Why did they cover the tongues of mummies with gold, how old is the oldest wine on the planet,
what unknown virus was found in Siberia, what kind of alien hand was found in Brazil? You will
find answers to these questions and more in this video! Hi, friend. You are on the KirTop channel.
Silence is golden
In Egypt, new discoveries do not cease. This time, a standard find by the standards of
this region was discovered - an ancient tomb with mummies. But the find in the mouth surprised some
archaeologists - they were golden tongues. During embalming, the original tongues were removed,
and gold ones were inserted instead. And all so that the deceased in the afterlife could speak
with Osiris - the lord of the underworld and the judge of the dead. This is one of
the most important gods of Ancient Egypt. So far, archaeologists have not announced
the exact number of mummies discovered and how many of them had golden tongues. The excavations
were carried out in the freshly explored area of the Kwaisan archaeological complex, which
includes ancient tombs dating back to different periods of time. The complex consists of three
levels and each of them demonstrates different burial customs. The tongues of mummies wrapped
in gold foil have already been seen recently in Taposiris Magna, a 2,000-year-old Egyptian tomb.
A couple of years ago, archaeologists talked about the burial of a man and a woman who
were high-ranking people in ancient Egypt. And most likely they even communicated with
Cleopatra. Unfortunately, scientists did not succeed in thoroughly studying their mummies,
water leaked into their tomb, but the gold leaf that covered their entire
body managed to survive. This confirms the fact that they belonged to the upper class.
New rune discovery in Oslo
The ancient Scandinavians who lived in Norway used runes in their writing. I talked about them
in my previous videos. This time, archaeologists found a wooden object 11.4 cm long. 8 runes were
carved on it. Runology professor Christel Zilmer has already managed to decipher it.
The professor suggested that the wooden object was some sort of marker or label for something.
This is indicated by the text which has been deciphered. First you can make out the word
"asbin", which most likely means "Asbjorn", this is a common Old Norse name that often appears
in ancient writings and is often written in Latin. The next text after the name was "á mik",
which means "owns me". That is, in the Middle Ages, someone hung this tablet on some object
or product in order to show everyone to whom it belongs. The full translation of
the text sounded like - "Asbjörn owns me." This tells us about the trading activities
of the city of Oslo in the 13th century. The ancient Scandinavians traded in imported grain,
honey, salt, beer and wine, ceramics and glass. Asbjorn was probably a merchant who worked in the
Klemetsalmenningen area of Oslo, near the harbour. But of course, these are just the assumptions
of archaeologists. From Norway we will go to the world famous Phrygian Valley.
Temple of Maltash Revealed This year, archaeologists made a discovery
in the well-known Phrygian Valley. This place is rightfully included in the UNESCO World Heritage
Site. The found monument of Maltash has a height of 10 m and is actually the facade of a temple
with a triangular roof and niches. At the moment, we see about 3 meters of the monument above the
ground, but excavations have shown that another 7 meters of the structure is hidden underground.
It has been dated to the 7th century BC. According to historians, this monument
is one of the best achievements of the Phrygian kingdom. For more than 3,000 years,
this unique monument was hidden underground, which helped it to survive to this day intact.
Archaeologists had no idea what object they managed to find. The monument is located on
the top of one of the rocks of Akkusuvasy, which form the western border of the valley.
For the first time, the Maltash monument was discovered back in 1881, but then only 3
meters were excavated, and the technology did not allow scanning the soil to determine
what was hidden below. The temple itself is considered rocky, as it is completely carved
into the rock. On the temple you can see the text in Phrygian. At one time, Phrygia was considered
a powerful kingdom. However, this state also fell apart and became covered with sands.
Historians believe that in ancient times, not only wine was stored in bottles.
Evil spirits in vintage bottles For many centuries, superstitious people
have believed in mysticism and witchcraft. This is confirmed by the artifacts that archaeologists
often find in England. In clay and glass bottles, researchers find strange things - needles, nails,
fish hooks, nails and even hair. These objects are called witch bottles. In ancient times in England,
people believed that such a bottle could be a trap for evil spirits. They believed
that hair and nails acted as bait, and metal objects could capture the spirit.
At the moment, more than 200 such artifacts have been found in Britain, and they are also
found in the USA, which is logical. After all, North America was once colonized by the British.
