- I'm Coyote Peterson,
and today we're going behind the scenes at the
Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum.
(fast drum beating music)
- This morning we made the beautiful drive across
the Sonoran Desert to arrive in Tucson Mountain Park,
which is home to the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum,
established in 1952, by William Carr and Arthur Pack.
Their vision was to create a living museum,
where visitors could come see animals living in completely
natural looking environments.
Since childhood I have been visiting this location,
enthralled by all of its animal species,
and inspired to live a life of adventure and animals.
Today I'm lucky enough to walk the grounds
with Will Bruner,
the museum's curator of animal experiences,
a job that as a child, I could've only dreamed of.
The first stop would be the mountain lion exhibit.
This elusive desert cat has been an ambassador
for the museum since 1952.
Wow, look how beautiful that cat is.
- His mother was killed.
He was found as about a four month old cub in California.
Obviously, too young to survive on his own in the wild,
so that's how he came to us here.
- So, this cat weighs about 100 pounds now,
and will grow to be about 200 pounds.
- Yeah, almost 200 pounds.
- So, almost double in size.
It's amazing even from this distance you can see how big
this cat really is.
- [Will] The great thing about this exhibit is that one
of our goals is not only to create naturalistic,
but also to create interesting environments for the animals.
We vary sometimes feeds, we'll vary placement of food.
So, this gives him a lot of choices,
and choices are a really important thing to an animal
in its environment.
- [Coyote] Is that kind of why you hide food throughout
the enclosure, so it forces him to almost have to hunt,
and search out what it is he wants?
- Exactly, we want him using all of those natural abilities.
The ability to track his prey by scent or visual.
He can actually work those muscles as if he were taking
down prey, basically stimulating their environment.
Even putting scents in here might cause him to actually
go and scent mark,
which is another behavior he would do in the wild.
- [Coyote] So, what's he snacking on there?
- [Will] A little bit of everything.
We feed a variety of diets,
but sometimes the favorite treats like whole animals,
a ground meat product that's specifically made for
wild cats in captivity.
Believe it or not, one of his absolute favorite treats
is cream cheese.
- [Coyote] On bagels, or on ground squirrels?
- A little bit of both. - [Coyote] Yeah.
You guys, he's going up into his little den area there.
He says, "I've had my snack,
"now it's time to take a nap."
Okay, so Will,
I feel like I'm standing right in the middle of the
Sonoran Desert right now,
but we're really just in part of the museum at this point,
and it's amazing.
I mean, you guys have designed this place to feel like
you're actually in the environment.
- [Will] That's one of the missions of the museum.
We want you to really appreciate this area because
the Sonoran Desert is like nowhere else in the world.
It's a little bit of a microcosm of all the Sonoran Desert
habitat here at the museum in a small space.
So, you can do the whole Sonoran Desert,
which would take you months to walk it, if you did it,
but here at the museum you can do it in a couple of hours.
We're a natural history museum, as well as a zoo,
and a botanical garden.
All of those roles play a really important part in the
museum's mission to educate people about the Sonoran Desert.
- Wow, cool.
Alright, well let's go find some more animals.
- Great.
- So, right now we're working our way down.
I can see them over there by the side of the fence,
Javelinas, this is like one of my favorite animals that
lives out here in the Sonoran Desert.
What I know of javelinas, Will,
is that they are these little power houses of muscle,
and ferocity, and I mean, I can clearly see them, I mean,
this guy's no bigger than a golden retriever,
but he looks like he's built like a tank.
- [Will] They are, and actually they're incredibly
powerful little animals for their body size.
Literally, just the muscles on the head,
and the neck, and the shoulders support that,
you know, the large jaws.
They work together as a family to defend themselves,
and defend their territory as well.
- Now, I just saw two of them.
They were kind of like rubbing each other's butts
on each other's head's.
What were they doing there?
- They actually, that's a social behavior.
They have a musk gland,
or a gland on the top of their back they'll rub as a way
of sort of coating everybody in the same scent,
and that's the way they identify themselves,
so it's like a social grooming,
and a bonding behavior.
- So, what are javelinas typically feeding on out here
in the desert environment,
and then do you guys provide them with any sort of food,
or they just eat what's naturally here in their habitat?
- No, we do actually provide them with food,
and the desert food is often seasonal.
So, the prickly pear fruit, which you'll see,
which they do really like is only around this time of year.
- [Coyote] They have real tough skin on their noses,
and spouts right, so those little spines,
it doesn't bother them at all.
Look at those tusks.
Now, do they use those tusks for anything defensive,
or for eating?
- Yeah, they're defensive.
They're basically used in any social altercations,
and also for defense.
Those tusks are actually amazing.
The way they line up in the javelinas mouth is that
as they move back and forth,
even with the open and closing your mouth,
they're constantly sharpening those tusks.
- [Coyote] Wow.
We're gonna take a short cut,
one of the perks of being behind the scenes at the
Desert Museum, on our way to go see the Bighorn Sheep.
Now, this is a very important part of the conservation work
that you guys are doing here.
Tell us all about these sheep.
- [Will] Well, these are Desert Bighorn,
and they are native to the area,
but we're also part of a captive breeding program
with this species.
We've just recently received a female from the
Los Angeles zoo.
She had a lamb about six months ago,
which continues our breeding program,
but also both her and her mother are unrelated to our male,
which means they can continue that captive breeding program
here at the Museum.
- [Coyote] This is the lamb right here, right?
- [Will] Yep, this is the youngster,
and she's done amazingly well.
- When I think Bighorn's,
I always think of that famous opening scene from
Marty Stouffer's Wild America,
where you have the two males, just boom,
crushing heads with eachother.
- [Will] In the wild, they would break into male and female
groups outside the breeding season.
Within the male groups they would start jousting,
and basically establishing who was gonna be the dominant
animal to breed.
- [Coyote] So, what then is the ultimate goal of this
species survival plan?
- [Will] It's to maintain a genetically diverse population
within a captive setting,
but not only for exhibitory, and zoological institutions,
but also in the event of a population crash
in a wild population.
- [Coyote] There is so much to experience at the
Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum,
and more animal and plant species than we could ever
pack into a single episode of breaking trail.
From rescuing animals to species survival plans,
Arthur Pack and Willaim Carr's original vision
of a living museum has truly grown into one of the world's
most renowned natural history,
and zoological establishments.
Will, I can't thank you enough for taking the crew and I
out here today.
Truly a once in a lifetime experience to get behind
the scenes, and see all the amazing conservation,
and education work you guys are doing here.
I had a fantastic time.
I'm Coyote Peterson.
Be brave, stay wild.
We'll see you on the next adventure.
If you thought that was one wild adventure,
check out these other animal encounters,
and don't forget subscribe to follow me and the crew
on this season of Breaking Trail.
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(lion's growl and hyena's laugh)