hello anatomy colleagues this is dr alsup and you can't talk about joints without talking
about arthritis well i guess you could but you shouldn't because it is very important
in terms of understanding some of the more typical pathologies associated with joints so
that's exactly what we're going to do we're going to talk about the three main types of arthritis
okay rheumatism is any painful disorder of supporting structures of the body
that is not caused by direct injury or infection so when we're talking about supporting structures
this can include bones muscles tendons and ligaments arthritis is going to be a form
the form of rheumatism that is specifically going to affect the joints that's why i said can't talk
joints without talking arthritis and so this uh arthritis can cause joints to be painful
swollen and or stiff so there are three main types there uh the first we're going to talk
about is osteoarthritis or oa and osteoarthritis is typically what people think about when they are
thinking about arthritis this is a degenerative or progressive and often irreversible deterioration
of the articular cartilage so this is a degenerative joint disease
and you can kind of see in this image that that articular cartilage which is on the ends of bones
is eventually worn away and lost with time this arthritis is often thought of as the wear and
tear arthritis and this is a common cause for hip and knee replacement surgery in more severe cases
so think about that articular cartilage just over time with overuse can lead to osteoarthritis
and it can happen in many joints of the body i mentioned hip and the knee some of the inner
vertebral joints can all have oa associated with it crystal arthritis or gaudy arthritis or just
plain gout is sometimes referred to occurs when sodium urate crystals become deposited um in
and amongst the soft tissues of the joints particularly the joints of the the feet especially
of the first digit or the big toe and you can really see kind of where you have some
some certain issues on this radiograph at that first metatarsophalangeal joint and so what will
happen is that the crystals that are in there will irritate which can lead to inflammation and erode
the cartilage associated with these joints so food and drink that is high in uric acid like processed
meats and alcohol can lead to higher levels of this in the body and this can lead to a higher
risk of the crystals collecting in these areas and so could be indicative of a gouty arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis or ra is unique in the fact that it is an autoimmune disease
in which the immune system will attack its own joint linings like the synovial membrane and
cartilage in fact the primary symptom of ra is going to be inflammation of the synovial membrane
so that portion of the synovial joint the joints in the hand tend to be the most affected or the
most visibly affected uh in cases of rheumatoid arthritis or r.a okay question and answer time
this one i hope is a little on the easier side but let's see where we're at so what is um
so another name for crystal arthritis is what so what is another name for crystal arthritis
and hopefully you've landed on a being the correct answer you more commonly
hear crystal arthritis actually referred to as gout or gouty arthritis it's called
crystal arthritis because of those sodium urate crystals that collect in the soft tissues
of certain joints but you could hear it certainly both ways and i want you to be very familiar with
both types of terms okay so that will do us for our joints basic session and i think we
have a really nice foundation now to be able to discuss the details of specific joints
as we move through the rest of the musculoskeletal portion of this course
make sure to reach out to me with any questions you may have and have a great rest of your day