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*Awkward silence*
The mongols under ogre da khan would grow rapidly into a large, organised empire
The land flourished in mongol law and they financed their stay through large-scale raids
The Chinese of the Jin and the Song Dynasty
Were no match for the rapid host-based warfare of the Mongols
Whose entire strategy was based on lightning warfare
By 1271 Kublai Khan was crowned Great Khan and Emperor of all China beginning the Yuan dynasty
*Epic music plays*
*Omg, is that hitler?*
*gasp*
The Mongols brought with them their Lal customs and steppe traditions
Which blended with those of East Asia Commerce and Technology increased in the multi-ethnic Empire
But it did not last very long
An inflation crisis due to the over issue of Mongol currency as well as quite a few earthquakes
Started to make the Chinese question whether heaven really wanted the Yuan Mongols to rule and soon an all-out revolt ensued
With Juan Jiang driving the Mongols back to Central Asia and crowning himself the first Ming Emperor
The last two dynasties of China with a Ming and the Ching
both presided over China's early modern period and shared similarities in policy
One, isolationism
both dynasties pursued aggressive self defense measures amid quite a lot of xenophobia
this manifested in the cutting of funding to the navy to fund other projects such as the Great Wall
Two, both had terrible mismanagement of money
Being unwilling to trade with foreign powers beyond the port of Canton
led to an increased self reliance and decreased sphere of influence
Three, both failed to recognize the threat of foreign powers in their waters
All of whom would play direct role in collapsing the dynastic 'el system by the turn of the century
China's unwillingness to modernize and trade with the West would lead indirectly to the opium wars and the Taiping rebellion
by parties like the British French and Japanese who had a vested interest in opening up China to trade...
...and Christianity.
This in turn would spark the Boxer Rebellion as a counter revolt against foreign influence in China
The Qing had dealt with none of these problems well enough and soon revolts were more common than peace
critiques view the failure of the Ching as the century of humiliation in
1912 the Qin collapsed and China fractured into numerous pieces of Independent States called cliques also known as the warlord era
China would need to unify and to do that a Republican movement under Sun yat-sen allied with the Communists under the
CCP to fight the war loads on a united front
This went about as well as you would expect
with Kuomintang leader Chiang kai-shek
Purging and executing communists on masse breaking the fragile alliance
So it was Civil War and the CCP were on the brink of annihilation
Were it not for a near miraculous retreat of thousands of kilometers under Mao Zedong called the long march?
This incredible journey helped recruit new members
But the war had to be put on hold in
1932 when the Imperial Japanese army invaded the Manchurian cliques and were now at the doorstep of China proper
With a threat of the Japanese the two sides formed a united second front the Japanese army invaded China in
1937 after a fabricated Chinese skirmish at the Marco Polo Bridge in Beijing
The war was tragic for the Chinese with the second-highest casualties of the entire Second World War
Millions of civilians and soldiers lost their lives for a state that did not technically exist
The ill-prepared and badly led Chinese armies were no match for the strict discipline of the Japanese Imperial Army :(
with many blunders during the invasion at one point the Republican Army even
Accidentally drowning half a million people while flooding the Yellow River in an attempt to halt the Japanese advance
After a three-month long siege at Shanghai
the devastated Republican Army retreated to the capital at Nanjing
Which fell to the Japanese on the 13th of December
An event you probably haven't heard about in the west known as The Rape of Nanjing
the Japanese were so senselessly brutal to the Chinese
that the Nazi Ambassador was the voice of reason and is now
celebrated as a hero in China his letters and journals from the time tell of how up to
300,000 people were raped and murdered during the occupation there were even contest to see which
Officers could behead 100 people with their swords in the fastest time
The results of which were printed in Japanese newspapers
With the same tone that you would expect to see when reporting on a baseball game
Why is this event been mostly forgotten to history and in some cases flat-out Denied?
When you're done here head on over to my channel to find out
please be sure to check out knowing Betty's channel in the link below for more on how
entrenched the events at Nanjing became on thecollective Chinese psyche
Japan's war was stunningly successful
however, they began losing a lot of ground by 1945 since they were now fighting at forefront war the stunning successes of the
Communist army and the failures of the Republic an army against the Japanese
Meant that the CCP was on much better footing in the minds of the people
The massive conflict had been an opportunity for Mao to prove his devotion to China and millions flocked to his side
China's Civil War resumed not long after and with the help of the Soviet Army in northern China the tide turned in the CCP's favour
The Kuomintang Republican Army were forced to retreat to the island of Taiwan which still calls itself the Republic of China to this day
China was declared that People's Republic in 1949 with Mao named supreme chairman
he is infamous for the so called necessary evils by which he ruled the mainland both in terms of the
starvation of millions of his own people during the Great Leap Forward
Way industrialization caused a massive famine and also the Cultural Revolution to dispose of old traditions and systems
resulting in the execution of thousands of dissidents
A controversial figure in both the West and the East seen as both tyrant and Liberator
China seemed like an ally of the Soviet Union during the Cold War
Especially during their involvement in the Korean and Vietnam wars against the West
But in reality
sino-soviet relations grew ever more antagonistic
reflecting their isolationist past
Much changed after Mao's death and the government began to relinquish controls over the planned economy
However, the same year the Berlin Wall fell when calls for democracy sparked protests
in the Tian'anmen Square the Chinese government revealed to the world
that they had not weakened and were not going to collapse like other socialist states
by firing on their own people
A more mixed economy of socialism and capitalism triumphed
And soon China's economy began to grow and industrialize at a rapid rate
Becoming the first nation to surpass a population of 1 billion
Modern China experienced an even further modernization becoming the world's manufacturing powerhouse for both low and high quality products
However, even though economically China became more open
Culturally, they remained well and truly closed with modern China being one of the most culturally isolated nations in the world
So much so that this video
Is illegal there
Chinese internet censorship is one of the strictest in the world with the central government
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*awkward silence*
*Seriously, why is there always a pause after an ad?*
Thank you everyone for watching
Please like and subscribe and if you're looking to help the channel in another way
You can head over to my patreon page in the link below
until next time
bye