Welcome to Space News from the Electric Universe, brought to you by The Thunderbolts Project™ at Thunderbolts. info
What do astronomers see when they gaze at the cosmos?
Thanks to incredible technological leaps the universe is now
”visible” to a greater extent and in finer clarity than ever before.
However, the detection and measurement of the remotest celestial phenomena is not as
straightforward as it might seem. Like all scientific investigations, space
exploration is a subjective human endeavor and it stands to reason that the more
remote the phenomena, the more open it is to interpretation.
The evidence for the theoretical mechanisms that are thought to cause the largest scale
cosmological phenomena, including unfathomable emissions of electromagnetic energy, are
gleaned through inference by necessity and what scientists infer is governed by what they believe.
The fundamental belief behind more than a century of space science, is that the predominant force
in the cosmos is gravity. And even well into the space age, astronomers continued to model a
universe in which plasma and both electric and magnetic fields played no
significant role. In more recent years, astronomers have acknowledged that
magnetic fields exist in space and may even play an organizational role
at all scales in the cosmos. However, this revelation of the so-called ”Magnetic Universe”
has presented both intractable problems and paradoxically, opportunities for scientists to try to
preserve ad hoc the traditional Big Bang gravity-centric cosmology.
A demonstration of these efforts can be seen in the recent Quanta Magazine piece
titled, The Hidden Magnetic Universe Begins To come Into View.
The article describes scientists’ attempt to date cosmic magnetic fields back to the primordial
era after the hypothetical Big Bang, an effort which they hope, might
resolve the so-called Hubble tension, or the apparent accelerating expansion rate
of the universe. The article states, “Anytime astronomers
figure out a new way of looking for magnetic fields in ever more remote
regions of the cosmos, inexplicably they find them...The question is:
Where did these enormous magnetic fields come from?”
Astrophysicist Franco Vazza states the problem, ”It clearly cannot be related to the
activity of single galaxies or single explosions or, I don't know,
winds from supernovae. This goes much beyond that.” Of course, as
we've explained many times, the real reason cosmic magnetism is considered so
”inexplicable” is because of most space
scientists ongoing, a priori dismissal of electric currents in the cosmos.
This posture is described in the Quanta piece as follows,
”...magnetism is the only force apart from gravity, that can shape the large-scale
structure of the cosmos, because only magnetism and gravity can
reach out to you across vast distances. Electricity, by contrast,
is local and short-lived, since the positive and negative charge in any
region will neutralize overall. But you can't cancel out magnetic fields;
they tend to add up and survive.” And here, we see emphasized institutionalized
sciences’ refusal to explore the well-developed concepts of plasma
cosmology. For many decades, astronomers have
assumed that plasma is a superconductor, which leads to a further assumption
of so-called “frozen-in magnetic fields” in space.
However, plasma physicists have known for many decades
that when “clouds of plasma” move relative to each other,
they generate electric currents in each other, as shown experimentally in plasma
laboratories. Electric currents in plasma take the form
of twisted filament pairs, and these follow the direction of the
ambient magnetic field. The filamentary current is electrically
insulated from its surroundings. Experimental plasma physics has shown
that charged bodies, embedded in plasma, produce around
themselves a double layer, or what is also known as a Langmuir
plasma sheath. This protective cocoon of plasma
contains most of the voltage differ- ence between a charged body
and its surrounding plasma. As Nobel prize winner Hannes Alfvén wrote in
his 1987 paper, Cosmology in the Plasma Universe, “Space
is filled with a network of currents, which transfer energy and momentum over
large or very large distances. The currents
often pinch to filamentary or surface currents.
