Haynes International Inc. is a manufacturer of metal alloys employing
more than 1,070 employees worldwide with sales of $434.4 million in 2007 with 8
plants around the world. The corporation is headquartered in Kokomo, Indiana. The
company specializes in corrosion resistant, and high-temperature alloys
for the aerospace, chemical, and gas turbine industries.
History The company was founded in 1912 as
Haynes Stellite Works by Elwood Haynes in Kokomo, Indiana. In the late 1880s
Haynes started experimenting with various alloys to create a metal that
would resist corrosion. After creating new alloys from nickel and chromium he
had them patented and started building a foundry in 1912. In 1920 the company was
sold to Union Carbide. Haynes is now a publicly traded company. Its fiscal year
ends on September 29. Haynes International now primarily
produces two families of products, Ultimet and Hastelloy. Both sets of
alloys are designed to be highly corrosion and wear resistant compared to
common types of iron alloys. Each set of alloys has variations with advantages
and disadvantages for specific uses. Ultimet
Ultimet is a cobalt based metal alloy produced by Haynes International, Inc.
Compared to various iron-based alloys, it is highly resistant to corrosion,
galling, and wear. The corrosion resistance of ultimet is
similar to that exhibited by hastelloy. Ultimet performs similarly to Stellite
in wear resistance. Ultimet is composed of several alloying
elements in the following proportions: 54% Cobalt, 26% Chromium, 9% Nickel, 5%
Molybdenum, 3% Iron, 2%Tungsten, 0.8% Manganese, 0.3% Silicon 0.08% Nitrogen
and 0.06% Carbon. The primary function of Ultimet alloys
is that of effective survival of a moderately to severely corrosive, and/or
erosion or wear prone environment where more common and less expensive iron-
alloys would fail, including such applications as nozzles, pumps, fan
blades, fluid mixing and agitating equipment, dies and valves.
Because of its properties, Ultimet has also seen some use in the dental
industry in the formation of bridges and dentures where it is a lower priced,
high durability alternative to the use of the traditional platinum group
metals. Ultimet is also available in many
different forms including plates, sheets, billets, bars, wires and covered
electrodes. Ultimet alloy can be machined, although
this is made more challenging by the strength of the material and its
tendency to work-harden rapidly. Carbide tipped tools are recommended. Ultimet
can also be joined using a variety of fusion welding techniques; Gas tungsten
arc welding and Gas metal arc welding are recommended.
Hastelloy Hastelloy is the registered trademark
name of Haynes International, Inc. The trademark is applied as the prefix name
of a range of twenty-two different highly corrosion-resistant metal alloys,
loosely grouped by the metallurgical industry under the material term
“superalloys” or “high-performance alloys”.
The predominant alloying ingredient is typically the transition metal nickel.
Other alloying ingredients are added to nickel in each of the subcategories of
this trademark designation and include varying percentages of the elements
molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, iron, copper, manganese, titanium, zirconium,
aluminum, carbon, and tungsten. The primary function of the Hastelloy
super alloys is that of effective survival under high-temperature,
high-stress service in a moderately to severely corrosive, and/or erosion-prone
environment where more common and less expensive iron-based alloys would fail,
including the pressure vessels of some nuclear reactors, chemical reactors,
distillation equipment, and pipes and valves in chemical industry. Although a
super alloy, Hastelloy does experience degradation due to fabricating and
handling. Electropolishing or passivation of Hastelloy can improve
corrosion resistance. The following Hastelloy alloys have been
produced; however, production of some may have been discontinued:
1 The undiluted deposited chemical composition of covered electrodes of
some of these alloys may vary beyond the limits shown.
*Maximum See also
Stellite Inconel
Monel Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment
References External links
Official website