Hello everyone, and welcome back to my channel, Sparkle English, where I teach you how to improve
your level of English. My name is Jennifer. If you want more lessons like this one on English
grammar, make sure to click on the links in the description below this video to see my
full grammar playlist. Today I'm going to teach you about simple and compound sentences. This is
very basic but essential English grammar. So what is a simple sentence? A simple sentence contains
one independent clause. It contains a subject and a predicate. A predicate is the part of a
sentence that contains a verb and tells us about the subject. So for example the woman smiled.
Here we have a subject, the woman. And we have the predicate smiled. And this is an independent
clause. It is a sentence that can stand alone and makes sense. We can also add more words to this
sentence. For example the beautiful woman smiled at the child. Here we've added an adjective,
we've added a preposition, an article and a noun. But it is still a simple sentence.
And what about the beautiful woman smiled at the adorable curly haired child?
This is still a simple sentence because it only contains one subject, the woman and one predicate.
In this case, the predicate is short smiled and then it becomes much longer
if we add more information. For example smiled at the adorable curly haired child. Let's look
at this example. The dog barked again. We have a subject. The dog and we have the predicate barked.
Here we have a simple subject. And a simple predicate. But sometimes we can have sentences
with compound subjects or compound predicates. For example, Jack and Jill went up the hill.
Here we have a compound subject. A compound subject is a subject made up of two or more
simple subjects that are joined by a coordinating conjunction and that have up the same predicate.
So we have two simple subjects Jack, Jill, joined by the coordinating conjunction and
but both of these share the same predicate. Went up the hill and this is still a simple sentence.
Here's another example. The girls laughed and cried. Here we have a compound predicate. A
compound predicate is when two verbs share the same subject. So laughed and cried. This predicate
is shared by the subject girls. And these are also simple sentences, even with a compound
subject and a compound predicate. Let's look at some more simple sentence examples. The handsome
sailor tossed the anchor into the sea. You can see we have the subject, the handsome sailor and
we have the predicate tossed the anchor into the sea. It was another hot and sunny day in Miami.
We have the subject it and the predicate was another hot and sunny day in Miami. You aren't
listening to me. We have the subject you and the predicate aren't listening to me. My grandmother
had beautiful silver hair. We have the subject my grandmother and the predicate had beautiful
silver hair. I love watching science fiction movies but hate documentaries. Here we have.
The subject. I and we have a compound predicate. Love watching science fiction movies but hate
documentaries. We've got both verbs love and hate, but they're shared by the same subject. I
so what is a compound sentence? A compound sentence contains two
independent clauses. It contains two subjects and two predicates. For example the woman smiled,
but the man frowned. Here we have a subject and a predicate. The woman smiled and the
woman smiled is an independent clause. It's also a simple sentence. And we have another subject.
The man and another predicate frowned. So here we have two independent clauses and we join them by
a comma plus a coordinating conjunction. So a compound sentence is when you have two simple
sentences, two independent clauses that can stand alone by themselves as complete sentences that we
join with a coordinating conjunction and a comma. So you can create a compound sentence by combining
two or more independent clauses with a comma and one of the seven coordinating conjunctions for
and nor but or yet. So an easy way to remember this is fanboys. So let's look at some examples.
Mrs Barnes wants to lose weight, yet she can't stop stop eating sugar. You can see here we have
two subjects, mrs Barnes and she, and also two predicates. Wants to lose weight, can't stop
eating it's another example. We're going to the concert now and Beth will meet us at the entrance.
Again, we have two independent clauses and we've joined them with a comma plus. And we
have two subjects, Weir and Beth. There's a storm coming, so we are going to stay in tonight. Again,
we have two independent clauses that are joined by a comma plus a coordinating conjunction. So these
are all compound sentences. You can also combine two simple sentences using a semicolon if the
sentences are closely related. So here are some examples of compound sentences with semicolons.
The sun is shining, the birds are chirping. We have two subjects, the sun and the birds, and
two predicates is shining. Art chirping. Here's another example. I saw a magnificent line at
the zoo. It was feeding three cubs. Again, these sentences are closely related, so we can join them
using a semicolon and it is a compound sentence. We have an exam tomorrow. I don't feel prepared.
So you have the option of either creating compound sentences by using a comma plus a coordinating
conjunction, or by using a semicolon. In the first example, we could say, the sun is shining comma
and the birds are chirping. Or I saw a magnificent line at the zoo comma and it was feeding three
cubs. We have an exam tomorrow, but I don't feel prepared. So it's up to you how you want to create
compound sentences. Alternatively, you could just leave out the semicolon and make this into two
simple sentences the sun is shining. Period. And then capitalize, the birds are chirping.
OK, so now we're going to do a quiz. You have to identify the simple and compound
sentences. Number one. You shouldn't speak to your mother in that manner.
Number two mom and dad were looking at old photographs for hours.
Number three. We need to leave. It's getting late. Number four. The boys played football with
their friends last night. Number five. He's going back to school, but he doesn't start until March.
Number six. The girls invented a new game to play at recess. Number seven pack up your bags. We're
going on an adventure. And finally number eight the supermarket and my gym are closed on Sundays,
so number one is a simple sentence. Number two is also a simple sentence. Number three is a
compound sentence we've created using a semicolon. Number four is a simple sentence. Number five is
a compound sentence that we have created using a comma plus a coordinating conjunction. Number six
is a simple sentence. Number seven is another compound sentence created using a semicolon.
And finally number eight is a simple sentence. Let me know in the comment section how many you
got correct out of eight on this quiz. If you have any questions, feel free to ask me in the
comment section of this video. Stay tuned for more lessons like this one, and thanks for watching.