We have something different this week.
We’re looking at phrases invented by William Shakespeare.
Yeah, really.
You’re going to learn from Shakespeare.
William Shakespeare is the greatest English writer and poet who's ever lived.
He died 400 years ago, but here’s the thing.
We’re still using phrases and expressions that he invented today.
So let’s look at some.
First one.
We often use this phrase when we’re telling a story.
It means quickly and unexpectedly.
Shakespeare used it to talk about how fast we can fall in love because that can happen
quickly and suddenly.
Falling in love is a nice surprise, but we can use this phrase with bad surprises too
– things that shock us.
For example, all of a sudden, an alarm went off.
The lights went out and all of a sudden, I someone grabbed my neck.
Next one?
Shakespeare wrote a play about a man called Macbeth.
Macbeth was a murderer.
He killed four people and his wife, Lady Macbeth, encouraged him to do it.
She said, 'Go on kill them.
It’ll be good for us'.
So he did, but after the murders, Macbeth felt badly about it and his wife wanted to
comfort him, so she said 'What’s done is done'.
Can you guess what she meant?
We say this when we want to point out that you can’t change something that’s already
happened.
So if you spill some milk, there’s nothing you can do about it, and I might say ‘Forget it.
Move on.
What’s done is done'.
That’s great, Sally.
Bye.
Sally’s coming to our party.
You invited Sally?
Yes.
Oh no.
What’s the matter?
Well Peter’s coming.
He hates Sally.
She dumped him.
Well it’s too late now.
What’s done is done.
OK, here’s another expression from the play Macbeth.
One of the characters gets tragic news – terrible sad news.
All his family have been killed at once – all of them at the same time, in one go.
And that’s the meaning of 'in one fell swoop'.
We say it when a lot of bad things happen at the same time, as the result of a single
action.
I’ve got terrible news.
What’s happened?
You know I told you there's new management at the company.
Yeah?
Well, they let everyone go.
Everyone?
Yes.
They laid off 300 people in one fell swoop.
Oh my.
They laid off 300 people in one fell swoop.
Oh my.
Let's have a happier phrase now.
We use this expression to say something happened by chance.
These days we normally say ‘as luck would have it’, so we drop the word ‘good’.
It means by lucky chance.
Let’s see it in action.
IWe've had a difficult month.
Yes.
First the car broke down.
That cost a thousand dollars to fix.
And then we had medical bills.
Another thousand dollars.
We didn’t know how we were going to pay the electric bill.
But as luck would have it, I won a prize in the lottery.
Amazing!
Two thousand dollars!
But as luck would have it, I won a prize in the lottery.
OK, I’ve got two more for you.
Here’s one Shakespeare used in several plays.
Now the word ‘fair’ here means treating people equally, in the right way.
If a game is fair, then everyone has an equal chance of winning.
And playing fair – that means following the rules of a game and not cheating.
So if someone cheats, it’s not fair play.
Oh hurry up Jay.
Just a second.
What are you doing?
I’m looking in the dictionary.
But that’s cheating.
He has no sense of fair play.
Our last phrase is the opposite of fair play and Shakespeare invented this expression too.
Foul play is when you do something dishonest and unfair.
Footballers are sometimes sent off because of foul play.
But foul play has another common meaning today.
If someone dies and it wasn’t an accident or natural death, it’s foul play.
So it’s is some kind of violent criminal action that results in a death.
What do you think?
He’s dead.
Yes, but what happened?
Hmm.
Maybe it was suicide.
Really?
I think there was foul play.
You think?
I think there was foul play.
You think?
Now there’s an interesting thing about all these phrases and expressions.
Native English speakers just say them, and we don’t normally know that they come from
William Shakespeare.
And there are hundreds more phrases that he invented, so we’re planning to make another
video on this topic.
Let us know in the comments if that’s a good idea.
And if you enjoyed this video please share it with a friend who’s also learning English.
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See you next week everyone.