Assalamoalikum and Welcome back to Orange Shots
When the vessels are on international voyages ..
.. Calling ports of different countries, it's but natural ..
.. to pass through borders of a 3rd country (many times)
Do we need a special permission to enter those borders? ..
.. are there any pre-requisites that we need to fulfil ..
Or- is there a set of rules and regulations that we follow ..
.. or it is just a regular everyday affair?
If you guys wish to watch this video in English language ..
Then within 12-24 hrs of publishing this video on Orange Shots ..
this video will be published on "Captain Zahid" in english ..
.. language, you can go there and watch it.
If you guys wish to watch this video in English language ..
within 12-24 hrs of publishing this video on Orange Shots ..
this video will be published on "Captain Zahid" in english
.. language, you can go there and watch it.
Jut the way land has been divided into different Countries
.. if you have a look at world map (that is) ..
Similarly the seas & oceans are divided too.
Every country has special rights to the adjoining Seas ..
UNCLOS ensures this fair distribution of the adjoining seas
i.e Unite Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea
If you have a closer look at UNCLOS, all the seas and Oceans
.. have been divided into 3 main parts ..
.. there are others details to it as well ..
..but let's stay away from the fine details for now ..
The ocean beyond 200 nautical miles from any country ..
.. is regarded as INTERNATIONAL WATERS
Sea area between a distance of 200 NM and 12 NM from
.. any country is regarded as EEZ or Exclusive Economic Zone
Sea area between a distance of 12 NM and a country's
.. coast is regarded as Territorial Waters.
In case you're getting confused about this 200 NM, 12 NM
Distance, you can simply multiply it by 1.852 to get the ..
.. distance in Kilometres.
there comes many instances in an international voyage ..
of a ship where she enters the borders of a 3rd country ..
Take Singapore straits as an example, Malacca Straits,
Taiwan straits, sometimes you pass close to china, Close
to Hong Kong ..
When in Malacca and singapore Straits, you touch the
borders of Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore ..
On One side there is Iran & on the Other Side there is
Oman in straits of Hormuz.
While passing through Straits of Gibraltar, On one side is
Gibraltar and Spain and on the other side is Morocco
So.. What does the regulations say about touching these borders?
If we have a look at the area beyond 200 NM from any coast ..
That is also called "INTERNATIONAL WATERS" ..
Every vessel in the world has the right to pass through
or go to this area.
You will need to follow certain regulations like MARPOL etc
Keeping them aside, there is really nothing that would
stop a vessel to go to international waters.
Now if we talk about the area from 200 NM to 12 NM ..
away from the coast, that's also termed as EEZ ..
or Exclusive Economic zone
The adjoining Coastal State has rights over it ..
They have rights over resources in EEZ ..
By all means we are allowed to pass through that area ..
As long as we don't temper with or take advantage of ..
.. the resources therein.
If we do that, then another set of rules are to be abided by
But even if we don't temper with or take advantage of resources
We still need to follow local rules and regulations ..
Some countries enforce their own laws like UK and USA
But in General they are Just like "International Waters" for
.. Us and we can easily pass through those areas.
Now, let's talk about that last division of Sea Area ..
that's up to 12 NM from coast ..
Or "TERRITORIAL WATERS"
International regulations allow us to pass closer than ..
12 NM from any land or country.
We can do that by all means ..
But this passage needs to be an innocent Passage
Causing no interaction with that country or her resources
A simple definition of "innocent Passage" is ..
That we are not allowed to buy or sell anything there ..
no business is to be conducted there ..
The resources of the governing country are not to ..
.. be tampered with or taken advantage of ..
Or simply -- we cannot interact with anything in that area.
But then there is another thing, The "Port Limits"
.. as many countries have their ports operating in ..
.. these territorial waters.
Every port has a certain Port Limit
This limit can be anywhere from 6 NM to 12 NM ..
A vessel cannot enter those port limits even if she is ..
.. on an Innocent Passage.
Even if our normal passage plan takes us to 3/4 NM from ..
.. the coast, we have to avoid the port limits.
Except - if that port allows innocent Passage ..
or, if we have to call that port and engage in some activity.
One more important thing is that every country does ..
.. not recognise all these clauses set out by the UN.
Some countries claim an area of up to 18 NM (from their coast)
as Territorial Waters, Some claim an area of up to 24 NM.
& if we're passing through such an area (claimed by ..
.. some country)
Despite not accepted or acknowledged by other countries
We still follow all the rules and regulations set by ..
the Claiming country in her territorial waters.
Just to avoid any complications ..
e.g - some countries only allow consumption of certain ..
kind and type of Fuel oil in the Main engine of a ship ..
We comply with that requirement and only use the ..
.. allowed kind of Fuel Oil, to reduce emissions from vessel.
Similarly if a country forbids the discharge of ..
.. sewage in their waters .. then we follow that too ..
because we comply with the rules and regulations set ..
forth by that country in this regard.
Apart from these three areas of the seas / Ocean,
there are 3 more sea areas of concern for us ..
One is SPECIAL AREA
2nd is PSSA or Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas
3rd is ECA or Emission control area
SPECIAL AREA usually is the one surrounded by land on ..
.. most sides and there is only a narrow passage for ..
entrance and Exit of Sea Water.
Special regulations regarding Garbage & effluent discharges ..
from the ships are applicable there ..
.. including discharges from Machinery spaces ..
.. and we strictly adhere to them in SPECIAL AREAS .
the PSSA are the areas near South Africa, Near Australia
e.g Great Barrier Reef - that's a PSSA
They have special regulations to maintain the Marine
life in pristine condition.
There are Special Garbage regulations ..
Regulations regarding discharge from Machinery spaces ..
Regulations about Sewage ..
and we adhere to all of them ..
.. to maintain pristine condition of those areas ..
.. & to not cause any harm to it ..
Third area is ECA - Emissions control area
in that area vessel is allowed to use only certain kind of
.. Fuel Oil to keep Sulphur emissions to minimum
We keep the Special Oil for using in that area and we only ..
.. use the allowed Fuel there
.. to keep Sulphur emissions to minimum.
& in order to comply with the set Rules and regulations.
In an essence, most of the ocean is open to us ..
No one stops us from going to any part of the Ocean ..
.. as long as we're complying with the applicable ..
rules and regulations ..
That was it for today's Video and I hope you've enjoyed it ..
& after recording this Video in 2 languages - English and
.. Urdu - my throat is dry now ..
In case you have enjoyed today's video ..
Don't forget to like it, Share it,
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Take very good care of yourself ..
Keep me in your prayers
With tonnes of love to my Orange Shots Family
& to be Orange Shots Family ..
This is me Zahid Nisar
You are watching Orange Shots ..
Until the next Video ..
Allah Hafiz ..