In Today’s episode, we will reveal a very powerful organic pesticide formula using Insecticidal
soap spray also known as Soap Salts.
We will learn how to make it yourself at home and how to use it to control pests like aphids,
whiteflies, mealybugs, thrips, mites and many other pests in your garden.
Coming up!
1.
What is an Insecticidal Soap?
Insecticidal soap a.k.a soap salts, is an organic pesticide made of potassium salts
of fatty acids and is derived from plant oils like coconut oil, olive oil, etc.
The difference between soap salts and regular soap is the alkali used in making this.
In bar soap, they use sodium hydroxide, whereas in insecticidal soap they use potassium hydroxide
to make potassium salts of long chain fatty acids which are considered safe, non-toxic
and eco-friendly and infact approved for use as an organic pesticide.
As always, we always recommend you not to use hazardous chemical fertilizers and pesticides
in our channel.
Well, 2.
What is the mechanism of Action of Insecticidal Soap Spray?
Insecticidal soap acts by contact.
It kills insects in three ways: • It damages their cell membranes, causing
the contents of the cell to leak out, leading to dehydration and death.
• It melts the protective wax that covers certain insects (mealybugs and other scale
insects) and this leads to dehydration from evaporation.
• It blocks the pores through which insects breathe, leading to asphyxiation and death.
The pest treated usually dies very rapidly, within minutes of treatment.
3.
What are the insects and pests that are sensitive to Insecticidal Soap Spray?
Insecticidal soap is most effective on soft-bodied arthropods, a group that includes most plant
pests like Aphids, Earwigs, Leafhoppers, Mealybugs, Sawfly larvae, Spider, mites, Thrips, Whiteflies
and even Small caterpillars.
Apart from these, insecticidal spray is also recommended and very effective for treating
powdery mildew disease.
4.
What are the insects that are not harmed by Insecticidal Soap?
Normally, the pollinator insects like bees, butterflies, ladybugs, lacewings, etc. are
not harmed by insecticidal soap.
5.
Ready to Buy Formulations of Insecticidal Soap:
You have two options to choose.
One is Ready-to-use insecticidal soap spray that comes packaged in a spray bottle.
The second option is to buy a concentrated solution.
You have use some 5ml per liter of water and then spray on your plants.
Many gardeners like the idea of the ready-to-use product because it’s already mixed in the
correct proportions so there’s very little risk of plant damage.
The bottle may be labeled as “Suitable for Organic Use,” or “Safer for Plants and
Vegetables,” but if it is a true insecticidal soap, its bottle will list “potassium salts
of fatty acids” as ingredients.
Please check this composition before purchase.
6.
How to use these Insecticidal Soap Sprays?
Before we go to making your own powerful insecticidal spray, let’s learn how to use these commercial
formulations.
The ready to spray bottle is simple to use.
Just shake well before use and start spraying thoroughly on the affected areas of your plant.
If you have the concentrated solution of the insecticidal spray, use 5ml per liter of water
or as directed in the bottle usage instructions.
Mix well and spray the plant thoroughly or wet the plant completely, because It is effective
only when it is wet and has no residual effect.
In other words, it loses all its effect once it dries out.
But the pests usually die very rapidly, within minutes of treatment.
You may also perform a patch test before using it for the first time.
We will discuss about it later.
7.
DIY Powerful Pesticide Recipe: The active ingredient in insecticidal soap
is the soap, itself.
While many homemade recipes may tell you to add additional stuff, such as garlic, chili
powder, etc, the insecticidal soap is actually the main ingredient.
We will make the recipe for 1 liter of water in this demonstration.
- Take 1 liter of water in a container which can be closed (Distilled water is best.
Do not use hard water) - Add 1 full teaspoon of mild liquid soap
– like hand wash liquid.
Do not use stronger ones like dish wash soap.
Liquid soaps contain potassium salts of fatty acids which are soap salts.
- Add 1 full teaspoon of vegetable oil like coconut oil to this.
Now this will be your home made insecticidal spray.
But to add more power to this, you need to add Neem oil to it, like about 5 ml, especially
if the pests infestation is too extensive or resistant to any of the treatments.
- Mix it well by closing the cap and shaking it well for few minutes.
- Fill your spray bottle and shake every time before you spray.
- Both the liquid soap and the oil act as surfactants to help keep the solution from
quickly running off the plant’s leaves when sprayed.
The longer the solution remains on the plant’s foliage, the better the chance of killing
the pests.
8.
What is Patch Test?
Whenever you make or use a pesticide for the first time, always do a patch test on a leaf
first before spraying on the entire plant.
You never know, how strong it is and may damage your plant.
So, first spray it on a leaf or branch and wait for 1 or 2 hours.
If the leaves start wilting, then its too strong to use.
Dilute it accordingly and use.
9.
How often Should I spray?
For pest prevention, spray plants thoroughly with insecticidal soap once in 10 - 15 days.
For treatment once weekly or max twice weekly.
And after a heavy rain, you have to reapply the spray.
10.
Can I store this solution once prepared?
You can refrigerate it to store.
But always better to make fresh solution every week.
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Happy Gardening!