Many people think that Maslow’s hierarchy of needs stopped with self-actualization.
And that’s not actually true.
He had another piece that was on top of self-actualization and that was self-transcendence.
He just didn’t publish it widely before he passed away.
It was something he started working on towards the end and so he published the hierarchy
of needs before he finished his work on self-transcendence.
He was one of the first people really to track flow and to track some of the more interesting
and advanced altered states that human babies can get to.
Things that you would find the terminology really similar to things that you’ve heard
advanced meditators describe.
And so he was working on self-transcendence.
And he just didn’t publish it.
So there’s actually another level on top of that hierarchy of needs.
And so when I think of human psychology I really think of human psychology as a spectrum
and it’s not a series of islands or unique locations.
It’s really sort of a spectrum.
And on one end you have what I call areas that require human support.
So this is when people are facing severe stress, severe anxiety and depression.
And then in the middle is what I call the human condition.
And so that is loneliness, happiness, connection, empathy.
The human condition is where we learn how to deal with our first heartbreak and the
first time that we fall in love.
The human condition is where we deal with sadness and betrayal and loss.
Basically all the things that happen to you as you grow up through life.
The full spectrum of human emotion.
That is the human condition.
And there’s an infinite number of songs on the radio and poems and art that’s about
the human condition.
So that’s there.
And then on this other side which I think really maps to self-transcendence and Maslow’s
later work is the part of the people in the world who are really pushing on human psychology
and what are the limits?
Where are our boundaries?
What is the frontier of human psychology?
And I think a lot of direction that we get is from the contemplative communities around
the world who really have been exploring and pushing on human psychology for as long as
humans have been organized.
And pushing on what it is, what does it mean to be human.
The other day I talked to a guy who now has three Guinness Book records on endurance sports.
And he meditates the entire time.
And he just swam the English Channel in a Speedo and he meditated the whole time.
So, you know, people are using mind training, meditation and other things to push into abilities
that right now, today, one could say are limited to the few.
But with the advent of things like transformative technology there’s the ability, the possibility,
the potentiality of these extraordinary states, abilities and conditions to be available to
a much wider group of people.
And the reason why I think it’s relevant is what would make it significant, relevant
and actionable is that when I think about the world today and the challenges facing
mankind I don’t think the problems are technical.
I think they’re human.
So last summer I went to Singularity University.
I took time out of everything that I’m doing to go into their graduate studies program
and it was a fantastic program.
I love Singularity University.
And the way that the program is set up is that it’s this ten-week program and you’re
in class from 9:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. every night and there’s just a parade really of
some of the most extraordinary people on the planet working either in exponential technologies.
So AI, robotics, 3D printing, bioinformatics, everything you could imagine.
And people who are on the frontlines of the challenges facing mankind.
Like the people who are working on the water problems.
The people who are teaching in the refugee camps.
The people who are trying and working legitimately, sleeves rolled up on the ground.
The thinking around SU is it’s the place where exponential technologies are applied
to the grand global challenges that are facing mankind and that being the purpose and the
use for them.
So for me when I was there my questions always centered on what is your biggest challenge
to what you’re trying to accomplish.
And the answers were not technical.
The answers were human.
It was about fear, one’s own or the people around you.
They were all human problems and it was interesting to spend the entire summer there because you
definitely walk away with the feeling that the problems aren’t technical.
We always figure it out.
We got a man on the moon and we have alternative energy and there’s so many other things
that are happening so fast.
Changes coming hard and fast just from year to year if you see the difference in the quality
of the robots at the robotic competitions.
It’s dramatic year after year after year.
And so really the challenge facing mankind is human.
It’s can we get past the fear, aggression, anxiety, stress.
Can we get past that inner dialogue that takes us off track, either makes us miss out on
game day, not perform, makes us unable to create collaborations and cooperate with other
people.
Because we do have very real challenges as a species and the only way that we’re going
to solve them is together.
We have some very serious conversations that we have to have about everything from genetic
engineering to what do we do with a lot of the technologies that are coming online whether
it’s algorithmic accountability or a variety of things.
And so the way that I see my work and the way that I see transformative technology is
that if we could use the technology to understand ourselves better, if we can use the technology
to start to deliver and help people mimic the experiences of meditation so that people
can be calmer, happier, understand themselves better, silence the critical voices inside
themselves that stir up a lot of trouble.
And if they can also connect to other people better then we can get busy doing the work
that needs to be done to create the future that we’d like to have for ourselves and
for our children and our communities on the planet.
So that’s why I’m doing what I’m doing.