Hello, everyone and welcome.
In this video we're going to be talking about
how engine oil systems work.
And a huge "thank you" to Penzoil for sponsoring this video.
They've got a line of synthetic motor oils which are
derived from natural gas, which we will talk a little bit more later
on in this video about.
Now, how do these engine oil systems work?
Well, first of all let's talk about the goal; what is the
purpose of these systems?
There's really three main goals you want to keep in mind:
They want to reduce friction; that's so you can create
more power and be more fuel-efficient,
you want to reduce wear of course, that's probably the most obvious
goal of having oil in here so you want to prevent
metal-on-metal contact by using oil in between those two metal pieces,
and that will reduce wear.
And then of course remove deposits or contaminants;
and so that's just so you don't damage anything in the engine.
So you want it to be efficient; you want it to last for a long time; and you don't want to damage it.
So these are really the goals behind using engine oil
and this engine oil system.
So how does this system work?
Well, really there's a cycle that the whole thing follows.
And it all starts in your oil pan or your engine sump.
So you've got your oil all built up, just hanging out down there.
You've got an oil pick-up tube, which is going to suck
up that oil into the pump.
This pump will be driven by an engine belt, typically.
And so that's going to pull in that engine oil.
It's going to send it through an oil filter.
And then out of the oil filter it's going to be
dispersed onto different channels and lubricate different systems
within the engine.
So one of the first ones here, the crankshaft.
So it's going to be sending oil to these journal bearings.
About which the crankshaft rotates.
So if you're looking at a crankshaft, that would be like right here,
and right here, that you'd be sending that oil
in these channels right here to rotate.
So that they would remain lubricated.
And then there's going to be paths within these channels,
that would travel up to this connecting rod bearing, here,
so that that can remain lubricated, as well.
So the oil will come up in here, travel up through here into the crankshaft.
And then lubricate that connecting rod bearing right there.
So that is how your crankshaft is going to remain lubricated.
The oil can then of course just fall back down into return channels,
and return to your oil pan.
Another system we're going to send that oil to, of course
is the pistons so you can have a rail which is going to squirting
oil up underneath these pistons to keep them lubricated;
to keep these skirts lubricated.
And makes sure you have a nice seal for combustion.
And so you'll also notice on these pistons you've got these little holes on it.
And what these little holes do is allow for that oil to return to drain out
and fall back down into the return channels.
And return to your oil pan.
So we're lubricating our pistons, we're lubricating our crankshaft,
and of course we have to be able to lubricate our valvetrain.
So here you can see the different ways that we're going
to lubricate this valvetrain.
We're going to same, similar-style journal bearing lubrication
Like what we did with the crankshaft.
On our camshaft, where it's rotating.
You'll also be spraying oil onto the cam lobes.
That's where you're going to have really high pressure when that cam lobe
is opening and closing the valve, so
you want to make sure that you have a good oil film right there
to protect those camshafts.
And so that's the lubrication of the valvetrain.
It will eventually all drop back down.
And fall back into your oilpan.
And then this cycle will repeat itself.
Now a couple things to note, you'll have pressure within these lines,
and then once it's released,
that oil pressure is gone and it falls back down into your channel.
And so as you increase your engine RPM,
because your pump is belt-driven, here,
you're going to increase that oil pressure.
And you want that to happen, because as these
components are moving faster, you need the oil to
circulate through them faster.
So that happens naturally because you've got that geared
with your engine, and so it's going to speed up
as your engine speeds up, and makes sure everything is lubricated.
And as I mentioned, everything eventually just falls back down.
And goes back into your oilpan, and the cycle repeats itself.
So, what does all this have to do with Penzoil?
Why were you talking about Penzoil synthetic oils derived from natural gas?
Well there's a couple benefits of using natural gas as their derivation for their base oil.
One of the advantages is it allows you to use low
viscosities at low temperatures.
So these 0W-20 oils, when you see that zero winter grade,
that typically means it's going to be a synthetic oil
because it's difficult to get conventional oils
down to these low temperatures.
Another advantage -- or to have rather to have good lubrication, to have good flow,
to have low viscosity at these low temperatures.
Likewise, it will have a low volatility at high temperatures.
So when the oil gets really hot,
what this means is it's not going to be burning
off the lighter molecules within that engine oil.
And so that keeps its current original characteristics
throughout the life of that oil which is a really good thing
to have. So with some simple conventional oils,
those lighter molecules will burn off, and you're
going to change the grade of the oil. So at cold
start-ups, it's going to start to get heavier,
and it can even be heavier once it's at operating temperature.
And so at cold start-ups you're not going to have the protection
that your engine was designed for towards the end of your cycle
of your engine oil interval.
And once you're at operating temperatures,
it may not be flowing the way it was designed
to. So that's one of the big advantages of using synthetic
oils, is that they maintain their viscosity properties througout
that oil change interval. Versus conventional oils will tend to
start to get thicker towards the end, not quite retaining their original
properties as well as synthetic oils.
So, thank you all for watching!
And if you have any questions or comments,
feel free to leave them below!