Welcome to organization: the second stage in the perception process. In this video
you'll learn the organization types for Stage two in the perception process.
Organization is the process of arranging stimuli (what you have selected to attend
to) into meaningful, understandable, and convenient patterns. Organization allows
you to make sense out of what you observe. There are seven types of communication organization.
Figuring ground, perceptual schemes, stereotyping, punctuation, closure, proximity, and similarity.
In figure and ground organization: figure is what you notice or focus on. Ground is
less noticeable and serves as the background for the figure. Example when you pick out a friend's
voice in a crowd, the friend's voice becomes the figure the other voices become the ground.
Let's look at a visual example. A figure and ground organization. When you see the vase
in the illustration above the vase becomes the figure and everything else becomes the ground.
When you see the silhouettes the silhouettes become the figure and everything else becomes
the ground. Perpetual schemes. Perpetual schemes are systems you use to organize your impressions.
The five ways to organize impressions are appearance, social roles, interaction style,
psychological traits, and memberships. After choosing a scheme to classify people you further
organize your perceptions in the following ways. Stereotyping: after choosing a scheme
you place people into convenient categories. These categories can lead to exaggerated generalizations
that miss the unique individual qualities of a person. Examples: teenagers are irresponsible,
old people don't know what's happening, people who are unemployed are lazy. What generalizations do
you make that lead to stereotyping? Complete the following sentences in your head.
Do you stereotype people?
Punctuation: In this type of organization you determine causes and effects in interactions
and then group divide separate and categorize information. Example: Mary complains that Robert
never helps around the house. Robert says he doesn't help around the house because Mary says
he never does anything right. When Mary speaks her perspective is punctuated. When Robert speaks his
perspective is punctuated. Closure: In this type of organization you fill in missing information to
provide structure and consistency. Example: Look at the illustration on the left. What
do you see? Three angles or a triangle? If you see a triangle you filled in the missing lines.
Similarity: At times you group things together because they are similar in size, color, shape,
beliefs, interests, and other attributes. Example: You might assume that a fellow student has the
same point of view regarding tests as you do. Or you sit with your friends in the cafeteria because
you have similar interests. And lastly proximity which is when you group two or more items based on
how close they are to each other if you see three pairs of parallel lines you have grouped the lines
based on proximity. Okay, let's go through a few examples. Choose the correct organization
scheme. Feel free to pause the video if you need more time to think about your answer. If you see
the drawing on the left as resembling a letter on the right which organization pattern did you use?
The answer is d similarity. Do you see a rabbit or a duck when you select your
perspective which organization pattern are you using the answer is a figure in ground.
You see four sets of four boxes. What organization pattern did you use?
The answer is B proximity. And finally,
if you see a heart instead of irregular lines which organization pattern did you use?
The answer is C closure. Congratulations! You have now completed the video Organization:
the second stage in the perception process. Thanks for watching.