In this video,
mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome DNA of Europeans
In this video, mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome DNA of Europeans who lived between 9000 and 45,000 years ago were mapped.
In the last video,
we looked into the area where Neanderthals lived and their lives.
We also looked at the Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups
of the first Europeans to enter their territory.
100,000 years ago,
descendants of Y-chromosomal DNA haplogroup CT fled Africa,
to form a population in West Asia with haplogroup CF 75,000 years ago.
And a group with the C gene,
a direct descendant of it
settled in Southwest Asia 53,000 years ago.
And some of them arrived in Europe 45,000 years ago,
while others migrate to Asia.
Haplogroup C,
who moved to Europe,
had a darker skin color than the current Europeans.
Their appearance was intermediate between African and Asian.
The first Europeans lived on the same land for about 10,000 years,
sharing resources.
For more information on this,
please refer to the card linked in the upper right corner.
In this video,
we share the genetic information of all modern humans who lived up to 9000 years ago,
as well as when they lived together with Neanderthals.
The location of excavated remains ,
where genetic analysis was performed is displayed on a map,
along with genetic information.
Y-chromosome DNA as well as mitochondrial DNA are represented together.
Mitochondrial DNA
is a gene that is passed on to offspring only through the maternal lineage.
Y-chromosomal DNA is a gene that is passed only through paternal lineage.
The migration path of mitochondrial DNA Eve and Y-chromosome Adam is described in detail by clicking the link at the top right.
The brown label above the map is the actual site where Neanderthals were found.
The white label is the site where modern humans were found.
Under the label where modern humans have been excavated,
the red text is the mitochondrial DNA of the excavated remains,
and the blue text is the Y chromosome DNA haplogroup and its mutation name.
If the genes of the remains excavated from the same site differ by era,
they are additionally displayed below or on the right.
The number at the top center is the estimated year.
Displays the earliest possible age.
So let's see how the genes of the people who lived in this area have changed over time?