rolling hi everybody welcome back to our
weekly live stream my name is alicia and
today we're going to talk about how to
use wood to talk about the future so
i've said the future here for this
lesson because we're going to cover many
different ways to use wood to imagine
the future to imagine the present also
we're going to talk about using it to
make requests and offers and invitations
and to express preferences uh finally
we're also going to talk about the
differences between would and will in
conditional sentences something that i
often see learners struggle with we have
so much to do today so we're going to
start in about two minutes uh while we
wait for other people to join though uh
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today's lesson
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all right we're working on a technical
issue right now on our facebook stream
so hopefully we'll be able to get
rolling in just a minute i'm not sure
there's a small facebook problem
apologies but if you missed it today
we're talking about how to use wood to
talk about the future so i guess for now
facebook's being a little bit tricky
today yeah
so
very mysterious so i'm going to start
off with our first point for today our
first item for today's lesson is
conditionals conditionals and i'm going
to talk about conditionals with
questions so a conditional
a conditional is a sentence that has
that if something something then
something something pattern or you can
switch it as well so i want to start
today's lesson uh by talking about these
conditionals
so uh first i want to talk about
conditionals with statements so uh we'll
zoom in in a little bit uh our control
desk is busy trying to fix some things
right now so conditionals with
statements first of all
when we make a conditional with a
statement we have a pattern uh like if
our subject were something something and
then we follow it with subject would or
wouldn't plus the infinitive form of the
verb
so for today's lesson i'm going to focus
on this the second conditional so maybe
some of you know like first conditional
second conditional third conditional and
so on for today's lesson i'm going to
focus on the second conditional which
uses would
to make a positive statement and
wouldn't to make a negative statement
so when you make a second conditional
type sentence you're describing an
unreal situation in the present so
something that is not true now
and it's something that's unlikely so
that means there's a low chance of that
thing happening so something that's
unreal and that is unlikely is a second
conditional statement
also another point here is if you use
this conditional sentence one big
question uh this says were if subject
were something something
if subject were something something uh
yeah hi youtube i just saw the chat for
the first time we're having some trouble
with facebook still uh if subject were
so when you make a second conditional
sentence using would
make sure you use were here lots of
learners ask like what's the difference
between if i was and if i were the
difference i've talked about a few times
and asked alicia before the difference
is if i was is a simple past tense
statement so we want to make it like a
statement about the past so for example
if i was noisy last night i apologize
that means i don't know if i was noisy
or not but if i was i apologize so that
means there's a chance in the past that
thing happened
however
when you use if i were or if subject
were it's referring to the present
situation now it's a
it's a real uh it's an unreal situation
now in the present so if i were
a teacher i would teach math for example
that sentence means i am not a teacher
it is not like a possible situation now
but in that situation i would teach math
so those sentences if i were and if i
was are actually often like mixed up by
native speakers
but if you want to make sure to always
be correct when you're making a second
conditional sentence and you're using
this if i were or if he were pattern
make sure to use were
so let's take a look at some example
sentences that use this i'll keep
reading because our control desk is
still busy trying to fix the facebook
issue so i will read our example
sentences with this point first
if i were you
i would study every day if i were you i
would study every day
so here as i've talked about we use this
we're here so if i were you this is
correct for a second conditional pattern
if i were
you so i'm not you
i would
study every day so after our would
we follow with the infinitive form of
the verb if i were you i would study
every day
let's look at another example
if he had more free time
he wouldn't be so stressed out if he had
more free time he wouldn't be so
stressed out so this second conditional
pattern uses a different verb when
you're using the second conditional
pattern and you're not using this were
here
use the past tense simple past tense
form of the verb so in this case if he
had so had is the simple past tense form
of have if he had more free time so more
meaning more than he does now
if he had more free time he wouldn't so
wouldn't is the reduced form of would
not he wouldn't be
so stressed out he wouldn't be so
stressed out
so
this is a negative sentence here so in
this case this means
the he this this person in the sentence
does not have very much time
and therefore now is stressed out so
again we're imagining a present unreal
situation so if he had more free time he
wouldn't be so stressed out
okay one more example here if we won the
lottery we would buy a house if we won
the lottery we would buy a house so
lottery is a game of chance you can buy
a ticket
in the usa and uh there will be numbers
that are announced for that ticket if
your ticket's numbers match the winning
numbers you can win money or other
prizes so here
one is my verb i use the simple past
tense form so if subject if subject here
is we if we won
the lottery so past tense if we won the
