There are so many long and complicated words
that relate to applying for
and getting a job in the U.S.
Today we'll study them and I'll make sure
you know the pronunciation.
I'll give you pronunciation tips as we go
and you'll learn about how certain suffixes,
like the T-I-O-N suffix, affects stress.
I want to get you excited for a new YouTube course
that I'm launching next week.
It's a 10 video course on getting a job in the U.S.
I've interviewed several experts that will help us
figure out exactly how to put together
your best cover letter and resume, how to interview,
and finally, how to follow-up and negotiate your salary.
And even if you're not looking for a job in the U.S.,
I'll put an English lesson into each video
and you'll study how to talk about yourself
and your work history, which can be really useful
outside of a job interview as well.
So, for 10 weeks starting next week, this new course,
which is part of a new YouTube program called
YouTube Learning, we'll be filling you up
with the best tips for getting a job.
I can't wait to get started on it with you.
To help us get ready, let's dive
into Job Application and Interview Vocabulary.
An application is what you might need to fill out
when you want to be considered for a job,
depending on the job.
Some jobs require you to fill out an application,
some require you to send in a cover letter, resume or CV,
and some require that you do all of the above.
The most common pronunciation
of the T-I-O-N ending is S-H, sh, schwa-N, shn.
And that's how it's pronounced here, shn.
Application.
Shn.
Always unstressed, said quickly.
With this suffix, stress is just before the suffix,
so the second to last syllable.
In this word, that's the third syllable.
Application, appli kay shun,
application.
Say that with me, application.
People who are applying for a job can be called applicants.
The word is similar, but the stress is different.
Now it's on the first syllable, applicants.
Say that with me, applicants.
Background, this is something you might get
asked about in a job interview.
It means, what led you to where you are now.
Your education and other job experience.
The K will not be released, background, background,
k k k, it will be pronounced background.
Back ground, a quick stop of air
for the K, then the G R cluster.
Background, compound words like this have stress
on the first word, so back, background.
Background, say that with me, background.
Benefits, this is what the employer offers to you
in addition to your payment.
For example, does your job come with health insurance,
a discount on products offered,
a pension or a retirement plan?
These are all benefits.
This is a three syllable word with stress
on the first syllable, benefits.
Career, this is your life's work.
All your working life in a given kind of job.
Some people will switch careers.
That means they choose to do something totally different
from what they've been doing, totally different
from what they've been trained in.
She's a social worker, but she's changing careers
and going to school to be a nurse.
Words with the E E R suffix have stress
on the suffix, the final syllable.
Career, career, say that with me,
career.
If you complete a particular training,
you might get a certificate, a certification
or say you're certified.
These all have different stress.
Certificate, stress is on the second syllable.
Certification, we already know with that suffix,
that stress is on the second to last syllable,
so that's the fourth syllable.
Certification, but if you say,
I'm an Apple certified trainer, certified,
then you'll put stress on the first syllable.
Certificate, certification, certified.
Now, what happens to the T.
It's a flap T except for certificate
where it starts the stressed syllable.
T is always a true T when it starts a stressed syllable,
but in the other two words, it's a flap T
because it doesn't start a stressed syllable
and it comes after an R, before a vowel,
erta, ser dadada,
certified.
Certified.
Certificate, certification, certified.
Say those with me, certificate,
certification, certified.
Compensation, this is what you get paid.
Salary or hourly wage.
It's a T-I-O-N ending word, what does
this tell you about stress?
Stress will be on the second to last syllable.
Compen say shun, compensation,
say that with me.
Compensation, cover letter.
Many jobs will ask you to send this along with a resume
when you're applying for a job.
It should all fit on one page and it introduces yourself.
It tells the employer some things that your resume can't.
As part of the Getting a Job in the US course,
we have a full video dedicated to how to write
an effective cover letter where we interview people
who've done a lot of hiring.
Be sure you watch that video, there are some key things
to pay attention to as you write.
Cover letter, the double T here is a flap T
because it comes between two vowels.
Cover letter, both end in an ending unstressed R sound.
