Now I'm going to talk about how to make negative statements in Turkish using the verb "to be"
we're going to use the same personal suffixes that we learn to make affirmative or
positive statements in Turkish using the verb "to be"
Let's take a look
Let's say we wanted to say "I am a doctor" a positive statement.."ben doktorum"
We chose our personal suffix from the first person singular according to vowel harmony
But what if you want to say "I am not a doctor"
You start with the same ingredients, the optional "ben..."
"...doktor..." Turkish word for doctor and then we add the Turkish word for "not": değil
değil
But we want to say "I am not a doctor." So we need to add the first person singular
personal suffix
first person singular
Vowl harmony tells us that because of the "e" in "değil" we're going to choose "-im"
Ben doktor değilim.
I am not a doctor
Let's look at the second person "you" singular or informal "are not a doctor"
Sen (optional)
doktor
değil
-sin. Again, we're choosing -sin because of vowel harmony with "değil"
değilsin.
If we want to say "he or she is not a doctor" we have to use the personal pronoun, remember "o"
And then we simply say oh
O doktor değil.
and because we don't have a
personal suffix that we're going to use, we're all set on that. "O doktor değil": he or she is not a doctor
Let's look at the plural
optional "biz": we
"...doktor..."
See the noun is not changing this doctor.
"Biz doktor değiliz."
"Biz doktor değiliz": we are not doctors
And you may be noticing that because we're attaching the personal suffixes not to the noun or adjective
But to "değil" the word for not
vowel harmony is less tricky here because you just have to remember
which suffixes harmonize with "değil"
So "değilim, değilsin" going to remain the same regardless of the vowels in the noun
Let's go back to our plural "siz": you plural or you formal
"...doktor..."
"...değilsiniz."
Finally, "onlar...": they
and remember you do have to say the pronoun, the personal pronoun in the third person
they, "doktor..."
"...değil."
Now that's sufficient, "Onlar doktor değil": They are not doctors
That's perfectly grammatically correct. If you want to emphasize the plurality of it. You can choose to add
the
ordinary
Turkish plural suffix the same that you would use on any noun you
can have "-ler" or "-lar" because it's attaching to "değil" vowel harmony, two-way vowel harmony tells us
it's going to be "-ler", so "Onlar doktor değiller": They are not doctors