do you think it would be helpful to have a chart that compares the DNA of a match that you have
with a reference set of known relationships that could come in really handy if you're trying to
figure out what your relationship might be with that unknown match howdy I'm Andy Lee with family
history Fanatics and I have a tool that we are going to be talking about today while more
research is always needed there is a great tool that you can use now and get started it is called
the library of matches and was developed by Cody Eli and can be found on the DNA Painter website
with this tool you can see a set of chromosome paintings that show shared segments for different
relationships now this reference library can be really helpful in figuring out where on your
family tree a DNA match might reside by comparing your DNA matches with the chromosome paintings in
this reference library only 23andMe myheritage family tree DNA and GED match provide chromosome
browsers that create the chromosome paintings you want to view when using the DNA Painter tool once
you find a match that you want to compare you can go to the chromosome browser and gather that
segment information input it into DNA Painter in your own chromosome painting and then compare that
painting with similar relationships that are in the reference library what this allows you to do
is take that shared Center Morgans that you have with this unknown match and instead of a big long
list of relationships to research you can narrow that down and focus your research on some of the
most likely ones let me show you how to use the Library of Matches tool so that you can see how
you might be able to use it in your research on the DNA Painter website if we go to tools
we can see the list of tools they have and as we scroll down there is a tool called the
Library of Matches this tool is free to use on the DNA Painter you don't even need to have a
account on DNA Painter to use it you can just go to that tools section and look up that information
now what the Library of Matches is is a group of relationships that have been mapped out on DNA
Painter and these were some of the developers family members but also he solicited other
people so looking at this we can see here the different relationships that are represented
by the different colors for instance at the top we have a grandparent grandchild relationship I
click on that and it's going to pull up and you can see what that grandparent grandchild
relationship looks like from a painted standpoint and you can actually compare that with other
grandparent grandchildren relationships here is another one that is grandparent grandchild you
can see it's a lot of the chromosomes have a match on it and they're in nice big segments this set
is very useful I think because this is real world examples of what people's relationships look like
when we're looking at it on a DNA level let's go down and let's take a look at an ant uncle
niece nephew relationship again this shares the same amount of DNA as that grandparent
grandchild relationship but one thing you might notice is that there's a couple of
little small segments intermixed in there and it's not just for those close relationships if
we scroll down further we can see that we have things in the first cousin range the
half first cousin all the way down I believe let's go to the bottom left of the list here
there is a fourth cousin represented on here and a fifth cousin once removed as well as everything
there in between now besides just looking at this for individual Relationships by clicking
on any one of these where you can see what DNA is being shared you can also click on any one of the
chromosomes over here let's do chromosome number six and you can see what segments are shared with
which relationships in this database now all of these relationships are not necessarily related
to each other they are just a compilation that has been collected by the developer of this database
now where this might be useful is if you have some amount of DNA that is similar like let's
say for instance you have a match that shares 100 centimorgans we can scroll up here to around
100 cent Morgans and we can see what different relationships are identified in that and that
is something that you can do from other tools but what the nice thing about this tool is we can take
a look at this first cousin three times removed and see basically what that pattern of how these
segments are broken out you know how many big long segments how many small segments there are and we
can go to other relationships as well so that was a first cousin three times removed this is a third
cousin shares almost the same amount of DNA but you can see that hey it's a little bit different
you know there's one great big long segment and a few little segments and you can start to get
an idea of whether or not here's a half burst cousin four times removed whether or not what
you're seeing on your match is more indicative of one of these other relationships for instance this
half relationship here all of these are actually pretty you know small segments that added together
they still get to that 101 centimorgans and let's take a look at oh one more Heroes half
second cousin once removed now again all of these segments that I'm looking at here all have roughly
a hundred cent Morgans but you can see that how that 100 set of organs is divided out is very
different between each one of those relationships now there's not been a lot of research on how
specific relationships are going to divide out a lot of that just on more close relationships like
aunts and uncles grandparents and half siblings once we get to first and second and third and
fourth cousins we don't necessarily have good data there but it is a way that you can take a look at
what some other relationships that are similar to your course as far as the amount of shared DNA and
maybe narrow down oh you know what mine is broken out very similar to what these half first cousin
relationships are as opposed to these second cousin relationships and from that you might
decide okay I'm going to focus my research then on looking at these half first cousin relationships
now if you wanted to narrow this list down there is a little search bar in the bottom here that we
can put in any relationship so for instance I'm just going to put in third cousins now this is
going to be specific so if you want to be looking at third cousins once removed you need to put in
three c one R but you can see that this list has now been narrowed down to just the third cousins
once removed and I can change that to half and just look at half relationships it is gone and
it's found not only half siblings but half first cousins half second cousins all the way down
through the line there so you you can quickly see some different relationships and how the segments
of those DNA are spread out on the genome for those relationships so let me show you now a
comparison with some unknown matches two specific relationships in the tool what I have here is I
have a new painting that has three matches the blue purple and green now the blue match is known
that's actually me and we are comparing me with one of my grandparents the purple and the green
matches are unknown matches to my grandmother and you can see that the pattern for me and these
two unknown matches is different throughout we're going to take a look now at the Library of Matches
to see how similar or dissimilar me and these two unknown matches might be to the relationships that
they relate to now the one thing to remember here is that all three of these matches share between
1700 and 2000 centimorgans with my grandmother so they're all in the grandchild Aunt uncle and half
sibling relationship first let me hide these two that are unknown so it's just showing myself now
I'm going to go over to the Library of Matches the first thing I want to do is click on the none and
