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How does the Sun work?
For the better part of a century the scientific consensus has been
that a nuclear reaction within the Sun causes the Sun's light, heat and radiation.
But rather than confirming this model, modern space discovery
has only provided seemingly endless riddles and anomalies.
Nevertheless, today institutional science gives no indication of its readiness
to explore real theoretical alternatives in Solar Physics.
In this episode, Bishop Nicholas Sykes contrasts in clear and simple terms,
the fundamental differences between the Electric Universe paradigm
and the standard view of the Sun and all stars.
Video number six -- the workings of the Sun.
The currently generally accepted model of the Sun, as well as other stars,
operates on the premise that it functions as a nuclear furnace.
The Electric Universe paradigm offers a radically different theory of the workings of the Sun
as has already been indicated in these Space News videos.
I would like now to sow some further seeds of doubt in viewers
who are content with the current / generally accepted model of the Sun
before going into any further detail about the Electric Universe paradigm.
We should first note that what has become the nuclear furnace model of the Sun
was developed by theoretical researches in the years
between the first and second world wars by Sir Arthur Eddington
at a time when the Theory of Relativity was beginning its dominance.
Soon after this, scientists and engineers began to be greatly impressed
by the proposed new applications of nuclear technology,
both for peaceful purposes and to the ends of war.
Furthermore, it has by now being assumed for many years
that it will just be a matter of time and a refining of research
to discover some way of controlling the process of nuclear fusion
which is at the heart of nuclear bomb perfection.
When a nuclear bomb explodes, the nuclear reaction is said to be uncontrolled.
There is no ability to slow it down
or have it produce a smaller amount of power over an extended time.
To discover and master controlled nuclear fusion,
has been an aim of scientists and technologists for over six decades
with the incentive that the basic fuel for it is plentiful and readily available.
It was never envisaged when nuclear technology began
that the tough nut of controlled fusion would prove to be such a hard one to crack
and so nobody had any qualms about modeling the Sun on just this basis.
Not being obviously an ephemeral phenomenon like a hydrogen bomb,
here today and gone tomorrow, if the Sun is to be modeled upon nuclear fusion
it must be a controlled fusion furnace
that can continue producing energy for many millions of years.
Electric Universe theorists have noted that the nuclear model of the Sun
had its beginnings in a time when the physicists were turning away
from the experimental verification of their thought based models
and indeed Albert Einstein's work was a prime example of this.
Eddington himself became the chief supporter and expositor of Relativity in Britain.
Previous videos have noted how the corpus of Einstein's work
achieved almost universal acceptance
without any experimental component in its conception.
And such verifications, as have been claimed for it,
are now under severely critical scrutiny
from an increasing body of independent scientists.
It is not surprising therefore that the proposed nuclear model of the Sun
achieved rapid general acceptance
without an adequate experimental or observational basis.
After this model was generally accepted, physicists tried to verify it
perhaps most famously by trying to detect the neutrinos
that such a nuclear reaction in the heart of the Sun would have to produce.
They found that there were, for sure, some neutrinos found to be admitted by the Sun
which can be taken to be verification that there are nuclear reactions occurring there
but not anything like the number that would have to be produced
if practically the whole radiant energy of the Sun
were actually produced by nuclear reaction.
Considerable theoretical fancy footwork on the nature of neutrinos
is to this day going on to try to resolve the deficiency problem
but there are other unexplained features of the Sun too,
that should cause most serious doubts about the validity of the whole model.
An educational website has stated,
"The core is extremely hot, under these conditions
nuclei that would normally repel each other fuse together instead.
In the core, hydrogen joins together to make a helium nucleus.
This releases positrons and neutrinos and radiation energy called gamma-ray photons.
The fusion in the Sun's core also creates 99% of the Sun's heat or thermal energy.
The rest of the Sun becomes warm when the heat created by fusion
moves outward from the core through the layers outside."
There is one huge unstated problem for this model.
Presumed as factual by many text books and websites
the observation as opposed to the widespread contrary presumption
that by far the hottest part of the Sun is not within the core
where they assumed the furnace would have to be
but outside of it, at the corona.
An international team of researchers points out
that the deepest observable surface of the Sun
yields a temperature of about 6,000 degrees Kelvin.
As we peer into the darker interior of sunspots we see cooler regions, not hotter.
But moving outward to the bottom of the Corona,
the temperature jumps spectacularly to almost 2 million degrees;
thus the superheated shell of the Sun's Corona reverses
the expected temperature gradient predicted by models of internal heating.
It is clear that an internally heated furnace of any sort, nuclear or otherwise,
does not and could not work this way at all.
The Sun's temperature gradient, increasing where a furnace model would predict a decrease,
is given an explainable cause by the Electric Universe model
and this ought to make the EU model a realistic contender
for the minds of scientists and the general public.
Indeed it ought to make the electric universe paradigm an irresistible contender
for research opportunities in the science departments of any new university
that was brave enough and ultimately approved wise enough to take it on.
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