lottery in this unlikely present
situation
we would buy a house so this part
expresses
the planned action if this is true this
is what we want to do we would buy a
house so this is second conditional
statement second conditional statement
so there are some examples coming in on
youtube if i had a lamborghini i would
be very happy very nice ruska very nice
good one good one uh other ones i don't
see yet any other one someone repeated
if he had more time he wouldn't be so
stressed out yeah nice one
uh pasta says if i won the lottery i
would donate that amount to the street
wow that's super nice that's cool great
great great okay so let's continue on to
the next point
this is another pattern
for statements that uses would and
wouldn't and that might be a little bit
challenging to understand
so this is a subject with would or
wouldn't
be so we include the verb be here and
then an adjective an adjective so
remember an adjective is a word that
describes a noun so like beautiful or
expensive or fun or exciting these are
adjectives
so
uh let's look at a couple of examples to
explain this point so let's imagine a
conversation between two people so
person a
says
why don't we go to hawaii next month why
don't we go to hawaii next month and
person b says that would be expensive
that would be expensive so here in part
b person b's statement
that thing this idea like going to
hawaii
is what that refers to that idea
would be expensive so it's like saying
if we did that
it would be expensive you can imagine
this is like a response to the
suggestion
so this pattern is something we often
use to respond to ideas to suggestions
to advice and so on
okay
so the next example here is do you want
to go window shopping from person a do
you want to go window shopping
and again person b responds with that
wood idea so that would be fun that
would be fun so again that refers to
the previous sentence in this case a
suggestion do you want to go window
shopping and invitation
so that would that activity would be and
then my adjective is fun that would be
fun
okay so this is how we use it for this
pattern i'll finish up uh here quickly
with questions when we make questions uh
with second conditional we use that if
pattern if pattern so if then pattern i
talked about before
so here uh if we use a uh a wh question
so that means who what where when and so
on plus would
then our subject your extra information
and then we have some kind of if
statement
so the basic pattern we've talked about
this a few times before
is when you're making these kinds of
sentences and these kinds of questions
we use an if clause plus a main clause
so your if clause is the part of the
sentence that includes the word if so we
practice this up here
if i were you if he had more free time
if we won the lottery these parts are if
clauses they're the parts of the
sentence that use if
and then there's the main clause so the
main clause has this information in it
the result there's some kind of result
in the main clause
so we can use both if clause and main
clause in either position you can change
the position just depends on the focus
of your sentence
also please keep in mind one point many
learners uh
miss this make sure your would is in the
main clause we do not use this in the if
clause so this is one key point here do
not use would don't use modal verbs in
general in the if clause please be
careful of that
okay so let's take a look at a couple of
examples and then we'll take a quick
break quick break so uh if you won the
lottery what would you
buy if you won the lottery what would
you buy so here's my if clause if you
won
the lottery my if clause is here in this
case so i've i've started that here
what would you buy so what is my wh
question word
would follows it my subject is you
and then my verb here what would you buy
what would you buy
one more where would you live
if you could live anywhere so here i've
swapped it again my wh question is first
where
would you live
if you could live anywhere if you could
live anywhere so this could means if it
were possible to live anywhere if it
were possible to live anywhere
so another one more small point here for
those of you who like to focus on your
punctuation at this point it's very hard
to see right now but there's a comma
after
this if clause here so when your
sentence begins with an if clause
follow the if clause with a comma so
it's nice to include a comma
after an if clause so an if clause
can be what's called an introductory
clause the if clause is introducing some
kind of information that we need to
understand the main clause so if clause
comma main clause however if you use
this pattern main clause first plus if
clause as i've done down here you don't
need to put a comma after the main
clause so only
if your if clause is at the beginning of
the sentence so another point for those
of you interested in punctuation
okie dokie so that is part one for
today's lesson and i think we're still
having a little bit of facebook trouble
but i think youtube is okay which is
good and instagram is okay too hi there
so i will take one quick break uh i
think
i will be able to show on the second
camera okay cool so uh if you have not
already please make sure to check out
the link below the video on youtube and
i guess there's no facebook for today
instagram if you're watching please
check the link on our youtube channel on
this live lesson um so
i have i have i've chosen a couple of
pdfs i don't usually show this one oops
sorry that's not the one i wanted to
show you and i've shown i've picked out
a few i thought would be useful for
today's grammar first is talking online
on the back of this
are some expressions you can use for
conversation online
so on the uh or sorry in the comment
section for example some of you write
these sorts of comments
these are a few
expressions you can use online or in
emails
with your coworkers or with friends