Therefore, the culture and history of the last centuries in these states is similar. Most often,
such bottles are found after the demolition of old houses. The residents of the house hid bottles
of hair and nails next to the fireplace, so they caught all the evil spirits that
tried to enter the house through the chimney. In fact, a lot of such bottles were found, just
often the workers did not suspect what they had discovered. Basically they considered it garbage
and sent it to the landfill. And those workers who suspected what this could be - immediately
got rid of the "mystical" artifacts that were fraught with curses. In England,
in addition to houses, similar artifacts are found in the fields next to old fireplaces. Most often,
people begin to believe in curses and witches when political upheavals occur in the
country - people have fear and uncertainty about the future. By burying bottles in the fields,
people tried to save themselves from the drought. Superstitious people warn archaeologists to
stop studying and breaking cursed bottles, because in this way they can release an evil
spirit. There are stories on the net in which scientists died after studying such artifacts,
but most likely this is either fiction or an ordinary coincidence. After all, scientists
and archaeologists are people like you and me, and therefore they can also get sick and die.
Archaeologists were able to discover the next find after a severe drought.
3400 year old city emerged from the river Iraq is one of the few countries that has
been hit hard by climate change. The south of the country is constantly suffering from
drought. To protect crops, the government is using water from the Mosul Reservoir, which is
considered the most important water reservoir in the country, for irrigation. The constant
collection of water helped to discover the ancient city of the Bronze Age era of the Mittani Empire.
The sprawling city, with a palace and several large buildings, may have been ancient Zakiku,
an important center of the Mittani empire. A terrible drought has helped historians revive the
ancient city, which was flooded over 3,000 years ago. Now archaeologists are trying to document
the discovered object as soon as possible until it is flooded again. In the shortest possible time,
archaeologists were able to map the city. In addition to the palace, which was visible from
the water, they could see several large buildings and massive fortifications with towers. They
also found something similar to an ancient store. One of the most important finds in this place were
5 ceramic vessels, which contained more than 100 cuneiform tablets. After deciphering the writing,
archaeologists will be able to more accurately understand what kind of buildings they were,
what role they played, and most importantly, how people lived in the Mittani Empire. The cuneiform
tablets date back to the Middle Assyrian period. To prevent further damage to the important site
due to rising water, the excavated buildings were completely covered with tight-fitting plastic
sheeting and covered with gravel. This will help save the ancient city from destruction for some
time. At the moment, the reservoir is again filled with water and the Bronze Age city has disappeared
from human sight. And in Brazil, a very strange find of an alien appeared from under the water.
Alien's hand Walking along the beach in Brazil, you can find
shells, pebbles, small crabs and an alien hand. And so it happened with one couple who decided to
take a romantic walk on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. The bony, long-fingered hand looks like the
friendly alien from Steven Spielberg's ET. It would seem - here it is, real proof of
the presence of an alien on our planet, albeit not entirely. Leticia Gomez Santiago
and her boyfriend Devanir Souza took many photos and posted them online. After all,
where are the best experts on any topic - of course, on the Internet! The photo was stumbled
upon by marine biologist Eric Comyn, who debunked all the myths about the find. He believes that the
hand belongs to a representative of cetaceans - the infraorder of mammals, including whales,
dolphins and porpoises. And its creepy appearance is due to the stage of decomposition,
which lasts about a year and a half. People have been trying for many years
to find at least some clear evidence of the existence of alien life, but scientists always
come who can explain this or that artifact from a scientific point of view. In this case,
the find indicates that the cetaceans that now live in the seas and oceans walked on land 50
million years ago. Under the interdigital flesh of the whale or dolphin flippers are five "fingers"
or a five-fingered limb. This is found in humans, amphibians and a number of other animals,
which indicates their common ancestor. A couple, in addition to photos, took
a video of their hand to show how big it is. The biologist believes that this is part of a dolphin,
of which there are a lot. Usually such bones should not be removed from the beach,
so as not to interfere with the natural cycle of nutrients in the ecosystem, but scientists are
in a hurry to study the recently deceased animals to find out the exact cause of death. After all,
this may not be the accidental death of one dolphin, but the emergence of a mass
epidemic or the extinction of animals due to the release of harmful substances into
the water. From the study of dolphins, we will smoothly move on to the treasures of the Aztecs.
The strange treasures of the Aztecs Archaeologists believe that a new find
discovered in Mexico City will lead them to the place where the main emperor of the Aztecs rests.
The lost imperial tomb has long haunted the minds of scientists in South America. This is the main
goal of archaeologists in this region, the same as in Egypt trying to find the tomb of Cleopatra,
which I talked about in a recent video. More than 500 years ago, priests hid Aztec
sacrificial treasures near the steps of a temple in Mexico City. The cache includes the remains of
a jaguar dressed in the armor of a warrior who is clasping an eagle in his arms. Also in the cache
were many starfish and coral branches. All this was stored in wooden boxes. Scholars believe that
this sacrifice was dedicated to Emperor Ahuizotl, who ruled from 1486 to 1502. In the middle of one
of the boxes, they found something solid that they think could be the emperor's cremated remains!