The latter are likely to give space, also interstellar and intergalactic space,
a cellular structure.” Of course, both the vast networks of interstellar and
intergalactic filaments, as well as the lifelike cellular
structures seen in celestial objects such as nebulae, are seen in greater
detail with each passing year. And as we outlined in a recent episode,
Alfvén also emphasized the extraordinary cosmic significance of the well-known
electromagnetic mechanism, called the Bennett pinch, or the Z-pinch,
the process by which stars form, rather than gravitational collapse
and accretion. Alfvén's outrageous prediction that stars form like
”beads on a string” along vast networks of filaments, is one of many such predictions
confirmed by space discovery. The evidence for cosmic electric
currents on an even much vaster scale has grown increasingly undeniable. As we
reported last year, in 2019 a team of scientists published
their analysis of a vast radio emitting filament of plasma which stretches across
10 million light years, connecting two clusters of galaxies
called Abell 399 and Abell 401. The filament which the scientists
discovered using a low frequency radio telescope called LOFAR,
also marked the first time scientists have found a magnetic field connecting
two galactic clusters. The radio emission from the filament is called synchrotron radiation
which is produced by the tremendous acceleration of electrons along the filament
at relativistic velocities. As stated by astronomer Matteo Murgia,
”We typically observe this emission mechanism in action in individual
galaxies and even in galaxy clusters, but never before has a radio emission
been observed connecting two of these systems.”
A sciencealert.com report on the discovery states,
”...the electrons are covering way more distance than is expected -
which means there has to be another element at play.”
In the aforementioned Quanta Magazine piece the description of the radio-
emitting magnetic filament inadvertently confirms the electrical
interpretation. The article states that the scientists
”... inferred the presence of a magnetic field in the filament between
galaxy clusters Abell 399 and Abell 401 from the way the field redirects
high-speed electrons and other charged particles passing through it.
As their paths twist in the field, these charged particles release faint
synchrotron radiation.” However, the scientists seem not to recognize what
this must mean. The release of “faint synchrotron radiation”,
means the charged particles are losing energy and thus they cannot continue to radiate
over cosmic distances, unless they are continually receiving
electrical energy, which constitutes an electric current. We
note that as far back as 1992, Dr. Anthony Peratt of Los Alamos
laboratories, himself a student of Hannes Alfvén, discussed the evidence for
”supercluster scale” electric currents in his textbook, Physics of the Plasma Universe.
In the chapter titled, “Currents in the Intergalactic Medium”
Perratt writes, “One of the most compelling pieces of evidence for the
existence of supercluster-sized currents comes from the discovery of
faint supercluster-scale radio emissions at 326 MHz between the Coma cluster of galaxies and
the Abell 1367 cluster.” In Peratt's view, these intergalactic currents
are spiraling Birkeland cur- rents which will accelerate
charged particles in circles, which is to say orthogonal to the current's direction,
which must then generate synchrotron radiation.
Unfortunately, the scientists cited in the Quanta Magazine piece
are exclusively seeking answers in the so-called “primordial universe”
after the hypothetical Big Bang. The hope for believers in Big Bang cosmology is
that these answers could resolve the problem of the apparent
accelerating expansion rate of the universe. The scientists cited in the Quanta
article examined computer simulations which attempt to demonstrate the effects
of hypothetical primordial magnetic fields if they were present before an
epoch called Cosmic Recombination, a hypothetical period a few hundreds of
thousands of years after the Big Bang in which charged
electrons and protons first became bound to form electrically neutral hydrogen atoms.
Their efforts to resolve the so-called Hubble tension are described
as follows, “Cosmologists calculate how fast space should be expanding today by
observing ancient light emitted during recombination.
The light shows a young universe studded with blobs that formed from sound waves
sloshing around in the primordial plasma.”
”If recombination happened earlier than supposed due to the clumping effect of magnetic
fields, then sound waves couldn't have propagated as
far beforehand, and the result- ing blobs would be smaller...”