family and so on so these might be some
good vocabulary words or good situations
to practice today's grammar in
another one is planning your time so
today's grammar point is great for
making schedules really good for making
schedules so uh this is some vocabulary
for uh like days weeks months of the
year and so on so you can have a look at
these uh and of course other stuff as
well there's a lot more stuff uh from
the link below the video if you're
watching on youtube okay
cool so i think we'll continue on uh in
today's lesson uh so i think facebook is
not going to be able to join us this
week oh no facebook our facebook friends
okay uh we'll continue on though to part
two for today's lesson so part two for
today's lesson
uh i'll continue on to invitations
offers and requests and preferences
there's so much to talk about here uh so
if you have not already please do make
sure to like and share the video so that
other learners can find today's lesson
okay
so let's go to this part
i want to start part two today by
talking about invitations
offers and requests i'm going to cover
patterns you can use to make each of
these kinds of sentences so the first
pattern is would you
would you so would you begins
all of these types of
all of these types of sentence so let's
take a look first let's look at some
request patterns so a request it's when
you want someone to do something for you
or you want an object you want an item
or you want a service or something
so
for example
would you come over here please would
you come over here please so that's a
request for someone to join you maybe
from another part of the room would you
come over here please
yes many of you ask what's the
difference between like could and would
in this situation they have the same
meaning really like they accomplish the
same goal could you come over here
please and would you come over here
please they have the same goal really so
the same level of politeness as well
could expresses possibility whereas
would is more like a gentle way like to
push someone to do something could uh is
more like just is it possible for you to
come over here for this for a request
like this you can choose whichever you
prefer
would you come over here please is a
request
another request would you please close
the window would you please close the
window so here you'll notice please can
take different positions in your
requests so would you come over here
please is great please at the end of the
question or
would you please close the window here
please comes before the verb both are
totally fine you can choose whichever
you prefer so like would you please come
over here great it's up to you to choose
the sentence you like so they mean the
same thing they have the same nuance
it's just a personal preference thing
okay then this next one is an offer an
offer
would you like
dessert would you like dessert so this
is a very common pattern this would you
like pattern
is common for making offers so would you
like something to eat would you like
some dessert would you like a new ipad
so whatever if you want to make an offer
of some kind you can use this would you
like with the noun phrase that you're
offering would you like this thing so
this is a very easy to remember offer
pattern
please note this would you like begins
the offer
similarly then when we make invitations
we also begin this with would you like
would you like
however we make
the invitations by including a verb in
the infinitive form here would you like
to come to the exhibition so this is a
very polite invitation to do something
would you like to come to the exhibition
it's like a very gentle and very
friendly way to invite someone to
something would you like to come to the
exhibition so again making an offer here
we're using would you like noun phrase
would you like this thing
when we're making this invitation we're
saying would you like infinitive verb
would you like to come would you like to
go would you like to eat would you like
to watch and so on so offers and
invitations have similar uh similar
patterns but they have slightly
different applications
so so youngjang sorry if i said that
incorrectly on the youtube chat says
would you like movie so would you like a
movie that means you are offering
someone a movie like maybe you have a
dvd like would you like this movie so
you're offering someone a movie in that
case if you want to invite someone to do
something with you would you like to
watch
a movie so that's an invitation to do
something so keep in mind would you like
a movie you're giving someone something
would you like to watch a movie is an
invitation to do something
so please be careful noun or infinitive
verb makes a difference here okay onward
let's go to expressing preferences part
b for this point uh part b
expressing preferences i have two
patterns i want to talk about here with
wood they are subject and would
like subject would like so yes please
keep in mind this pattern uses would
like as we practiced here but in these
sentences in these questions rather
they begin so would like i'm sorry would
you begins the sentence would you like
begins the sentence here when you're
expressing your preferences like the
thing you like or the thing you don't
like
we have subject first and then would
like
so for example
i would like a salad please this is a
very like useful expression for a
restaurant or a cafe i would like noun
phrase please i would like a salad
please i would like a beer please i
would like a steak please so this is
something you can use to express what
you want your preference i want this
thing
also with a different subject
she
would like you
to prepare a presentation she would like
you to prepare a presentation this
sentence means the she in this situation
this woman she
wants in other words she wants you she
would like you
to prepare a presentation so this is
like a very polite
indirect way to say
please prepare a presentation she wants
