Hi everyone, this is Abbe from MosaLingua.
Welcome back to our series of English grammar hacks.
In this video I'm going to give you several hacks
for deciding when to use the infinitive form of a verb versus a gerund.
This is one often of the most difficult grammar concepts for English learners,
but today we're going to break it down and make it easy!
First, let's simplify the terms I just used. You're probably familiar with the term infinitive.
This is just the base form of any verb.
Basically this is what you'll look for in a dictionary for example.
Some examples could include "to buy", "to go" and "to watch".
A gerund is simply the -ING form of a word, so "buying", "going" and "watching".
Let's jump into some hacks to help you decide which one to use in different situations
Here's our first hack: the two forms are sometimes interchangeable
You can use either form particularly after emotion verbs
such as like, love, prefer or hate. So you can say "I love to cook" or "I love cooking"
Both forms are correct! Then you have verbs for which only one form is correct.
More often than not, using the incorrect form will change your sentence's meaning or
make it incorrect. This is often the case when you have two verbs in a sentence
and you need to choose the correct form for the second verb.
Let's say your two verbs are "miss" and "go out". Which one is correct?
"I miss going out with my friends"
or "I miss to go out with my friends".
In this case, only the first example is grammatically correct.
Hack n.2: as a general rule, we use the -ing form for verbs that are more abstract:
consider, deny, fancy, feel like and miss. All express abstract concepts
On the other hand, verbs with the "to" form or the infinitive form,
often are used to express concrete actions: ask, continue, help, decide, offer, plan, want.
Of course there are some exceptions
but don't worry about memorizing long lists now. The more you use them the better you
will get at deciding which one to use. Let me share a couple more hacks to make your life easier
Hack n.3: perhaps the easiest hack to remember is that
the ing form is generally used after a preposition. This is true in about 80% of cases.
Here at MosaLingua, we're all about learning the 20% of grammar
that will help us out in 80% of situations. Ready for some examples?
"My mother is good at to bake cookies" or "my mother is good at baking cookies"
Is there a preposition? There sure is! In this case, the preposition is "at" so the
second answer is the correct one. How about this one:
"you should always wait one hour after eating before going swimming"
or "you should always wait one hour after eating before to swim"
"Before" is also a preposition so you should use the -ing form.
Other prepositions include: "for", "by", "in", "about", "on", etc. So keep an eye out for these!
Our last hack today relies on our knowledge of different words functions in a sentence
In general if the word is the sentence's subject or compliment,
you should use the -ing form. Sound confusing? How about some examples?
"My favorite outdoor activity is hiking"
In the first sentence, "hiking" is the compliment and could be replaced by a noun.
Or "Driving in the snow is difficult" here "driving" could be replaced by a noun
and it would be the subject of a sentence. See? That was easy.
So, there you have it: some great grammar hacks to make choosing between these two forms a breeze!
And remember: practice makes perfect, so don't be afraid to make mistakes.
The more you use these, the better your English will become
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or other great content. And don't hesitate to leave your questions in the comment section.
Happy learning, and see you next time!