”The upshot is that smaller blobs mean a
higher inferred cosmic expansion rate - bringing the inferred rate much closer to
measurements of how fast supernovas and other astronomical objects
actually seem to be flying apart.” The question we began this Space News with,
what do scientists actually see when they gaze into the cosmos?
is especially pertinent here. Of course, the first assumption the scientists make
is that the Big Bang actually happened. As we've discussed since the inception
of this series, it was decades ago that the renowned astronomer Halton Arp
showed that faint, highly redshifted objects like quasars,
are intrinsically faint because of their youth and not their distance.
Arp and others such as Jeffrey and Margaret Burbidge categorized
numerous so-called anomalous objects of very different redshifts
in impossibly close association with one another. Redshift is an intrinsic
property of distinct galaxies and quasars and is not due to some modification of
the light on its journey to Earth. In other words, cosmic redshift is not a
reliable indicator of an object's distance and velocity of movement away from an
observer on Earth. This view is compatible with the Electric Universe antidote to the
so-called “accelerating expanding universe,” which does not rely on the invention of
dark energy. As Thunderbolt's chief science advisor
Wal Thornhill explains in his analysis of type 1a supernovae,
”...the ‘discovery’ of the acceleration of the expanding universe,
is an interpretation based on total ignorance of the real nature of stars
and the ‘standard candle,’ the supernova type 1a.
A supernova type 1a is supposed to be due to a hypothetical series of
incredible events involving a white dwarf star. But as I have shown,
a supernova is simply an electrical explosion of a star that draws its
energy from a galactic circuit....The ‘standard candle’ effect and the light curve
is simply due to the circuit parameters of galactic transmission lines
which power all stars.” In plasma cosmology in the Electric Universe,
the universe is of unknown extent and origin and the electrical nature of both stars
and galaxies along networks of Birkeland current filaments
does resolve so-called inexplicable cosmic magnetism. It was many decades ago that
plasma scientists began reproducing the evolution and form
of galaxies through simple experiments with electrical discharge.
The aforementioned Anthony Peratt recreated barred spiral galaxies in
simulations with interacting twin current filaments
as seen on your screen. Unfortunately, long ago the belief in the Big Bang
solidified into a quasi-religious dogma and today institutionalized
science continues to devote massive resources to promoting and
affirming Big Bang cosmology, while ignoring the well-developed and
experimentally verified concepts of plasma cosmology whose
predictive success only grows with each year. It is ironic
that proponents of the Big Bang look to mysterious magnetism to save the
untenable hypothesis, since it is magnetism that is the
clearest indication of the electrical circuitry pervading the cosmos.
Electric currents generate magnetic fields and it is only electric currents
that can create the impossibly well-ordered cosmic-scale
magnetic fields that astrophysicists detect with
increasing regularity, a phenomenon never predicted by
proponents of gravity-centric cosmology. However, we do see some glimmer of hope
among scientists studying the local picture in our own solar system
who are willing to infer the electric currents required for the magnetic
fields in the environment near Earth. The electric current systems near
our planet are the subject of the 2018 book,
Electric Currents in Geospace and Beyond. The American Geophysical Union's Earth
and Space Science News published a summary of the book
titled Electric Currents in Outer Space Run the Show.
The summary states bluntly “It is now understood that outer space is
fundamentally electrical in nature.” On the challenging
task of measuring electric currents in space, the authors write, “Since electric
currents are comprised of moving charged particles, such as ions and electrons,
the most direct way to measure currents is by probing and counting the
individual particles. Highly tuned instruments that fly on
board satellites do exactly that.” ”While particle counting is quite
challenging, as one might expect, one can also make use of the fact that
electric currents generate a magnetic field around them,
which in turn can be measured, more easily, by instruments called magnetometers.
From these magnetic fields one can then infer using Maxwell's equations
the underlying currents.” And yet scientists cannot infer what they are
not prepared to look for. As the early 20th century evangelist Oswald Chambers stated,
”Seeing is never believing; we interpret what we see
in the light of what we believe.” But no belief is required to recognize the electrical
nature of the cosmos, but rather only a willingness to follow
the line of discovery, wherever it may lead.
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