you to prepare a presentation
so this is a pattern you can use to
express a preference something you
desire something you want
finally here is this pattern subject
would
rather subject would rather so we use
this when we want to kind of compare
two options let's look at an example
person a suggests
why don't we go to a french place for
dinner why don't we go to a french place
for dinner and person b says uh i would
rather go to an italian place i would
rather go to an italian place means i
prefer
an italian place instead of the french
place that you recommended and i would
rather go to an italian place so this
would rather means
instead of this more than the thing you
suggested so would rather is used to
reply to suggestions i would rather do
something else i would rather eat
something else so would rather is like a
comparison a way to compare
uh two options
okey dokey uh then time is almost
running oh man we're almost out of time
so i'll go quickly to the last point for
today's lesson last point for today's
lesson number three is about using would
and will i covered um second conditional
the second conditional in the beginning
of today's lesson
so
i want to talk about the differences
between these two so a key here is these
two example sentences these example
sentences are both correct totally
correct and totally fine to use
but they have different meanings let's
discuss sentence one here is if i lose
my job
i'll find a new one if i lose my job
i'll find a new one sentence two
i lost my job
i would find a new one
if i lost my job i would find a new one
so sentence 2 here uses the second
conditional that we started today's
lesson by talking about yeah this is the
second conditional
so remember the second conditional
expresses an unreal situation in the
present something that is not true now
and there's a low chance of it happening
here however number one if i lose my job
i'll find a new one
this sentence means it's an actual
present situation this is a real
possible situation so in sentence number
one maybe the speaker has a job review
or there was a problem at the company or
the company has to cut money has to cut
budgets or something the speaker says oh
if i lose my job
i'll find a new one so this sounds like
it's something that's real it's
something that's possible there's a
chance the speaker will lose their job
so they're talking about their plans
sentence two however is an unreal
present situation so there's no danger
of the speaker losing their job now they
just want to imagine the situation so if
i uh if i lost my job i would find a new
one so i have no danger of losing my job
so again both of these sentences are
totally 100 correct but the use of the
sentence really matters so this first
sentence uh expresses there's a chance
of that happening right now
so this is something to practice a good
grammar reminder i think to practice for
this point
so if you want to practice this you can
send a comment live or if you're
watching this later with what would you
do
if you found a wallet full of money on
the street what would you do if you
found a wallet full of money on the
street so you can use the earlier
pattern from part one today to make this
sentence so for example if i found a
wallet full of money on the street i
would take the wallet to the police
so you can use a wood pattern with if an
if wood pattern to
express your plan for this situation and
in this case using a wood pattern is
best because it's not a real present
situation now there's probably a low
chance we're going to find a wallet on
the street so that's a good uh one to
practice with
but uh hector says what about using wood
to express something we used to do in
the past yes we have a live stream about
that actually today we're talking about
wood for
the future so uh yes we do have a live
stream about using wood and used to for
the past you can check that on the
english class 101 youtube channel if you
want
uh
mary says if i found a wallet i would
turn it over turn it over means give it
to someone give someone something that
does not belong to you i would turn it
over to the police maybe
alrighty we are out of time so i'll wrap
up today's lesson i hope that this was
helpful i know it was a lot of grammar
and
there was a lot to cover here but i hope
that it helps you use wood to talk about
the future and to make offers and
requests and things so we'll end there
but we will be back next week next week
november 14th wow this year is going so
quickly also there's been a time change
due to daylight savings so now it is 9
p.m eastern standard time every
wednesday evening or other times
depending on your time in the world
our topic for next week will be how to
describe people how to describe people
if you watched our live stream um two or
three weeks ago i talked about relative
clauses how to give details with
relative clauses i'm going to review
this grammar point in next week's lesson
how to describe people we're going to
talk about relative clauses again so if
you want to review for next week's live
stream so you're ready in the chat
please check out the uh how to explain
in detail or how to give details with
relative clauses live stream from i
believe two weeks ago so check that out
join us next week it will be good and
fun and we'll have lots of opportunities
i will step aside for a brief moment so
you can take a screenshot boom there you
go um for today's lesson uh enjoy the
rest of your week please don't forget to
download all of the free pdfs that are
on
our website you can find all of these
things from the link below the video on
youtube if this ever goes up on facebook
there will be a link on facebook if
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check the link on youtube to get these
things so enjoy the rest of your week
enjoy your weekend and i will see you
again soon thanks so much for liking the
video and sharing the video we really
really appreciate it take care bye