for watching this video
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