hello lovely students and welcome back
to english with lucy today we're going
to talk about a really annoying word a
word that troubles
so many of my students
would
uh isn't it annoying it's got so many
uses well don't you worry because today
we are going to be going through the 10
uses of wood we are going to go through
an immense detail with lots of examples
and there will be lots of exercises in
the pdf you will leave this lesson
feeling more confident
about the ways you can use wood i'd like
to remind you that as always i have
created a free pdf that goes with this
lesson
it will show you everything we're going
to talk about today in a nice clear
layout and it has
lots of exercises so you can put what
you learned today into practice later on
if you would like to download this free
pdf just click on the link in the
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time right let's get started with the
lesson and firstly i want to do just a
little focus on the pronunciation
speakers of certain languages really
struggle with that
sound
they almost say oh
you want to
make your lips nice and round like this
almost as if you're going to kiss but
with a little hole
it's like you're saying ooh but it's
even smaller
and then go straight into ed
wood
wood i'm sure that some of you didn't
need that but i'm sure that some of you
did actually
let's start with the first use of wood
we use wood to make polite requests this
is one of the most common phrases using
wood when we want to ask for something
politely we say i would like or i'd like
i'd like a cup of tea please or
i'd like the scones with jam there's a
big fight in the uk about how to
pronounce scone
some say scone some say scone scone like
cone scone like gone
i've always said scone if you are
british or a fan of british culture
which do you say scone or scone let me
know we can also use would like to
request things for other people too my
husband would like a hot chocolate and
the new york times that is what he likes
um the first time we ever went to a posh
hotel together very early in our
relationship they said what would you
like uh in the morning which newspaper
and hot drink and he just panicked and
said hot chocolate and the new york
times
the structure of this is subject plus
would like plus object
or subject plus would like plus to
infinitive we can also use would to make
requests as a question would you close
the curtains please
or would you buy me a newspaper
preferably the new york times with a hot
chocolate number two we can use wood to
make invitations and offers for example
if you want to politely offer someone
some food or a drink you can say would
you like a cup of tea would you like a
biscuit with that if you want to invite
somebody to an event or a place you can
say would you like to come to our house
tomorrow for dinner or would you like to
come with me to the party tonight we can
also use wood in reported speech i've
made a video recently on reported speech
i'll leave it down there in the
description box it's very concise i'm
sure it will help you if you want to
look in more detail but just as a brief
overview we can use would in reported
speech in reported speech
would is the past of will in direct
speech
i will help you move house said robert
transforming that into reported speech
robert said that he would help me move
house
will changes to wood whenever you see
will in direct speech you can use would
in reported speech some more examples
she said she would come they told me
they would finish it by the next day i
said i would drive them to the airport
number four
now this one
is really important
because often students don't know about
this but we use it a lot in speech as
natives my husband will uses this all
the time and it really annoyed me once
because we filmed a video for this
channel and he used
wood all the time in this way and i
think it really confused some of the
viewers so i'm really happy to be
talking about it today
we use wood to talk about typical
behavior in the past if you didn't know
this before this is going to make you
think ah i understand why they said wood
all the time now we use wood to talk
about repeated actions in the past
habits that we don't do anymore when i
was a child
we would go to france for our holidays
that was a repeated action typical
behavior but i'm not a child anymore i
don't go to france anymore for my
holidays when julian was at university
he would eat ready meals almost every
night he doesn't do this anymore he's
not a student but when he was a student
this is what he would do note that you
can't use this to talk about state verbs
like love hate want or have for states
we use the structure used to instead we
don't say when i was a child i would
love chocolate we do say when i was a
child i used to love chocolate because
love is a state verb so it doesn't go
with wood when i was a child i used to
love chocolate but now i don't like it
what a lie what a lie number five we use
wood to talk about willingness in the
past if you want to talk about how
willing or happy someone was to do
something in the past you can use would
although we normally use this in a
negative way so it's more likely that we
use wouldn't the shop wouldn't give me a
refund even though my new phone is
obviously broken they weren't willing to