Keep it simple and fast, er er er, cover, letter.
Cover letter, say that with me, cover letter.
CV and resume, CV stands for this longer Latin phrase,
which is pronounced in American English two ways.
Curriculum vie tee, or curriculum vee tie,
we almost never say that, it's always just CV.
And whenever something is referred to by initials,
we stress the last letter, CV, V is more stressed than C.
CV, CV, smoothly linked together like it's a single word.
CV, a CV is different from a resume
in that it will be longer and have more detail.
For most jobs in the US, you'll submit a resume,
which is a summary of your work history
with bullet points of achievements or responsibilities.
Putting together an affective, easy to read resume
is a crucial part of getting a job interview,
so in our Getting a Job in the US course,
we'll dedicate a whole video to do's and don'ts
for your resume to make sure it lands in the yes pile.
In resume, notice the letter S makes a Z sound.
Resume, resume, say these with me,
CV, resume.
Employee, employer, employs, employed , employment.
These all have the same stress on ploy.
However, employee can have stress on the third syllable.
Both pronunciations are correct.
Employee or employee, let's say them all with stress
on the second syllable, employee, employer,
employs, employed, employment.
Say those with me, employee, employer,
employs, employed, employment.
Fired, let go, laid off, these are ways
to talk about the tricky situation
in which your employer terminated you.
Fired implies that you did something wrong or poorly.
Laid off implies that the employer had to cut jobs
to save money, so not really your fault.
Let go, I think you could use this for either case.
A potential employer is going to want to know
why you left your previous jobs.
You'll want to study how to talk about these transitions
before you go in for a job interview.
Don't worry, I have you covered on that
in the Getting a Job in America Course.
I'll interview some experts who have
great advice about this.
Fired, it's tricky, it's the I as in by diphthong
followed by R, fi er,
I er, fired.
A light D sound at the end, fired.
Let go, a stop T here because the next word
begins with a consonant, let go.
Laid off, connect the two words with the D, laid off.
Laid off, say all of these with me.
Fired, let go,
laid off, follow up.
This is what you'll want to do after your interview.
Send a follow up email thanking them for their time
and showing excitement for the position.
Follow up, say that with me, follow up.
Hire, well, I hope you are the new hire.
I hope you do get hired.
This word rhymes with fire, I diphthong R.
Hire, hired, say those with me,
hire, hired.
Hobby, this is something that doesn't relate to work.
It's something you do outside of work as an interest.
And in the US, a potential employer might ask you
about hobbies to get a feel for what kind of person you are.
What are your hobbies?
Well, I love going to the opera
and the performing arts in general.
Hobby, hobbies, say those with me,
hobby, hobbies.
HR, this stands for human resources
and just like CV, stress is on the last letter.
This is the department that, at a company,
takes care of all the hiring of employees,
helping them with benefits, problems with others at work,
and so on, so if you submit an application for the job,
the first person to reach out to you
will likely be someone from HR.
Say that with me, HR.
Internship, this is when a student or someone who has
recently graduated works for a short and specific amount
of time for a company or organization to gain experience.
Some of them are unpaid.
Let's also talk about the word interview,
which is when an employer invites you in to ask questions
and get to know you more as he or she considers hiring you.
This is often done in person, but it can be done
over the phone or computer.
Internship, interview, they're both three syllable words
with stress on the first syllable.
They both begin with I-N-T-E-R,
but the pronunciation can be different.
With interview, innerview, interview, innerview,
we can drop the T after the N.
To say it that way sounds natural, with a T or with no T.
You can do either one, innerview, interview.
Both are acceptable and common pronunciations.
This is true when T comes after N, it can be dropped.
But not in internship, there we never drop the T,
so it's an exception to the rule about dropping T after N
if it doesn't start a stressed syllable.
Internship, internship, we have to have that true T.
Say that with me, internship,
innerview or interview.
Say those with me, innerview, interview.
To practice for your interview,
you'll definitely want to do a mock interview.
This is when you work with somebody
who will pretend to interview you for the job.
Practicing can make a huge difference in performance.