that is going to hide everything so no matches are showing next I want to take this group and I
want to shrink it down to the known relationship in this case now this is on my paternal side and
it is my grandparent you can see that this list is much smaller now now I'm going to go through
and take a look at each one of these and compare it to the match that I am with my grandmother so
let's highlight this first one and what we can see here is we've got some great big long segments and
we actually have a full chromosome there and almost a full chromosome there another full
chromosome at the bottom we switch over to myself and we're seeing pretty much the same thing now
it's obviously not going to be in the exact same locations but you can see some of these big long
segments with either nearly full chromosomes in some cases or full chromosomes in some cases I'm
going to switch back and what I would do if I was doing research and this was unknown is I
would actually just be looking at each one of these and going back and forth just to compare
hey how do these line up is there anything that I see that is you know drastically different
and in this case all of these paternal grandparent ones have roughly that same pattern of great big
long segments maybe a few of these little segments but also some full chromosomes that is what I have
as well so let's go and let's take a look at an unknown match so I'm going to hide myself pull
up the first unknown match and you can see just right off the bat this is a little bit different
even though we share roughly the same amount of centimorgans this is a lot more broken up
in other words there's much smaller segments more segments on a single chromosome there
still may be some large segments but one thing that you don't see is you don't see
full chromosomes or if you do see it's almost barely a full chromosome with maybe just a
little part missing and there's only one or maybe two of those so this is actually a much
different pattern even though it shares the same amount the other thing that you can see with this
is this is doubled in other words with myself I knew it was on my paternal side and so it's only
showing on the paternal since this is an unknown relative I have it so it's actually highlighting
both the maternal and paternal once we figure out whether it's on the paternal side of the
maternal side we can change that and it will show up correctly but for now it's showing up
covering both chromosomes now over on the Library of Matches we still have the paternal grandparents
pulled up so I can see just looking at these ones here as I scroll through none of them
are similar to what we're seeing in the unknown match sometimes there's a few small segments
but it's not multiple small segments on multiple different chromosomes it's usually a small segment
on one maybe two small segments on one chromosome and that's it in this case I've got several
chromosomes that have three or even four different segments on them so I know this is probably not a
paternal grandparent so let me go and just change this to a maternal grandparent they share roughly
the same amount of centimorgans and now I'm just going to go through and scroll through the
maternal grandparents and see so as I'm taking a look at these as I'm scrolling through these what
I am seeing different in the pattern here is there are some big long chromosomes but there's more
I guess you could call it medium-sized segments there's sometimes in small segments but not very
often and as I'm looking at this and again this is more just judging from your own viewpoint I'm not
seeing the same pattern that I'm seeing with this unknown match again this unknown match while they
have some of these medium-sized segments there's a lot of little small segments all throughout on
these ones yes there's some smaller segments so usually on the ends but most of the ones in
the middles of the chromosome are medium sized or even longer and I'm still seeing as you can
see here full chromosome in some cases where these people are matching so I would say just on looking
at this this match is probably not a maternal grandchild of my grandmother so let's go to the
next one and that would be a half sibling and I'm going to start with a paternal path sibling
so again I have several different matches that I can look at and let's just start going through
so the first thing here is this paternal side I'm seeing lots of big long segments now there's some
more little segments interspersed in here but it is a combination of big long segments and little
segments with a few medium segments thrown in when I go back and look at my unknown match
that's not what I'm really seeing I'm seeing mainly medium-sized segments with a lot of
little segments now I can see multiple different paternal half siblings but each time we're having
roughly the same pattern of long segments and a few short segments so this match is probably not
a paternal half sibling just from looking at the pattern there if I go and I change this now to
a maternal half sibling I can start looking at these ones okay so the first thing that
I'm seeing just as I start to scroll through is I'm seeing a lot of little segments with
some medium segments now one thing I am seeing just looking at this is hey there's a big long
segment there's not many big long segments but there are a couple of big long segments
you can see down here this is almost a full chromosome on chromosome number 16 on that match
and again I'm seeing it's a lot closer as far as the pattern to what I have let me switch
over to that so you can see but the difference I think just looking at this is I don't see what I
would call big long segments that cover almost the entire chromosome anytime for instance on
chromosome number nine that it's almost covered there's actually a couple of missing segments in
there and so I can go through and take a look at these and yeah in general this is a lot closer
and I might be a small possibility and so I'd put hey I should probably research a maternal
half sibling but to me it doesn't look like the strongest possibility so let me go and take a
look at the next one in this group and these would be paternal aunts and uncles aunts and uncles are
not separated out by maternal and paternal but I can go and I can start looking through these ones
just like I've looked through a lot of the others now as I'm going through this what I'm seeing is
this looks you know pretty similar actually to that maternal half sibling in some cases
it looks like there might be some big long segments but I'm seeing again a lot more little
segments and a lot of those medium segments and you know for instance some places like six here
I've got four segments on this one chromosome it covers most of it there's a few missing spots
there and that actually looks a lot like some of the chromosomes that I have I've got this
chromosome number nine it's missing a couple spots there's even chromosome number one it's got four
segments on it missing some sections in between it so I might say that an ant uncle is probably
a good place to start researching as well as that maternal half sibling as possibilities
but one of the things that I think I can see here in just looking at these patterns
is it's likely not going to be that paternal half sibling or the grandparent grandchild relationship
so I've taken this set of relationships and I've actually narrowed it down now to two
relationships to actually do some research on now you might be wondering whether you
actually have a situation where you're going to use this tool or maybe not and I would say it's
good to know that there is this tool there and it provides a way to visualize some of
this DNA data across multiple relationships that you normally wouldn't have unless you've
been gathering this yourself I have a lot of videos about different tools if you want
to check out this one up here you can learn how to use another tool to help in your DNA results