Perhaps this find will be a great discovery of the 21st century! The find was made in what is today
known as the Templo Mayor, the main temple of the native Aztecs in their capital, Tenochtitlan.
This temple was rebuilt 6 times, each emperor wanted to be different from his predecessor.
The exact date of the construction of the temple for the first time is difficult to determine, most
likely this is due to the founding of Tenochtitlan in 1325. The main temple had the height of modern
15-storey buildings. However, even here the Spanish colonialists did their best and partially
dismantled the temple. After the destruction, they used the stones for the Catholic Cathedral.
In addition to large boxes of jaguar and starfish, there were smaller boxes. One of them contained
Aztec incense, the other contained 21 flint knives decorated with images of warriors, a
miniature javelin thrower and a shield. Nearby, a boy of 9 years old was found in a round offering,
most likely he was sacrificed along with a jaguar. According to a preliminary analysis,
both had their hearts torn out during the ritual. And all these excavations are completed by a pit
with children's skulls, which were also sacrificed. The children were from 1 to
6 years old. As for Emperor Ahuizotl himself, his cremated remains are yet to be found. This
may take about a year. On the one hand, you seem to rejoice at the new finds of archaeologists,
but on the other hand, it’s best not to know something. While archaeologists are trying to find
cremated remains, a virus from the Paleolithic unknown to science has been found in Russia!
Virus unknown to science
The best finds are found by archaeologists when they work as a team! This time the team consisted
of French, German and Russian archaeologists in Yakutia. In the Siberian permafrost,
they managed to find two ancient viruses, one of which was revived, and the second is not
yet known to science. Viruses were found in the intestines of an ancient wolf and mammoth fur.
The approximate age of viruses is from 27 to 48.5 thousand years. The virus that is older
is currently considered the oldest discovered in history. Scientists took soil samples in places
where there were glaciers, an ancient wolf and a mammoth were also found there. According to
scientists, a new virus, previously unknown to science, belongs to the genus pitoviruses.
Its age is 27 thousand years. Of course, it is worth studying the ancient world,
but most importantly, lets hope scientists will not start doing any experiments with these
viruses! We don't need another pandemic! But to try the oldest wine - why not!
The oldest wine in the world Usually, the oldest wines are
stored deep in the cellar in some kind of castle or old winery. But for archaeologists,
it's too easy. The oldest bottle of wine was found in the German city of Speyer,
which during the Romans was called Noviomag, which is located on the banks of the Rhine River. And
so in 1867 a sarcophagus with a Roman legionnaire was discovered here, who was buried around 300 AD.
Next to the warrior lay a bottle of wine, decorated with beautiful handles in the shape of
dolphins. To be honest, the bottle looks more like a vial of witchcraft elixir. But in fact it turned
out to be wine, and the most interesting thing is that this is the oldest discovered wine in the
world that has been preserved in a liquid state! Around the same time, in the city of
Grosscarlbach, workers found an ancient bottle of wine that was supposed to be a
record holder. However, happened what archaeologists least expected! The
workers uncorked the bottle and drank the wine. That is, the artifact was destroyed
before it even fell into the hands of scientists. Most likely because of this case, it is strictly
forbidden to open the "Bottle from Speyer"! It has been on display at the Historical Museum of the
Palatinate for many years, it is not even taken to various exhibitions. Perhaps they fear that some
loader will try to study this artifact on his own. You are probably wondering how this bottle of wine
managed to survive. During the funeral of a legionnaire, a one and a half liter bottle
was filled with red wine, olive oil and spices were added on top, and the neck was sealed with
wax. Spices with oil formed a certain crust, which helped the wine survive to this day.
What was then called wine now has a completely different taste and texture. Wine in ancient
Rome was more like molasses, which was diluted with cold water in summer and hot in winter.
And in general, wine was a strategic commodity of the empire. Grapes were crushed in whole bunches,
without separating the berries from the branches. Therefore, the wine turned out to be bitter,
lead powder was added for sweetness, and honey was added to increase the degree. White wine
in ancient Rome was considered a lower level, so it was infused with blackberries, cherries
and elderberries to give the color a high cost. And our channel is one of the largest channel
on archeology in YouTube! So subscribe and you will always be the first to know
about new archaeological discoveries. Thanks for your views, bye everyone!