And this is something we'll talk about a lot
in the Getting a Job in the US course.
Mock, here the letter O makes the ah as in father sound.
Mock, mock interview, say that with me, mock interview.
Job description, this is usually about a paragraph
and it's written up by the employer.
Maybe someone in HR to describe the open position,
the job that's available.
You'll want to use the job description
when you're working on your resume,
and we'll talk about that in the video
on writing your absolute best resume,
coming up in a few weeks in
the Getting a Job in the US course.
Job, the O is pronounced as the ah as in father vowel.
Description ends in T-I-O-N, so which syllable is stressed?
Second to last, description, job description.
Say that with me, job description.
Occupation, this is another word for job
and another word that ends in the T-I-O-N suffix.
Where's stress?
Second to last syllable, occupation.
Say that with me, occupation.
Onboarding, what does this mean?
Some organizations use it to mean the process
of getting you started with your job after you're hired.
It will likely involve some paperwork, some training,
maybe shadowing another employee.
That means watching him or her work.
Stress on the first syllable, onboarding.
Say that with me, onboarding.
Organization, non-profits call themselves organizations
to help differentiate them from businesses.
Another T-I-O-N word, so again,
stress will be on the second to last syllable.
It doesn't matter how many syllables there are in the word,
stress will always be second from the end with this suffix.
Organization, organa zay shun,
organization.
Say that with me,
organization.
Posting, opening, position.
These are words that are used to describe an available job.
If you here the phrase, "We filled the position",
that means somebody else was already hired for that job.
Posting, opening, position, say those with me.
Posting, opening, position.
Did you notice T-I-O-N ending, pu zi shun.
Stress second syllable from the end.
Recruiter, this is someone who helps
an employer find employees.
You may be happily working at your job,
and the a recruiter contacts you and says,
"I think you'd be great for this position at this company."
And you can think about if you want to apply.
Or you might contact a recruiter if you're tired of your job
and you want a new challenge, to let them know
you're looking for a change.
Recruiter, this word is pretty tricky, isn't it?
It's got an R in each syllable.
Slow it down,
re croo ter.
Notice the flap T, just a quick bounce of the tongue
on the roof of the mouth, der, der, der, recruiter.
Recruiter, say that with me, recruiter.
Reference, if someone is considering hiring you,
they'll likely want to check your references.
This can be past employers or maybe a college professor
or a family friend if you're
just starting out in your career.
So you should have a short list of people
you've already gotten permission from
and their contact information to hand out
to potential employers when they ask for references.
Reference, it looks like it's three syllables,
but Americans will usually pronounce this as just two.
Ref rence, reference, or three if it's plural.
References, reference, references.
Say those with me, reference, references.
Resign and move on, these are another way
that you can say you quit.
So this isn't when you are fired when it wasn't your choice,
but when it was your choice.
You left because you started a new job,
or wanted to take time off.
You can say, I resigned after five years
or, after five years, I decided to move on.
Resign, the letter S makes the Z sound just like in resume.
Resign, move on, say those with me,
resign, move on.
Salary, this is a fixed amount that you'll be paid
for your job and it doesn't depend
exactly on how many hours you work.
Hourly is the opposite, there you're paid
an hourly rate for each hour you work.
Salary, hourly, both with first syllable stress.
Say those with me, salary, hourly.
If you see the phrase salary band, that means the pay range.
For a position, the salary band might be set
by the organization and it would be impossible
to negotiate for more money above the salary band.
Next week you'll see your first video
in the Getting a Job in the US course
which focuses on networking.
Having a connection to the place you want to work
will greatly increase your chances of getting hired.
So next week, we'll focus on building connections
before diving into resumes, cover letters and interviews.
If you know anyone who's looking for work,
or who's thinking about looking for work,
be sure to let them know this is coming.
It's really useful information.
If you loved this vocabulary video and you wanna see
other vocabulary collections like clothing or cars,
click here for the playlist.
Thanks for sticking with me guys.
What's the most interesting thing you learned in this video?
Let me know in the comments below.
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