- [Tutor] Surgical removal of the tumor
is a common treatment for breast cancer.
There are a number of surgical techniques,
and your doctor will help you decide
which is best for your situation.
In addition to removing your breast tissue,
it may be necessary to remove some,
or all of the lymph nodes under your arm.
Before the procedure, an intravenous line will be started
and you may be given an oral sedative to help you relax.
Breast surgery usually requires general anesthesia.
A breathing tube will be inserted through your mouth,
and into your throat and you will be given medications
to put you to sleep for the duration of the procedure.
Depending on the type of procedure,
breast cancer surgery usually takes one to three hours.
The main surgical procedures are lumpectomy and mastectomy.
A lumpectomy preserves the appearance of the breast.
The tumor along with a margin
of surrounding tissue is removed.
In this procedure, your surgeon will make an incision
in the skin and separate the tumor
and a margin of healthy tissue from the breast
with a scalpel.
Then your surgeon will remove the mass with forceps,
send it to the pathology lab for examination
and close the wound with sutures.
In a mastectomy the entire breast is removed,
this is usually indicated when the tumor
is too large for a lumpectomy.
In a simple mastectomy only your breast tissue is removed.
Your surgeon will begin
by making an incision around your nipple,
he or she will then separate your breast tissue
from the muscle underneath and remove it for examination.
Finally, your surgeon will insert drains
to prevent fluid collection before closing the wound.
The most common type of mastectomy
is a modified radical mastectomy
in which the entire breast and some,
or all of the lymph nodes under your arm are removed.
In this procedure, your surgeon will make an incision
along the length of your breast,
separate your breast tissue from the muscle underneath
and remove it for examination.
To remove the lymph nodes under your arm,
many surgeons use a technique called sentinel node biopsy.
In this procedure, die is injected into your breast
to determine which lymph nodes drain fluid first.
It is these lymph nodes that are most likely
to contain cancer.
Your surgeon will remove one to three of these lymph nodes
for examination, insert drains
and close the wound with sutures.
In a radical mastectomy, the breast,
underlying tissue, muscle beneath the breast
and all visible lymph nodes are all removed.
Your surgeon will begin
by making an incision along the length of the breast.
Next, he or she will separate all of the breast tissue,
muscle from the chest wall and visible lymph nodes
and remove them for examination.
Finally, your surgeon will insert drains
before closing the wound.
After your breast surgery,
your breathing tube will be removed
and you'll be taken to the recovery area for monitoring.
Lumpectomies are often done as outpatient procedures.
In this case, you'll be able
to leave the hospital after several hours.
If your surgery is done as an inpatient,
your doctor will generally have you remain
in the hospital for one to two days
to monitor your recovery.
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