"Stainless Steel or Cast Iron: Which Cookware Is Best? Is Teflon Safe?"
In my last video I expressed concerns about the use of aluminum cookware.
So, what’s the best type of pots and pans to use?
Stainless steel is an excellent option,
the metal chosen in applications where safety and hygiene are considered
to be of the utmost importance, such as kitchenware.
But what about studies showing stainless steel can leach
nickel and chromium into foods during cooking?
(That’s what keeps the iron in the stainless steel unstained by rust.)
The leaching is really only when they’re brand new.
Metal leaching decreases with sequential cooking cycles
and stabilizes after the sixth time you cook with it.
Under more common day-to-day conditions,
the use of stainless-steel pots is considered to be safe
even for most people who are acutely sensitive to those metals.
A little leaching metal can be a good thing in the case of straight iron,
like a cast iron skillet, which can have the beneficial effect
of helping to improve iron status, helping to potentially reduce
the incidence of iron deficiency anemia
among reproductive age women and children.
The only caveat is that you don’t want to be frying in cast iron.
Frying isn’t healthy regardless, but at hot temperatures
vegetable oil can react with the iron to create trans fats.
What about using nonstick pans?
Teflon, also known as polytetrafluoroethylene,
is used as an inner coating material in nonstick cookware.
Teflon’s dark history was the subject of a recent movie called Dark Waters,
starring Mark Ruffalo and Anne Hathaway.
Employees in DuPont’s Teflon division
started giving birth to deformed babies before DuPont
“removed all female staff” from the unit.
Of course, they buried it all, hiding it from regulators and the public.
Despite this significant history of industry knowledge
about how toxic some of the chemicals used to make Teflon were,
they were able to keep it all hidden.
But eventually they were forced to settle for over half a billion dollars
after one of the chemicals was linked to kidney and testicular cancers,
pregnancy-induced hypertension, ulcerative colitis, and high cholesterol.
“At normal cooking temperatures, [Teflon]-coated cookware releases
various gases and chemicals that present mild to severe toxicity.”
Here’s some of the different gases that are released at different temperatures
and the toxic effects that have been documented.
You’ve heard of canaries in a coal mine?
They're more like canaries in the kitchen,
as cooking with Teflon cookware is well known to kill pet birds in the house;
or Teflon coated heat lamp bulbs wiping out half a chicken flock.
“Apart from the gases released during heating the cooking pans,
the coating itself starts damaging after a certain period.
It's normally advised to use slow heating when cooking in Teflon-coated pans,”
but you can imagine how consumers might ignore that.
And some of the Teflon can start chipping off if you’re not careful
and make its way into the food, though the effects of ingestion are unknown.
This is the only study I could find looking at the potential
human health effects of cooking with nonstick pots and pans,
and the use of non-stick cookware was associated with
about a 50 percent increased risk of colorectal cancer.
But that may be because of what they were cooking.
Non-stick cookware is used in hazardous high-heat cooking methods,
like broiling, frying, grilling, or barbecuing, mainly for meat,
poultry or fish, in which carcinogenic heterocyclic amines
are formed from the animal protein.
And then the animal fat can produce another class of carcinogens
called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Though it’s possible it was the Teflon itself,
which contains suspected carcinogens like that C8 compound from the movie,
also known as PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid.
“Due to toxicity concerns, this chemical has been replaced
with other chemicals such as GenX, but these new alternatives
are also suspected to have similar toxicity.”
But we’ve already so contaminated the Earth with it that we now can get it
prepackaged in food before it’s even cooked, particularly in fish,
dairy products, and meat, which is now the main source
of human exposure to these toxic pollutants.
Of those, seafood is the worst.
In a study of diets from around the world,
fish and seafood were major contributors of the perfluoroalkyl substances,
as expected, given that everything eventually flows into the sea.
Though the aquatic food chain is the primary transfer mechanism
for these toxins into the human diet, “food stored or prepared
in greaseproof packaging materials,” like microwave popcorn,
may also be a source.
And in 2019, Oral-B Glide dental floss was tested.
6 out of 18 dental floss products they tested showed evidence
of Teflon-type compounds.
Here’s the list.
So, did those who used those kinds of floss
end up with higher levels in their blood stream?
Yes, apparently so.
Higher levels of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
were found in Oral-B Glide flossers.
There’s lots of environmental exposures in the modern world
we can’t avoid, but we shouldn’t be making things worse
by adding it to consumer products.
But hey, at least it gives us some power to lower
our personal exposure to these harmful chemicals.