hey everyone this isn't is on tinea
corporis also known as ringworm
so in this us we're gonna talk about
what this condition is we're also going
to talk about what causes this condition
also talked about some risk factors
signs and symptoms how we can diagnose
it and how we can treat it so tinea
corporis
a ringworm is a superficial skin
infection caused by fungi known as
dermatophytes
so it is a fungal skin infection and it
is a relatively common condition that
occurs worldwide and it is an infection
involving the neck the trunk the arms or
the legs as opposed to other areas of
the body like the feet or the groin
which are different fungal skin
infections we talked about in other
lessons and tinea corporis or ringworm
is actually the most common dermatophyte
infection in children so what are some
of the causative organisms we know that
they are fungi but what type of fungi so
they are dermatophytes like trichophyton
rubrum and trichophyton rubrum is
actually the most common species of
dermatophyte fungi that causes tinea
corporis or ringworm
we can also see other trichophyton
species causing this condition as well
including trichophyton mentaiko phytase
in trichophyton conference and other
dramatic i'ts can also cause this like
the microsporum species as well and we
see microsporum canis coming from cats
and dogs so cats and dogs that have
microsporum canis can actually pass this
along to humans causing a teeny kapoor's
or ringworm infection as well how is
this condition transmitted in winter
some of the risk factors so the
transmission of tinea corporis involves
direct skin contact so this can either
be through a direct skin-to-skin contact
with an affected human or could be from
an animal or it can be from the sand or
soil so if there's any fungi in the sand
or the soil and you were to step on it
or you were to contact your skin with
that effected sand or soil you could
essentially pick this fungi up and lead
to an infection and you can also have
direct skin contact with fomites so for
mites are actually indirect objects like
furniture so if someone had tinea
corporis fungal skin infection and they
were to touch a table for instance
and you came along and touch that table
shortly after you could technically pick
up that fungi and there are some other
infected sites as well you can get it
from auto infections so if you had a
part of your body that had another type
of infection generally speaking the
scalp so tinea capitis if you have a
tinea capitis infection you could spread
that tinea capitis fungi to other parts
of your body what are some of the risk
factors so some of risk factors for
actually getting tinea corporis are the
following being in high humidity in warm
or hot environments wearing tight fit
clothing so tight fitting clothes
wearing them for a long period of time
can increase your risk for getting this
condition you can also see this being
common in children and individuals who
are older and we can also see it in
immunosuppressed patients there is also
a genetic predisposition to fungal
infections in general including tinea
corporis individuals with decreased beta
defensins
or a decreased defence in beta for have
been shown to be more susceptible to
giving tinea infections we can also see
it with individuals who have systemic
disease like diabetes and lymphoma these
are also associated with the immuno
suppression these conditions can cause
immuno compromised and increase your
risk for getting tinea corporis so what
does tinea corporis look like so here is
tinea corporis as you can see it is a
circular or oval-shaped
skin lesion and it occurs on most body
surfaces like the trunk the arms the
neck the legs except for the scalp the
hands the feet in the groin if a fungal
infection affects these areas of the
body they are different types of fungal
skin infections we talked about these in
other lessons
tinea corporis presents as erythema tiss
and paretic so it's itchy it has an
itchy sensation to it and as I mentioned
for its circular an oval in shape and
you can see here it's strongly or
clearly demarcated so demarcated means
that you can clearly see the border from
the lesion to normal skin there is a
very distinct separation and it is a
scaling lesion and
it can either be a patch or Plaxo can
either be flat or can be slightly raised
and it spreads centrifugal II which
means it spreads in all directions
outward and as it advances as it spreads
outward with an advancing border the
center of it begins to clear and we'll
show you what an image of that looks
like here in a moment here's another
look to ten-year Corp or so it might
look like this but it might look like
this so this is an alternate or a
variant of the clinical presentation so
this as you can see is very raised and
the order is sharply raised with all
most popular edges to it here's another
image of tinea corporis and as you can
see here the outer advancing border is
still quite erythema nice but there's a
central clearing that's what that
central clearing is and there is also
something called tinea corporis
gladiatori tinea corporis gladiatori you
can think of it as a subset of tinea
corporis it is tinea corporis but it is
tini Kapoor's caused in a certain way
and tini Kapoor's Gladiator is often
caused by trichophyton conser ins as
opposed to trichophyton rubrum which is
the most common cause and it is unique
of course of an idea tourim because it
is more often found in athletes and we
can think of it as it's more often found
in gladiators that's where that word
gladiatorial comes from so it's actually
transmitted by extensive direct contact
with other infected individuals you can
see this in contact sports like football
or wrestling so again
tinea corporis occurs on many different
body surfaces except for the scalp hands
feet and groin it is circular or oval in
shape and it is erythema dis and pure it
ik so it's itchy and it has a scaling
look to it and oftentimes is very well
demarcated spreads out centrifugal II
and it also oftentimes has central
clearing and then there's this odd
presentation where there could be sharp
raised edges that are popular and
there's also this other term you might
hear teeny
Coris gladiatori or what we call
gladiators that is transmitted by
extensive direct contact with other
infected individuals and oftentimes it's
caused by trichophyton ponds runs and
there's also another clinical variant -
teeny core pores and that is known as
mature G's granuloma sorry for the
pronunciation so mature G's granuloma is
actually tinea corporis that has gone a
little bit wonky so it's actually where
the dermatophyte extends down along a
hair follicle it causes somewhat of a
folliculitis to invade deeper skin
structures in what we do find is that
small cuts can predispose to this
condition especially shaving and it
presents as papules nodules plaques or
pustules so you can see a pustule here
here is another look to this condition
you can see that there's some papules
here and here's another way that this
condition might look and this can
actually lead to an abscess as the
dermatophyte extends down into deeper
skin structures it can actually cause an
abscess to form in this condition is
more likely to occur in males so it is
tinea corporis that has gone a bit wonky
it has essentially extended and invaded
down along a hair follicle into deeper
skin structures causing this altered
clinical presentation how do we diagnose
and how do we treat tini core pores so
the diagnosis of this condition involves
oftentimes clinical reasoning or
clinical diagnosis in order to
definitively say that this is technique
or porous we can do a potassium
hydroxide wet mount so a koh prep or koh
wet mount so what we do is we use a koh
wet mount and we look at skin scrapings
from a skin lesion and if we visualize
segmented hyphy like shown in this image
here that is the diagnosis of a tinea
infection so how do we treat this
condition a lot of times we want to try
to modify the risk factors first so we
talked about all those risk factors
before so we want to try to modify those
and then we can use topical antifungals
so you can think of the A's also a lot
of times that's the first line but you
can use NAFTA Fein u10 afine and Paul
navigate and we oftentimes have to use
these topical antifungals once to twice
a day for one to three weeks and
important here is that nystatin is not
effective for technique or pores and if
the topical antifungal is not effective
we might have to move on to oral
antifungals like in afine or a trick on
us all so again to diagnose this
condition it is often a clinical
diagnosis we see the skin lesion and we
look at risk factors and we determine
that this is a ten year skin infection
or we could do a Koh wet mount and
visualize segmented hyphy treatment
involves modifying risk factors it's
important to modify what might be
causing this in the first place so it
could be tight-fitting clothing and then
we can use topical antifungal like the
easels and we treat for a few weeks and
if that's not effectively use oral
antifungals for more information on
fungal skin infections please check out
my overview of fungal skin infections or
my other lessons on athlete's foot or
jock itch for more information and if
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channel and thank you so much for
watching I hope to see you next time