or dave wouldn't carry any of my boxes
for me he wasn't willing to my parents
wouldn't lend me any money so i couldn't
go out number six we also use wood in
hypothetical situations this is another
really key one hypothetical situations
are situations that we are imagining
they're not real the restaurant would be
too expensive
so we won't go there basically i would
like to live in spain because the
weather's beautiful but i live in
england so i can't i would get seasick
with those huge waves so i'm not going
on the boat trip or it would be great to
travel more often number seven we use
wood in conditional sentences i have a
full video on the conditionals we go
into more detail in that video i've left
a link for you in the description box
but just as an overview i'll go over it
now relating to wood we use wood in the
second conditional to talk about
imaginary impossible or very unlikely
situations in the present these are
similar to the hypothetical situations
that we spoke about just before but with
the second conditional we use two
clauses the if clause and the word
clause if i moved to another country i
would miss my parents claire would take
a trip around the world if she won the
lottery take a look at the structure of
these sentences but pay attention okay
the structure is if plus subject plus
past simple comma subject plus would
plus the base form of the verb
however that's why i said pay attention
that little comma just there is only
needed if the if clause comes first you
can swap the clauses over and in that
case the comma isn't needed i know it
seems like such a tiny thing but if
you're in an exam it's really important
please also remember even though we're
using past tenses we are imagining
things in the present some more examples
if my children ate all their vegetables
they would get ice cream we're using a
comma there because the if clause comes
first i would take spanish classes if i
had time the if clause comes second so
there's no comma we'd get a labrador if
we were allowed to get a dog i said
weird the contraction we would weird if
they spoke english they would move to
new zealand next up we have the third
conditional and this is the conditional
that we use to talk about hypothetical
situations in the past we often use this
structure to imagine changing the past
or imagining things happening
differently i would have called you if i
had known you were at home or if she had
helped us we would have finished earlier
let's look at the structure quickly the
whole comma situation is very similar if
plus subject plus past perfect comma
subject plus would have plus past
participle if the if clause comes first
we need a comma if it comes second we do
not let's take a look at some examples
if he had practiced more he would have
passed his driving test she wouldn't
have missed her flight if her alarm had
gone off if you'd bought a ticket you
wouldn't have got a fine i said you'd
you had moving on to number eight we can
use wood with wish we use would with
wish to talk about things that we want
people to do or not to do we often use
it when we're annoyed by someone's habit
or something they do regularly i wish
you wouldn't leave the door unlocked he
wishes his dad wouldn't smoke the
structure is as follows
subject plus wish
plus subject plus would plus the base
form of the verb i wish you'd clean the
house more often i wish you wouldn't
borrow my clothes they wish their
neighbor's dog wouldn't bark at night we
wish our grandparents would move closer
to us number nine we use wood to talk
about preferences if we want to talk
about what we or what somebody else
prefers from several options we use the
phrase would rather this could be a real
situation in the present or a
hypothetical situation i'd rather get a
takeaway today i'm too tired to cook or
would you rather go to the cinema or to
the theater the structure is subject
plus would rather plus the base form of
the verb some more examples would you
rather have tea or coffee or they'd
rather not come tonight because they're
not feeling well or tina would rather
meet us at the restaurant finally number
10 we use wood to give opinions when we
want to give our opinion about something
but we're not sure we're correct or we
want to be really polite we can use
would as part of some set phrases we
often say i would think i would imagine
or i would guess
i'd imagine it's been a tough few days
for him i'd guess he'd want to help i'd
think we'd need to talk to the manager
before we commit to this right that is
it the 10 uses for wood
now it is time to test your
understanding by taking the quiz in the
pdf if you'd like to download that pdf
the link is in the description box you
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are there too if you would like to
improve your listening and vocabulary
skills then i also have my vlogging
channel where we document our life here
in the english countryside and every
single vlog is fully subtitled so you
can use them for listening practice and
to acquire more vocabulary i will see
you soon for another lesson
let's look at the structure quickly the
whole
she wouldn't have missed her flight if
her
ah
this tiny tiny lipstick
plus subject plus past
the stroke the structure is
if plus subject past
[Music]
you